Ambivalent visual representations of Robert the Wise in Occitan illustrated texts

This article examines two Occitan-language manuscripts that depict the lineage of King Robert the Wise, king of Naples, Sicily and Jerusalem. Robert was count of Provence and his court was based there in the early 1320s. Both images are from Provence and they are ambivalent in that they focus on Robert's disputed claim over his own throne and the counter-claim made on behalf of his nephew, Charles Robert (Carobert), king of Hungary. One of the two images, from an illustrated world history, has never been studied before. My article engages with research into the patronage of art and of the Franciscan order that is ascribed to Robert's court.