Generative Artificial Intelligence in Secondary Education: Uses and Perceptions from the Perspective of Early Adopters across Five EU Member States

This exploratory study examines the use and views of early adopters of generative AI (GenAI) in secondary education, exploring emerging practices and perceptions across five EU Member States. The study, based on the views of teacher educators, teachers, school leaders, students, and policymakers, highlights that GenAI offers new opportunities for teaching and learning while also posing important challenges. By understanding the experiences and views of these early adopters, the study provides insights into key aspects of how GenAI is being adopted in secondary education and how to promote an effective and responsible use by educators and students. Based on the findings, we provide a set of policy considerations emphasising the importance of ethical uses and the need to redefine and improve AI literacy and digital education competence in the light of emerging technologies.