Doctoral thesis (Dissertations and theses)
MOMENT AND LONGITUDINAL RESISTANCE FOR COMPOSITE BEAMS BASED ON STRAIN LIMITED DESIGN METHOD
Zhang, Qingjie
2020
 

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Keywords :
Composite structure; Strain-limited design; Composite beams
Abstract :
[en] The bending and longitudinal shear design of composite beams of steel and concrete follows often the plastic design method, which is a simplification based on rectangle stress blocks. The application of the plastic design method requires cross-section to have enough rotation capacity allowing most parts of the critical cross-section reach plastic at failure. There are different types of compact composite beams, such as the slim-floor beams. For them, the neutral axis position often gets deeper at failure, which reduces the rotation capacity and brings questions to the bending resistance and longitudinal shear design according to the plastic design resistance. For a composite beam with deep neutral axis position, advanced numerical methods such as strain-limited design and FEM simulations can provide more accurate results than the plastic cross-section resistance. However, they are challenging to perform for general design engineers. In this work, simplified non-linear strain-limited design approaches, a strain-limited design software "SL.com" and an Abaqus add-in "CivilLab" have been developed to simplify the numerical calculations. They have also been applied in other chapters of this work to check the conventional plastic design results and to provide simplified design rules through parametric studies. With full shear connection, a deep neutral axis position in composite beam under sagging bending may cause an important part of the steel section not to reach plastic at concrete failure. In this case, plastic bending resistance calculated based on rectangle stress blocks can result in an overestimation of the resistance and therefore leads to unsafe design. Thus, according to EN1994-1-1 [22], a reduction factor β on plastic bending resistance (Mpl,Rd) needs to be applied for cross-sections with steel grade S420 and S460 and the relative compression zone height (zpl/h) is over 0.15. However, with the developments in industry as well as the second generation of Eurocode, this reduction factor still needs to be updated to consider new types of composite beams and wider ranges of steel grades. While the conventional plastic design method has its limitations and only applicable when the beam cross-section has enough rotation capacity to allow full plastic development, the more advanced strain-limited numerical calculation and FEM can be used for a much wider range regardless of the position of the neutral axis. The investigations in this dissertation through comparing the plastic bending resistance with advanced numerical calculation results, have confirmed that besides the cross-sections with high steel grades (S420, S460), also certain cross-sections with lower steel grades can have an overestimated plastic bending moment resistance. At least this effect is more important for compact cross-section types such as slim-floor sections or composite beams with asymmetrical structural steel profiles or with a small concrete slab effective width. Therefore vast amount of parametric studies based on strain-limited method and FEM have been developed to check the topics, such as limitation of plastic design methods for different types of composite beams. Furthermore new reduction β functions on Mpl,Rd for engineering practice considering much wider variates of composite beam cross-sections have been deviated. For the design with partial shear connection, the partial shear diagram developed based on plastic analysis has been widely used. As discussed above, the plastic design may not be suitable when the position of neutral axis is too deep, similar problems can occur for the partial shear diagram. This problem is especially significant for slim-floor beams, for which due to the compact cross-section, the relative compression zone height (zpl/h) is usually much higher than conventional composite beams. Thus the limitation of using the partial shear diagram for slim-floor beams is provided, and additional simplified engineering design rules are proposed. Plastic development inside the cross-section increases the longitudinal shear force in the plastic zones, furthermore with ductile shear connectors and respecting the minimum degree of shear connection, the non-linear redistribution of longitudinal shear force allows equal distance arrangement of shear connectors by the conventional design. For which, the full plastic development of the cross-section allowing plastic bending moment resistance and ductile shear connectors allowing non-linear longitudinal shear force distribution are the two fundamental conditions. The deep neutral axis position brings questions directly to the first assumption, as full plastic development of crosssection may not be able to reach. Thus the impact of a deep neutral axis position in the composite beams on longitudinal shear force distribution has been analysed. For which, the influence of plastic development inside beam cross-sections on longitudinal shear force with full shear interaction is theoretically explained. The different stages of nonlinear distribution of longitudinal shear force due to shear connectors are investigated through FEM parametric studies. Based on the theoretical and numerical calculation, the design suggestions of composite beams with deep neutral axis position are given.
Disciplines :
Civil engineering
Author, co-author :
Zhang, Qingjie ;  University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Engineering (DoE)
Language :
English
Title :
MOMENT AND LONGITUDINAL RESISTANCE FOR COMPOSITE BEAMS BASED ON STRAIN LIMITED DESIGN METHOD
Alternative titles :
[en] MOMENT AND LONGITUDINAL RESISTANCE FOR COMPOSITE BEAMS BASED ON STRAIN LIMITED DESIGN METHOD
Defense date :
11 September 2020
Number of pages :
245
Institution :
Unilu - University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Degree :
DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DU LUXEMBOURG EN SCIENCES DE L’INGÉNIEUR
Jury member :
Bender, Michél
Francis, Olivier  
Hicks, Stephen
Focus Area :
Physics and Materials Science
Available on ORBilu :
since 26 October 2020

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