[en] Neuroinflammation is a major contributor to disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is characterized by the activity of brain resident glial cells, in particular microglia cells. However, there is increasing evidence that peripheral immune cells infiltrate the brain at certain stages of AD progression and shape disease pathology. We recently identified CD8+ T-cells in the brain parenchyma of APP-PS1 transgenic mice being tightly associated with microglia as well as with neuronal structures. The functional role of CD8+ T-cells in the AD brain is however completely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate increased numbers of intra-parenchymal CD8+ T-cells in human AD post-mortem hippocampus, which was replicated in APP-PS1 mice. Also, aged WT mice show a remarkable infiltration of CD8+ T-cells, which was more pronounced and had an earlier onset in APP-PS1 mice. To address their functional relevance in AD, we successfully ablated the pool of CD8+ T-cells in the blood, spleen and brain from 12 months-old APP-PS1 and WT mice for a total of 4 weeks using an anti-CD8 antibody treatment. While the treatment at this time of disease stage did neither affect the cognitive outcome nor plaque pathology, RNAseq analysis of the hippocampal transcriptome from APP-PS1 mice lacking CD8+ T-cells revealed highly altered neuronal- and synapse-related gene expression including an up-regulation for neuronal immediate early genes (IEGs) such as the Activity Regulated Cytoskeleton Associated Protein (Arc) and the Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 4 (Npas4). Gene ontology enrichment analysis illustrated that the biological processes "regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity" and the cellular components "postsynapses" were over-represented upon CD8+ T-cell ablation. Additionally, Kegg pathway analysis showed up-regulated pathways for "calcium signaling", "long-term potentiation", "glutamatergic synapse" and "axon guidance". Therefore, we conclude that CD8+ T-cells infiltrate the aged and AD brain and that brain CD8+ T-cells might directly contribute to neuronal dysfunction in modulating synaptic plasticity. Further analysis will be essential to uncover the exact mechanism of how CD8+ T-cells modulate the neuronal landscape and thereby contribute to AD pathology.
Disciplines :
Neurology
Author, co-author :
Unger, M S; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
Li, E; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
Scharnagl, L; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
Poupardin, R; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Experimental and Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
Altendorfer, B; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
Mrowetz, H; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
Hutter-Paier, B; QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria
Weiger, T M; Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
HENEKA, Michael ; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Attems, J; Translational and Clinical Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Aigner, L; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Austria. Electronic address: ludwig.aigner@pmu.ac.at
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
CD8+ T-cells infiltrate Alzheimer's disease brains and regulate neuronal- and synapse-related gene expression in APP-PS1 transgenic mice.
The authors thank the flow cytometry and microscopy core facility of SCI-TReCS (Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg). Furthermore, we thank Pia Zaunmair for her help with the animal breeding. This work was supported by the FWF Special Research Program (SFB) F44 (F4413-B23) “Cell Signaling in Chronic CNS Disorders”, FWF Project P 31362-B34, and through funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements n° HEALTH-F2-2011-278850 (INMiND). Funding bodies did not influence the design of the study and collection, analysis, interpretation of data, and writing of the manuscript.This work was supported by the FWF Special Research Program (SFB) F44 (F4413-B23) “Cell Signaling in Chronic CNS Disorders”, FWF Project P 31362-B34, and through funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements n° HEALTH-F2-2011-278850 (INMiND).
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