A Conversation about Communication-Based Marginalization in Everyday Life

Language and communication reflect, promote, and facilitate power structures
in general, including discrimination and marginalization. Although this in well
known, discrimination based on language or communication is rarely targeted
in legislation (Ng 2007). In this chapter, we attempt to highlight the omnipresent
but rarely tangible consequences of everyday communication-based marginalization
for social cohesion. The concept of social cohesion has become more popular,
particularly in relation to dangers to it. However, social cohesion in a positive
manner, as lived and experienced, is characterized by a sense of belonging,
trust, and participation in a certain group (e.g., Green and Janmaat 2011), all of
which are conveyed through communication. In this chapter, we address communication
in everyday life as a condition for social participation and cohesion. We
call attention to marginalizing mechanisms and cohesion-promoting examples,
illustrating possible and realistic, communication-based ways to substantially reduce
or eliminate marginalization in order to facilitate a more cohesive society.
We conclude with recommendations for more inclusive and cohesive communication
practices.