Humans; Male; Female; Perception; Young Adult; Learning; Students/psychology
Abstract :
[en] The paper presents the most comprehensive and large-scale global study to date on how higher education students perceived the use of ChatGPT in early 2024. With a sample of 23,218 students from 109 countries and territories, the study reveals that students primarily used ChatGPT for brainstorming, summarizing texts, and finding research articles, with a few using it for professional and creative writing. They found it useful for simplifying complex information and summarizing content, but less reliable for providing information and supporting classroom learning, though some considered its information clearer than that from peers and teachers. Moreover, students agreed on the need for AI regulations at all levels due to concerns about ChatGPT promoting cheating, plagiarism, and social isolation. However, they believed ChatGPT could potentially enhance their access to knowledge and improve their learning experience, study efficiency, and chances of achieving good grades. While ChatGPT was perceived as effective in potentially improving AI literacy, digital communication, and content creation skills, it was less useful for interpersonal communication, decision-making, numeracy, native language proficiency, and the development of critical thinking skills. Students also felt that ChatGPT would boost demand for AI-related skills and facilitate remote work without significantly impacting unemployment. Emotionally, students mostly felt positive using ChatGPT, with curiosity and calmness being the most common emotions. Further examinations reveal variations in students' perceptions across different socio-demographic and geographic factors, with key factors influencing students' use of ChatGPT also being identified. Higher education institutions' managers and teachers may benefit from these findings while formulating the curricula and instructions/regulations for ChatGPT use, as well as when designing the teaching methods and assessment tools. Moreover, policymakers may also consider the findings when formulating strategies for secondary and higher education system development, especially in light of changing labor market needs and related digital skills development.
Disciplines :
Social & behavioral sciences, psychology: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Ravšelj, Dejan ; Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Keržič, Damijana ; Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Tomaževič, Nina ; Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Umek, Lan; Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Brezovar, Nejc; Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
A Iahad, Noorminshah; Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Abdulla, Ali Abdulla ; Department of Computer Science and IT, State University of Zanzibar (SUZA), Zanzibar, Tanzania
Akopyan, Anait ; Department of English for the Humanities, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Aldana Segura, Magdalena Waleska ; Education Department, Galileo University, Guatemala, Guatemala ; Physics Department, San Carlos de Guatemala University, Guatemala, Guatemala
AlHumaid, Jehan; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Allam, Mohamed Farouk; Department of Family Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Alló, Maria; Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of A Coruna, A Coruna, Spain
Andoh, Raphael Papa Kweku; Directorate of Research, Innovation and Consultancy, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Andronic, Octavian ; Innovation and eHealth Center, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Arthur, Yarhands Dissou; Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Mathematics Education, Akenten Appiah Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development (AAMUSTED), Kumasi, Ghana
Aydın, Fatih; Faculty of Education, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
Badran, Amira; Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Balbontín-Alvarado, Roxana ; Faculty of Education and Humanities, University of Bío Bío, Chillán, Chile
Ben Saad, Helmi ; Research Laboratory LR12SP09 "Heart Failure", Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
Bencsik, Andrea ; Department of Management, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary ; Department of Management, J. Selye University, Komarno, Slovakia
Benning, Isaac; Department of Mathematics & ICT Education, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Besimi, Adrian ; Faculty of Contemporary Sciences and Technologies, South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia
Bezerra, Denilson da Silva ; Department of Oceanography and Limnology. Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
Buizza, Chiara; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Burro, Roberto ; Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Bwalya, Anthony; Department of Biological Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University, Kitwe, Zambia
Cachero, Cristina; Languages and Computer Systems, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
Castillo-Briceno, Patricia ; EBIOAC Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technologies, Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabi ULEAM, Manta, Ecuador
Castro, Harold ; Department of Systems and Computing Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
Chai, Ching Sing; Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Charalambous, Constadina; Department of Education, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
Chiu, Thomas K F; Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Clipa, Otilia ; Science of Education, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
Colombari, Ruggero ; Department of Economics and Social Sciences, International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
