LEO Satellite-Enabled Random Access With Large Differential Delay and Doppler Shift

doubly dispersive effect; message passing; OTFS; random access; Satellite communications; Differential delays; Differential Doppler; LEO satellite; Message passing, doubly dispersive effect; Message-passing; Orthogonal time-frequency space; Random access; Symbols detection; Time-frequency space; Computer Science Applications; Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Applied Mathematics; Doppler shift; Delays; Low earth orbit satellites; Internet of Things; Symbols; Satellites; Global navigation satellite system; Channel estimation; Object recognition; Ice

Abstract :

[en] This paper investigates joint device identification, channel estimation, and symbol detection for LEO satellite-enabled grant-free random access systems, specifically targeting scenarios where remote Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices operate without global navigation satellite system (GNSS) assistance. Considering the constrained power consumption of these devices, the large differential delay and Doppler shift are handled at the satellite receiver. We firstly propose a spreading-based multi-frame transmission scheme with orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation to mitigate the doubly dispersive effect in time and frequency, and then analyze the input-output relationship of the system. Next, we propose a receiver structure based on three modules: a linear module for identifying active devices that leverages the generalized approximate message passing algorithm to eliminate inter-user and inter-carrier interference; a non-linear module that employs the message passing algorithm to jointly estimate the channel and detect the transmitted symbols; and a third module that aims to exploit the three dimensional block channel sparsity in the delay-Doppler-angle domain. Soft information is exchanged among the three modules by careful message scheduling. Furthermore, the expectation-maximization algorithm is integrated to adjust phase rotation caused by the fractional Doppler and to learn the hyperparameters in the priors. Finally, the convolutional neural network is incorporated to enhance the symbol detection. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed transmission scheme boosts the system performance, and the designed algorithms outperform the conventional methods significantly in terms of the device identification, channel estimation, and symbol detection.

Disciplines :

Computer science

Author, co-author :

Shen, Boxiao ; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai, China

Wu, Yongpeng ; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai, China

Zhang, Wenjun ; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai, China

CHATZINOTAS, Symeon ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SigCom ; Kyung Hee University, College of Electronics and Information, Yongin-si, South Korea

OTTERSTEN, Björn ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > PI Ottersten

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

LEO Satellite-Enabled Random Access With Large Differential Delay and Doppler Shift

Publication date :

13 January 2025

Journal title :

IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications

ISSN :

1536-1276

eISSN :

1558-2248

Publisher :

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

2876 - 2893

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx8/7693/10960779/10839280.pdf?arnumber=10839280

Funders :

Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project
Shanghai Science and Technology Administrative Service Center
European Union’s HORIZON.1.2—Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Program
Luxembourg National Research Fund

Funding text :

The work of Yongpeng Wu was supported in part by the 111 Project under Grant BP0719010 and in part by the Shanghai Science and Technology Administrative Service Center (STCSM) under Grant 22DZ2229005. The work of Symeon Chatzinotas was supported in part by European Union's HORIZON.1.2- Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Program under Grant 101131481. The work of Bj\u00F6rn Ottersten was supported in part by Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR) under Grant INTER/MOBILITY/2023/IS/18014377/MCR.

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since 14 November 2025

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