Emotionally and Cognitively Drained: Longitudinal Associations Between Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Parental Burnout From Between- and Within-Person Perspectives.

TEUBER, Ziwen; Guo, Jiesi; Dicke, Theresa; JORDAN, Gesine; SCHILTZ, Christine; GREIFF, Samuel; Aunola, Kaisa

doi:10.1002/smi.70053

Article (Scientific journals)

Emotionally and Cognitively Drained: Longitudinal Associations Between Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Parental Burnout From Between- and Within-Person Perspectives.

TEUBER, Ziwen; Guo, Jiesi; Dicke, Theresa et al.

2025 • In Stress and Health, 41 (3), p. 70053

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/10993/66793

DOI
10.1002/smi.70053

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40424055

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Keywords :

cognitive reappraisal; distress; parenting; random intercept cross‐lagged panel model; rumination; Humans; Female; Male; Longitudinal Studies; Adult; Middle Aged; Cognition; Emotional Regulation/physiology; Parents/psychology; Parenting/psychology; Burnout, Psychological/psychology; Rumination, Cognitive/physiology; Burnout, Psychological; Emotional Regulation; Parents; Rumination, Cognitive; Clinical Psychology; Applied Psychology; Psychiatry and Mental Health

Abstract :

[en] Emotion regulation has recently been suggested to predict parental burnout, a prevalent syndrome in parenting. However, a substantial theory-method gap exists, as most studies have relied on cross-sectional data and between-person analyses. In this study, we aimed to illuminate the longitudinal associations between two powerful cognitive emotion regulation strategies-cognitive reappraisal and rumination-and parental burnout from both between- and within-person perspectives. We hypothesised reciprocal relationships between the use of emotion regulation strategies and parental burnout. To fulfill our objectives, we conducted a 9-month three-wave panel study (September 2023-May 2024) in a sample of 1373 U.S. parents and analysed the data with latent cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) and random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs). Our between-person (i.e., CLPM) analysis revealed that higher rumination predicted greater parental burnout over time, and vice versa. In contrast, cognitive reappraisal negatively predicted parental burnout, but not vice versa. Our within-person (i.e., RI-CLPM) results showed that temporal changes in parents' levels of parental burnout predicted subsequent changes in their use of both emotion regulation strategies, but not vice versa. These findings imply that the role of emotion regulation in parental burnout should be reconsidered. Early identification of parents at risk of emotion regulation difficulties and parental burnout is critical. Parenting programs that incorporate emotion regulation strategies, including those that are less reliant on cognitive processes, may be particularly beneficial. Future studies are encouraged to replicate our findings using more diverse samples that vary in parents' age, cultural background, ethnicity, education, and socioeconomic status.

Disciplines :

Social & behavioral sciences, psychology: Multidisciplinary, general & others

Author, co-author :

TEUBER, Ziwen ; University of Luxembourg

Guo, Jiesi; Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, Australia

Dicke, Theresa; Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, Australia

JORDAN, Gesine ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS) > Cognitive Science and Assessment

SCHILTZ, Christine ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS) > Cognitive Science and Assessment

GREIFF, Samuel ; University of Luxembourg ; School of Social Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Aunola, Kaisa; Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

Emotionally and Cognitively Drained: Longitudinal Associations Between Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Parental Burnout From Between- and Within-Person Perspectives.

Publication date :

June 2025

Journal title :

Stress and Health

ISSN :

1532-3005

eISSN :

1532-2998

Publisher :

John Wiley and Sons Ltd, England

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

e70053

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smi.70053

Funders :

Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg

Funding text :

This research was funded in part by the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR), grant reference: C23/SC/18091359. Funding:

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since 15 December 2025

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