[en] [en] BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Peanut allergy (PA) is an IgE-mediated food allergy with variable clinical outcomes. Mild to-severe symptoms affect various organs and, often, the gastrointestinal tract. The role of intestine-derived IgE antibodies in gastrointestinal PA symptoms is poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed to examine fecal IgE responses in PA as a novel approach to patient endotyping.
METHODS: Feces and serum samples were collected from peanut-allergic and healthy children (n=26) to identify IgE and cytokines using multiplex assays. Shotgun metagenomics DNA sequencing and allergen database comparisons made it possible to identify microbial peptides with homology to known allergens.
RESULTS: Compared to controls, fecal IgE signatures showed broad diversity and increased levels for 13 allergens, including food, venom, contact, and respiratory allergens (P<.01-.0001). Overall, fecal IgE patterns were negatively correlated compared to sera IgE patterns in PA patients, with the greatest differences recorded for peanut allergens (P<.0001). For 83% of the allergens recognized by fecal IgE, we found bacterial homologs from PA patients' gut microbiome (eg, thaumatin-like protein Acinetobacter baumannii vs Act d 2, 109/124 aa identical). Compared to controls, PA patients had higher levels of fecal IgA, IL-22, and auto-IgE binding to their own fecal proteins (P<.001). Finally, levels of fecal IgE correlated with abdominal pain scores (P<.0001), suggesting a link between local IgE production and clinical outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Fecal IgE release from the intestinal mucosa could be an underlying mechanism of severe abdominal pain through the association between leaky gut epithelia and anticommensal TH2 responses in PA.
Disciplines :
Food science
Author, co-author :
Czolk, R; Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg ; Department of Life Science and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Codreanu-Morel, F; National Unit of Immunology and Allergology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
de Nies, L; Department of Life Science and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg ; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
BUSI, Susheel Bhanu ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine > Systems Ecology > Team Paul WILMES
Halder, R; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Hunewald, O; Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Boehm, T M; Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg ; Department of Life Science and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Hefeng, F Q; Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
De Beaufort, C; Department of Life Science and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg ; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg ; Diabetes and Endocrine Care Clinique Pédiatrique, Clinique Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
WILMES, Paul ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) > Systems Ecology
Ollert, M; Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg ; Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
KUEHN, Annette ; University of Luxembourg ; Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
External co-authors :
no
Language :
English
Title :
Fecal IgE Analyses Reveal a Role for Stratifying Peanut-Allergic Patients.
Publication date :
29 July 2025
Journal title :
Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology
ISSN :
1018-9068
Publisher :
ESMON Publicidad S.A., Spain
Volume :
35
Issue :
4
Pages :
276 - 287
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
FnR Project :
FNR11823097 - MICROH-DTU - Microbiomes In One Health, 2017 (01/09/2018-28/02/2025) - Paul Wilmes FNR16749720 - NextImmune2 - Nextimmune2: Next Generation Immunology Research, 2022 (15/10/2022-14/04/2029) - Dirk Brenner
Funding text :
Supported by the Luxembourg National Research Fund on PRIDE program grants PRIDE17/11823097/MICROH and PRIDE21/16749720/NEXTIMMUNE2.
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