Blood flow; Blood oxygen; Cell-free; Channel widths; Flow efficiency; Flow properties; Ischaemia; Morphological properties; Red blood cell; Size and shape; Computational Mechanics; Modeling and Simulation; Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
Abstract :
[en] The morphological properties of red blood cells, such as size and shape, play a crucial role in determining their flow properties. A typical abnormal shape can be found in several blood disorders, such as spherocytosis, ellipsocytosis, etc., where the cells have a spherelike or ellipselike appearance, instead of being biconcave. These shape anomalies can affect the ability of RBCs to deform and squeeze through narrow capillaries, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply to tissues. This can cause tissue ischemia, which can lead to organ damage and dysfunction. We conduct numerical simulations in order to study the flow properties (such as flow rate, cell-free-layer, and RBCs hydrodynamic diffusion) by varying the shapes of the cells, from a biconcave one (healthy RBCs) to a spherical one, representing RBCs suffering spherocytosis disease. Our study highlights nontrivial effects, such as nonmonotonic behaviors of the flow rate as a function of asphericity, depending on the channel width. For example, for some channel width the usual biconcave shape is revealed to be optimal with respect to flow rate, whereas for other widths more inflated shapes are more efficient. This offers an interesting basis for the understanding of the mechanisms underlying blood flow deficiencies associated with shape anomalies, and may help evaluating the potential therapeutic strategies that might be used to alleviate the symptoms. As RBCs also serve as a classical model system for very deformable objects, our study reveals also some fundamental aspects of the flow of soft suspensions.
Disciplines :
Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Bendaoud, Mohammed ; Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany ; University of Grenoble Alpes, Cnrs, LIPhy, Grenoble, France ; LaMCScI, URL-CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed v University, Rabat, Morocco
Abbasi, Mehdi; University of Grenoble Alpes, Cnrs, LIPhy, Grenoble, France ; Aix Marseille Université, Cnrs, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINAM), Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
Darras, Alexis ; Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany
Ez-Zahraouy, Hamid; LaMCScI, URL-CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed v University, Rabat, Morocco
WAGNER, Christian ; University of Luxembourg ; Dynamics of Fluids, Department of Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany
Misbah, Chaouqi ; University of Grenoble Alpes, Cnrs, LIPhy, Grenoble, France
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
Blood flow efficiency in response to red blood cell sphericity
Centre national d'études spatiales Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Funding text :
M.B., M.A., and C.M. thank CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) for financial support and for access to micrograbity data. C.W. and M.B. acknowledge funding from the DFG Project No. WA1336/12-2. All the authors thank the French-German university programme \u201CLiving Fluids\u201D (Grant No. CFDA-Q1-14) for financial support.
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