Corral Escobedo, Luis José H; IAM, Physics Department, CUCEI, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
Costa, Elísio ; Competence Center on Active and Healthy Ageing and CINTESIS@Rise, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Crețulescu, Radu George; Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
Cucari, Nicola; Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Dalton, Fergus; Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada
Demir Kaya, Meva ; Faculty of Letters, University of Ataturk, Erzurum, Turkiye
Dumić-Čule, Ivo ; Department of Nursing, University North, Varaždin, Croatia
Dwidienawati, Diena; BINUS Business School, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ebardo, Ryan ; Department of Information Technology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Egbenya, Daniel Lawer; College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat; Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Applied Sciences Private University, Jordan, Jordan
Fečko, Miroslav; Faculty of Public Administration, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
Ferrinho, Paulo; Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health (LA-REAL), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Florea, Adrian ; Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
Fong, Chun Yuen; International College of Liberal Arts, Yamanashi Gakuin University, Kofu, Japan
Francis, Zoë ; Department of Psychology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada
Ghilardi, Alberto; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
González-Fernández, Belinka ; Department of Sciences and Engineering, Ibero-American University Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
Hau, Daniela ; Department of Education and Social Work, University of Luxembourg, Belval Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Hossain, Md Shamim; Department of Marketing, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Hug, Theo; Department of Media, Society and Communication, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Inasius, Fany; School of Accounting, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ismail, Maryam Jaffar ; School of Education, State University of Zanzibar (SUZA), Zanzibar, Tanzania
Jahić, Hatidža; School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Jessa, Morrison Omokiniovo ; Guidance and Counselling, Delta State University Abraka, Abraka, Nigeria
Kapanadze, Marika; School of Business Technology and Education, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Kar, Sujita Kumar; Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
Kateeb, Elham Talib; Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Al-Quds University. Jerusalem, Palestine
Kaya, Feridun ; Faculty of Letters, University of Ataturk, Erzurum, Turkiye
Khadri, Hanaa Ouda ; Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Kikuchi, Masao; Department of Public Management. Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan
Kobets, Vitaliy Mykolayovych ; Computer Science and Software Engineering Department, Kherson State University, Kherson, Ukraine
Kostova, Katerina Metodieva; Department of Technologies and Management of Communication Systems, Faculty of Telecommunications, Technical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
Krasmane, Evita; Department of Education, Alberta College, Riga, Latvia
Lau, Jesus; Faculty of Pedagogy, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
Law, Wai Him Crystal; International College of Liberal Arts, Yamanashi Gakuin University, Kofu, Japan
Lazăr, Florin; Sociology and Social Work, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Lazović-Pita, Lejla; School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lee, Vivian Wing Yan; Centre for Learning Enhancement and Research (CLEAR), Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
Li, Jingtai; School of Foreign Languages, Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
López-Aguilar, Diego Vinicio ; Languages Department, Indoamerica Technological University, Ambato, Ecuador
Luca, Adrian; Department of Applied Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Luciano, Ruth Garcia ; College of Information and Communications Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Machin-Mastromatteo, Juan D ; Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
Madi, Marwa; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Manguele, Alexandre Lourenço ; Health Sciences Department, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Maputo, Mozambique
Manrique, Rubén Francisco ; Department of Systems and Computing Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
Mapulanga, Thumah; African Centre of Excellence for Innovative Teaching and Learning Mathematics and Science, University of Rwanda, Kayonza, Rwanda
Marimon, Frederic ; Department of Economics and Social Sciences, International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
Marinova, Galia Ilieva ; Department of Technologies and Management of Communication Systems, Faculty of Telecommunications, Technical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
Mas-Machuca, Marta; Department of Economics and Social Sciences, International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
Mejía-Rodríguez, Oliva; Medicine School, Vasco de Quiroga University, Morelia, Mexico
Meletiou-Mavrotheris, Maria; Department of Education, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
Méndez-Prado, Silvia Mariela ; Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil, Ecuador
Meza-Cano, José Manuel ; Faculty of Higher Education Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, State of Mexico, Mexico
Mirķe, Evija; Institute of Digital Humanities, Faculty of Computer Science, Information Technology and Energy, Riga Technical University, Riga. Latvia
Mishra, Alpana; Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Science. Bhubaneswar, India
