Unpublished conference/Abstract (Scientific congresses, symposiums and conference proceedings)
Examining variables of the job context as predictors of nurses’ demand appraisals
Fernandez de Henestrosa, Martha; Sischka, Philipp; Steffgen, Georges
202321st EAWOP Congress
 

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Keywords :
job demands; job context; challenge/hindrance appraisal
Abstract :
[en] Research goals: The present study examined whether (a) time-related factors of the job context, namely working time and job tenure, predict nurses’ challenge/hindrance appraisals alongside job demands themselves, and whether (b) both factors might act as boundary conditions of nurses’ workplace stressor appraisals. Theoretical background: Based on the transactional theory of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984), studies have so far examined employees’ subjective evaluations of workplace stressors as challenging and/or hindering and their associations to different well-being outcomes (e.g., Webster et al., 2011). Although these studies have helped us to get a more nuanced insight into work-related demands and how they may affect employees, little is known on the question of whether the job context itself might shape how employees experience certain workplace stressors (LePine, 2022). Yet, knowing whether contextual factors of the job might impact employees’ stress appraisal may help us to handle the negative effects of such job stressors (LePine, 2022). Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the role specific contextual variables of the job play as regards to nurses’ subjective appraisals of job demands as challenges and/or hindrances. Design/Methodology/Approach/Intervention: The current study was conducted as part of a broad scientific project on nurses’ working conditions in Luxemburg. Cross-sectional data was collected via an online survey (French/German). The effective sample consisted of 460 nurses (76.9 % female, n = 352; Mage = 39.40, SDage = 9.95). Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 25) and the PROCESS macro for SPSS (Hayes, 2018). To examine the associations between job demands, contextual variables and appraisals, a total of four simple moderation analyses (Model#2; Hayes, 2018) were conducted with challenge and hindrance appraisal as the criterion variables. Per criterion variable we performed two moderation analyses (i.e., one including time pressure as predictor, one including emotional demands as predictor). Working time and job tenure were specified as the moderator variables and were jointly introduced into the regression models. Predictor and moderator variables were mean centered prior analysis. Results: Regression analyses showed that time pressure and emotional demands significantly related to their challenge (for time pressure: b = -.19, p < .001; for emotional demands: b = -.11, p < .05) and hindrance appraisals (for time pressure: b = .33, p <.001; for emotional demands: b = .32, p < .001). Moreover, job tenure significantly predicted nurses’ appraisal of time pressure as challenging (b = -.001, p < .05). In other words, an increased job tenure went along with a decreased perception of time pressure as challenging. Yet, working time did not significantly predict nurses’ appraisals of job demands (i.e., time pressure, emotional demands). Furthermore, we did not detect significant interaction effects. Limitations: The current study focused on two time-related factors of the job context (job tenure and working time) as predictors of nurses’ appraisals. Yet, other contextual factors of the job (e.g., shift work, breaks) might affect how employees appraise certain demands. Moreover, we implemented a cross-sectional design precluding a causal interpretation. Conclusions: The current research identified time-related, contextual factors of the job, which contribute to how nurses appraise specific job demands. Results suggest that nurses with a higher job tenure experience time pressure at work as less of a challenge. This might suggest that they may be better at coping/dealing with time pressure at work than their colleagues with fewer years working in nursing. Note, however, that nurses’ self-reported working time was unrelated to their challenge and hindrance appraisals of job demands. These findings suggest that scholars might need to adopt a more differentiated perspective when conducting research on time-related, contextual factors of the job and their role within the stress appraisal process.
Disciplines :
Social, industrial & organizational psychology
Author, co-author :
Fernandez de Henestrosa, Martha ;  University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS)
Sischka, Philipp ;  University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS)
Steffgen, Georges ;  University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS)
External co-authors :
no
Language :
English
Title :
Examining variables of the job context as predictors of nurses’ demand appraisals
Publication date :
26 May 2023
Event name :
21st EAWOP Congress
Event place :
Katowice, Poland
Event date :
from 24-05-2023 to 27-05-2023
Audience :
International
Available on ORBilu :
since 30 May 2023

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