SUN, Ningyuan ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Computer Science (DCS)
BOTEV, Jean ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Computer Science (DCS)
External co-authors :
no
Language :
English
Title :
Technological Immersion and Delegation to Virtual Agents
Publication date :
2023
Journal title :
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
eISSN :
2414-4088
Publisher :
MDPI, Switzerland
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
FnR Project :
FNR12635165 - An Integrated Approach To Study The Delegation Of Conflict-of-interest Decisions To Autonomous Agents, 2018 (01/11/2019-31/10/2023) - Jean Botev
Lugrin B. Pelachaud C. Traum D. The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 Years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 1: Methods, Behavior, Cognition 1st ed. Association for Computing Machinery New York, NY, USA 2021
Lugrin B. Pelachaud C. Traum D. The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 Years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application 1st ed. Association for Computing Machinery New York, NY, USA 2022
Bergmann K. Macedonia M. A Virtual Agent As Vocabulary Trainer: Iconic Gestures Help To Improve Learners’ Memory Performance Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Edinburgh, UK 29–31 August 2013 139 148
van Pinxteren M.M.E. Pluymaekers M. Lemmink J. Krispin A. Effects of Communication Style on Relational Outcomes in Interactions Between Customers and Embodied Conversational Agents Psychol. Mark. 2023 40 938 953 10.1002/mar.21792
Luo L. Weng D. Ding N. Hao J. Tu Z. The Effect of Avatar Facial Expressions on Trust Building in Social Virtual Reality Vis. Comput. 2023 39 5869 5882 10.1007/s00371-022-02700-1
Johnson W.L. Rickel J. Steve: An Animated Pedagogical Agent for Procedural Training in Virtual Environments ACM SIGART Bull. 1997 8 16 21 10.1145/272874.272877
Deng F. Jiang X. Effects of Human Versus Virtual Human Influencers on the Appearance Anxiety of Social Media Users J. Retail. Consum. Serv. 2023 71 103233 10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103233
Lugrin B. Pelachaud C. Traum D. Introduction to Socially Interactive Agents The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 Years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 1: Methods, Behavior, Cognition 1st ed. Association for Computing Machinery New York, NY, USA 2021 1 20
Nguyen H. Malik A. Zink M. Exploring Realtime Conversational Virtual Characters SMPTE Motion Imaging J. 2022 131 25 34 10.5594/JMI.2022.3153646
Baird A. Maruping L.M. The Next Generation of Research on IS Use: A Theoretical Framework of Delegation to and from Agentic IS Artifacts MIS Q. 2021 45 315 341 10.25300/MISQ/2021/15882
Milewski A.E. Lewis S.H. Delegating to Software Agents Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 1997 46 485 500 10.1006/ijhc.1996.0100
Rosenberg L. The Manipulation Problem: Conversational AI as a Threat to Epistemic Agency Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Workshop on Generative AI and HCI Online 28 April 2023
Leana C.R. Power Relinquishment Versus Power Sharing: Theoretical Clarification and Empirical Comparison of Delegation and Participation J. Appl. Psychol. 1987 72 228 233 10.1037/0021-9010.72.2.228
Akinola M. Martin A.E. Phillips K.W. To Delegate or Not To Delegate: Gender Differences in Affective Associations and Behavioral Responses to Delegation Acad. Manag. J. 2018 61 1467 1491 10.5465/amj.2016.0662
Eisenhardt K.M. Agency- and Institutional-Theory Explanations: The Case of Retail Sales Compensation Acad. Manag. J. 1988 31 488 511 10.2307/256457
Stout N. Dennis A.R. Wells T.M. The Buck Stops There: The Impact of Perceived Accountability and Control on the Intention to Delegate to Software Agents AIS Trans. Hum.-Comput. Interact. 2014 6 1 15 10.17705/1thci.00058
Lubars B. Tan C. Ask Not What AI Can Do, But What AI Should Do: Towards a Framework of Task Delegability Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems Vancouver, BC, Canada 8–14 December 2019 57 67
Gan Q. Liu Z. Liu T. Zhao Y. Chai Y. Design and User Experience Analysis of AR Intelligent Virtual Agents in Smartphone Cogn. Syst. Res. 2022 78 33 47 10.1016/j.cogsys.2022.11.007
Abdullah A.S. Gaehde S. Bickmore T. A Tablet Based Embodied Conversational Agent to Promote Smoking Cessation Among Veterans: A Feasibility Study J. Epidemiol. Glob. Health 2018 8 225 230 10.2991/j.jegh.2018.08.104 30864768
Chowdhury T.I. Ferdous S.M.S. Quarles J. VR Disability Simulation Reduces Implicit Bias Towards Persons with Disabilities IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 2021 27 3079 3090 10.1109/TVCG.2019.2958332 31825867