Mital, Ondrej; Faculty of Public Administration, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
Mollica, Cristina; Department of Statistical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Morariu, Daniel Ionel ; Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
Mospan, Natalia; Department of Linguistics and Translation, Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Mukuka, Angel ; Department of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, Mukuba University, Kitwe, Zambia
Navarro Jiménez, Silvana Guadalupe ; IAM, Physics Department, CUCEI, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
Nikaj, Irena ; Faculty of Education & Philology, University Fan S. Noli Korça, Korça, Albania
Nisheva, Maria Mihaylova ; Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
Nisiforou, Efi; Department of Education, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
Njiku, Joseph ; Educational Psychology and Curriculum Studies, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Nomnian, Singhanat; Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
Nuredini-Mehmedi, Lulzime; Data Analysis Office, South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia
Nyamekye, Ernest ; Department of Arts Education, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Obadić, Alka ; Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Okela, Abdelmohsen Hamed ; Faculty of Specific Education, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Olenik-Shemesh, Dorit; Education & Psychology, The Research Center for Innovation in Learning Technologies, Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
Ostoj, Izabela; Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Economics in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
Peralta-Rizzo, Kevin Javier; Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil, Ecuador
Peštek, Almir ; School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Pilav-Velić, Amila; School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Pires, Dilma Rosanda Miranda; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Cape Verde, Praia, Cape Verde
Rabin, Eyal ; Education & Psychology, The Research Center for Innovation in Learning Technologies, Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
Raccanello, Daniela ; Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Ramie, Agustine; Nursing Department, Health Polytechnic of Banjarmasin, Banjarbaru, Indonesia
Rashid, Md Mamun Ur; Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
Reyes, Valentina ; Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Rodrigues, Ana Sofia; Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
Rodway, Paul; Division of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Society, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
Ručinská, Silvia ; Faculty of Public Administration, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
Sadzaglishvili, Shorena ; Research Center for Advancing Science in the Social Services and Interventions, Social Work Program, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Salem, Ashraf Atta M S ; College of Languages & Translation, Sadat Academy for Management Sciences, Alexandria, Egypt
Savić, Gordana ; Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Schepman, Astrid; Division of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Society, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
Shahpo, Samia Mokhtar ; Department of Early Childhood, College of Sciences and Humanities Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Snouber, Abdelmajid; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran1, Oran, Algeria
Soler, Emma; Department of Economics and Social Sciences, International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
Sonyel, Bengi ; Department of Educational Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
Stefanova, Eliza; Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
Stone, Anna ; School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
Strzelecki, Artur ; Department of Informatics, University of Economics in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
Tanaka, Tetsuji; Department of Economics, Meiji Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
Tapia Cortes, Carolina; Department of Education and Humanities, University of Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
Teira-Fachado, Andrea; Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of A Coruna, A Coruna, Spain ; Public Law, Faculty of Law, University of A Coruna, A Coruna, Spain
Tilga, Henri ; Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu. Estonia
Titko, Jelena; EKA University of Applied Sciences, Riga, Latvia
Tolmach, Maryna ; Faculty of Distance Learning, Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Kyiv, Ukraine
Turmudi, Dedi; English Education Study Program, Faculty of Teachers' Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Metro, Metro, Indonesia
Varela-Candamio, Laura; Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of A Coruna, A Coruna, Spain
Vekiri, Ioanna; Department of Education, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
Vicentini, Giada ; Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Woyo, Erisher; Faculty of Business & Law, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
Yorulmaz, Özlem; Department of Econometrics & Statistics, Faculty of Economics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
Yunus, Said A S; School of Education, State University of Zanzibar (SUZA), Zanzibar, Tanzania
Zamfir, Ana-Maria; Faculty of Business and Administration, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania ; National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection, Bucharest, Romania
Zhou, Munyaradzi; Information and Marketing Sciences, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
Aristovnik, Aleksander ; Faculty of Public Administration, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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