[en] SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality, but has less impact on viral transmission rates, thus aiding viral evolution, and the longevity of vaccine-induced immunity rapidly declines. Immune responses in respiratory tract mucosal tissues are crucial for early control of infection, and can generate long-term antigen-specific protection with prompt recall responses. However, currently approved SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are not amenable to adequate respiratory mucosal delivery, particularly in the upper airways, which could account for the high vaccine breakthrough infection rates and limited duration of vaccine-mediated protection. In view of these drawbacks, we outline a strategy that has the potential to enhance both the efficacy and durability of existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, by inducing robust memory responses in the upper respiratory tract (URT) mucosa.
Disciplines :
Immunology & infectious disease
Author, co-author :
Fraser, Rupsha ; The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK. Electronic address: rupsha.fraser@ed.ac.uk
Orta-Resendiz, Aurelio; Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, HIV, Inflammation and Persistence Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
MAZEIN, Alexander ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) > Bioinformatics Core
Dockrell, David H; The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
Upper respiratory tract mucosal immunity for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
We are grateful to the members of the COVID-19 Disease Map Project and DRAGON Project, which are large-scale international, collaborative efforts to describe SARS-CoV-2 virus–host interaction mechanisms and for future pandemics scenarios planning, respectively, and this review was prepared with a motivation to support these projects. R.F. A.O-R. and A.M. declare no competing interests. D.H.D. reports participation in Data and Safety Monitoring Boards for COV HIC001, COV HIC002, and Oxford SARS-CoV-2 CHIM study in seropositive volunteers, and acts as Commissioner for Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), UK.
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