Reference : Beyond fear appeals: Contradicting positive smoking outcome expectancies to influence...

	Document type :	Scientific journals : Article
	Discipline(s) :	Social & behavioral sciences, psychology : Social, industrial & organizational psychology
	To cite this reference:	http://hdl.handle.net/10993/6760

Title :	Beyond fear appeals: Contradicting positive smoking outcome expectancies to influence smokers' implicit attitudes, perception, and behavior.
Language :	English
Author, co-author :	Glock, Sabine [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Languages, Culture, Media and Identities (LCMI) >]
	Unz, Dagmar [Cologne University, Germany]
	Kovacs, Carrie [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Languages, Culture, Media and Identities (LCMI) >]
Publication date :	2012
Journal title :	Addictive Behaviors
Publisher :	Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd
Volume :	37
Pages :	548-551
Peer reviewed :	Yes (verified by ORBilu)
Audience :	International
ISSN :	0306-4603
City :	Oxford
Country :	United Kingdom
Keywords :	[en] Smoking ; Outcome expectancies ; Implicit attitudes ; Warning labels ; Public health
Abstract :	[en] Smokers often have (implicit or explicit) positive smoking outcome expectancies that motivate them to smoke. For instance, they may feel that smoking is relaxing, that it improves concentration, or that it is seen as cool and attractive by peers. These expectations are, for the most part, illusory. In order to counteract these expectations, we designed cigarette package warning labels that contradicted common positive outcome expectancies. We investigated the effectiveness of our new warning labels in two experiments. We first measured smokers' implicit attitudes toward smoking using an affective priming method and found that our new warning labels changed positive attitudes into ambivalent attitudes. We then tested whether our warning labels changed smokers' self-reported positive outcome expectancies and smoking behavior. Smokers presented with the new warning labels immediately associated positive outcome expectancies less strongly with smoking and reported smoking fewer cigarettes in the 24 hours following the experiment. Explicitly taking the reasons for unhealthy behavior into account when trying to change people's habits could offer a valuable contribution to effective health campaigns.
Permalink :	http://hdl.handle.net/10993/6760

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	Fulltext file(s): File Commentary Version Size Access Limited access AB3610.pdf This article does not exactly replicate the final version published in the journal [Journal of Media Psychology]. It is not a copy of the original published article and is not suitable for citation. Author preprint 291.75 kB Request a copy

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