Article (Scientific journals)
Learning-Based Relaxation of Completeness Requirements for Data Entry Forms
BELGACEM, Hichem; Xiaochen Li; BIANCULLI, Domenico et al.
2024In ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 33 (3), p. 77:1-77:32
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Keywords :
Form filling,; Data entry forms,; Completeness requirement relaxation,; Machine Learning; Software data quality,; User interfaces
Abstract :
[en] Data entry forms use completeness requirements to specify the fields that are required or optional to fill for collecting necessary information from different types of users. However, because of the evolving nature of software, some required fields may not be applicable for certain types of users anymore. Nevertheless, they may still be incorrectly marked as required in the form; we call such fields obsolete required fields. Since obsolete required fields usually have “not-null” validation checks before submitting the form, users have to enter meaningless values in such fields in order to complete the form submission. These meaningless values threaten the quality of the filled data, and could negatively affect stakeholders or learning-based tools that use the data. To avoid users filling meaningless values, existing techniques usually rely on manually written rules to identify the obsolete required fields and relax their completeness requirements. However, these techniques are ineffective and costly. In this paper, we propose LACQUER, a learning-based automated approach for relaxing the completeness requirements of data entry forms. LACQUER builds Bayesian Network models to automatically learn conditions under which users had to fill meaningless values. To improve its learning ability, LACQUER identifies the cases where a required field is only applicable for a small group of users, and uses SMOTE, an oversampling technique, to generate more instances on such fields for effectively mining dependencies on them. During the data entry session, LACQUER predicts the completeness requirement of a target based on the already filled fields and their conditional dependencies in the trained model. Our experimental results show that LACQUER can accurately relax the completeness requirements of required fields in data entry forms with precision values ranging between 0.76 and 0.90 on different datasets. LACQUER can prevent users from filling 20% to 64% of meaningless values, with negative predictive values (i.e., the ability to correctly predict a field as “optional”) between 0.72 and 0.91. Furthermore, LACQUER is efficient; it takes at most 839 ms to predict the completeness requirement of an instance.
Research center :
Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT) > SVV - Software Verification and Validation
Disciplines :
Computer science
Author, co-author :
BELGACEM, Hichem ;  University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SVV
Xiaochen Li;  Dalian University of Technology
BIANCULLI, Domenico  ;  University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SVV
BRIAND, Lionel ;  University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SVV
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
Learning-Based Relaxation of Completeness Requirements for Data Entry Forms
Publication date :
March 2024
Journal title :
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology
ISSN :
1049-331X
Publisher :
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), United States
Volume :
33
Issue :
3
Pages :
77:1-77:32
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Focus Area :
Security, Reliability and Trust
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