Microglia heterogeneity in health and disease

[en] Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), have received significant attention due to their critical roles in maintaining brain homeostasis and mediating cerebral immune responses. Understanding the origin of microglia has been a subject of great interest, and emerging evidence suggests that microglia consist of multiple subpopulations with unique molecular and functional characteristics. These subpopulations of microglia may exhibit specialized roles in response to different environmental cues as in disease conditions. The newfound understanding of microglial heterogeneity has significant implications for elucidating their roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. In the context of disease, microglia have been studied rigorously as they play a very important role in neuroinflammation. Dysregulated microglial activation and function contribute to chronic inflammation. Further exploration of microglial heterogeneity and their interactions with other cell types in the CNS will undoubtedly pave the way to novel therapeutic strategies targeting microglia‐mediated pathologies. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in the field of microglia research, focusing specifically on the origin and subpopulations of microglia, the populations of microglia types in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, and how microglia are regulated in the healthy CNS.

Precision for document type :

Review article

Disciplines :

Life sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Neurology

Author, co-author :

DADWAL, Shilauni ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) > Neuroinflammation Group

HENEKA, Michael ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) ; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA USA

External co-authors :

Language :

English

Title :

Microglia heterogeneity in health and disease

Publication date :

16 November 2023

Journal title :

FEBS Open Bio

eISSN :

2211-5463

Publisher :

Wiley

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2211-5463.13735

Funding text :

This work was supported by funding from the Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg (FNR) within the PEARL program (FNR/16745220) to MTH, the EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND/17063008) to MTH, the Gerhard und Ilse Schick Stiftung and the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB).

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since 24 November 2023

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