Microglia in Alzheimer's disease.

Sarlus, Heela; HENEKA, Michael

doi:10.1172/JCI90606

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Article (Scientific journals)

Microglia in Alzheimer's disease.

Sarlus, Heela; HENEKA, Michael

2017 • In Journal of Clinical Investigation, 127 (9), p. 3240 - 3249

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/10993/61698

DOI
10.1172/JCI90606

PubMed
28862638

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Keywords :

Cytokines; Toll-Like Receptors; Complement System Proteins; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism; Alzheimer Disease/pathology; Alzheimer Disease/therapy; Animals; Brain/metabolism; Cell Proliferation; Central Nervous System/metabolism; Complement System Proteins/metabolism; Cytokines/metabolism; Humans; Immune System; Inflammation; Macrophages/metabolism; Macrophages/physiology; Mice; Microglia/metabolism; Microglia/physiology; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology; Neurodegenerative Diseases/therapy; Phagocytosis; Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Central Nervous System; Macrophages; Microglia; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Medicine (all); General Medicine

Abstract :

[en] Microglia are brain-resident myeloid cells that mediate key functions to support the CNS. Microglia express a wide range of receptors that act as molecular sensors, which recognize exogenous or endogenous CNS insults and initiate an immune response. In addition to their classical immune cell function, microglia act as guardians of the brain by promoting phagocytic clearance and providing trophic support to ensure tissue repair and maintain cerebral homeostasis. Conditions associated with loss of homeostasis or tissue changes induce several dynamic microglial processes, including changes of cellular morphology, surface phenotype, secretory mediators, and proliferative responses (referred to as an "activated state"). Activated microglia represent a common pathological feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cumulative evidence suggests that microglial inflammatory activity in AD is increased while microglial-mediated clearance mechanisms are compromised. Microglia are perpetually engaged in a mutual interaction with the surrounding environment in CNS; thus, diverse microglial reactions at different disease stages may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention and modification of inflammatory activities. In this Review, the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of AD and the modulation of microglia activity as a therapeutic modality will be discussed.

Disciplines :

Neurology

Author, co-author :

Sarlus, Heela; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany ; Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany

HENEKA, Michael ; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany ; Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany ; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

Microglia in Alzheimer's disease.

Publication date :

01 September 2017

Journal title :

Journal of Clinical Investigation

ISSN :

0021-9738

eISSN :

1558-8238

Publisher :

American Society for Clinical Investigation, United States

Volume :

127

Issue :

Pages :

3240 - 3249

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/90606/files/pdf

Available on ORBilu :

since 22 July 2024

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