Klingenberg S. Jørgensen M.L.M. Dandanell G. Skriver K. Mottelson A. Makransky G. Investigating the Effect of Teaching as A Generative Learning Strategy When Learning Through Desktop and Immersive VR: A Media and Methods Experiment Br. J. Educ. Technol. 2020 51 2115 2138 10.1111/bjet.13029
Perkis A. Timmerer C. Baraković S. Husić J.B. Bech S. Bosse S. Botev J. Brunnström K. Cruz L. De Moor K. et al. QUALINET White Paper on Definitions of Immersive Media Experience (IMEx) European Network on Quality of Experience in Multimedia Systems and Services, 14th QUALINET Meeting (Online) OPUS Ultimo, Australia 2020
Reinhard R. Telatar E. Humayoun S.R. Comparison of Object Detection in Head-Mounted and Desktop Displays for Congruent and Incongruent Environments Big Data Cogn. Comput. 2022 6 28 10.3390/bdcc6010028
Ochs M. Mestre D. de Montcheuil G. Pergandi J.M. Saubesty J. Lombardo E. Francon D. Blache P. Training Doctors’ Social Skills to Break Bad News: Evaluation of the Impact of Virtual Environment Displays on the Sense of Presence J. Multimodal User Interfaces 2019 13 41 51 10.1007/s12193-018-0289-8
Makransky G. Terkildsen T.S. Mayer R.E. Adding Immersive Virtual Reality to A Science Lab Simulation Causes More Presence But Less Learning Learn. Instr. 2019 60 225 236 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.12.007
Buttussi F. Chittaro L. Effects of Different Types of Virtual Reality Display on Presence and Learning in a Safety Training Scenario IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 2018 24 1063 1076 10.1109/TVCG.2017.2653117
Cummings J.J. Bailenson J.N. How Immersive Is Enough? A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Immersive Technology on User Presence Media Psychol. 2016 19 272 309 10.1080/15213269.2015.1015740
Kim K. Rosenthal M.Z. Zielinski D.J. Brady R. Effects of Virtual Environment Platforms on Emotional Responses Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 2014 113 882 893 10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.12.024 24440136
Moreno R. Mayer R.E. Personalized Messages That Promote Science Learning in Virtual Environments J. Educ. Psychol. 2004 96 165 173 10.1037/0022-0663.96.1.165
Jenks J.M. Kelly J.M. Don’t Do, Delegate! Ballantine Books New York, NY, USA 1986
Moore F.G. The Management of Organizations University of California Berkeley, CA, USA 1982
Castelfranchi C. Falcone R. Towards a Theory of Delegation for Agent-Based Systems Robot. Auton. Syst. 1998 24 141 157 10.1016/S0921-8890(98)00028-1
Fügener A. Grahl J. Gupta A. Ketter W. Cognitive Challenges in Human–Artificial Intelligence Collaboration: Investigating the Path Toward Productive Delegation Inf. Syst. Res. 2021 33 678 696 10.1287/isre.2021.1079
Schneider S. Leyer M. Me or Information Technology? Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in the Delegation of Personal Strategic Decisions Manag. Decis. Econ. 2019 40 223 231 10.1002/mde.2982
Freisinger E. Schneider S. Only a Coward Hides Behind AI? Preferences in Surrogate, Moral Decision-Making Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Information Systems Austin, TX, USA 12–15 December 2021
Leyer M. Oberlaender A. Dootson P. Kowalkiewicz M. Decision-Making with Artificial Intelligence: Towards a Novel Conceptualization of Patterns Proceedings of the 24th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems Dubai, United Arab Emirates 22–24 June 2020
Yu B. Vahidov R. Kersten G.E. Acceptance of Technological Agency: Beyond the Perception of Utilitarian Value Inf. Manag. 2021 58 103503 10.1016/j.im.2021.103503
Sun N. Botev J. Why Do We Delegate to Intelligent Virtual Agents? Influencing Factors on Delegation Decisions Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction Virtual 9–11 November 2021 386 390
Sun N. Botev J. Khaluf Y. Simoens P. Theory of Mind and Delegation to Robotic Virtual Agents Proceedings of the 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot & Human Interactive Communication Naples, Italy 29 August–2 September 2022 454 460
Candrian C. Scherer A. Rise of The Machines: Delegating Decisions to Autonomous AI Comput. Hum. Behav. 2022 134 107308 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107308
Mayer R.C. Davis J.H. Schoorman D. An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust Acad. Manag. Rev. 1995 20 709 734 10.2307/258792
Gur N. Bjørnskov C. Trust and Delegation: Theory and Evidence J. Comp. Econ. 2017 45 644 657 10.1016/j.jce.2016.02.002
Aggarwal P. Mazumdar T. Decision Delegation: A Conceptualization and Empirical Investigation Psychol. Mark. 2008 25 71 93 10.1002/mar.20201
Fernández Domingos E. Terrucha I. Suchon R. Grujić J. Burguillo J.C. Santos F.C. Lenaerts T. Delegation to Artificial Agents Fosters Prosocial Behaviors in the Collective Risk Dilemma Sci. Rep. 2022 12 8492 10.1038/s41598-022-11518-9 35589759
Fügener A. Grahl J. Gupta A. Ketter W. Taudien A. Exploring User Heterogeneity in Human Delegation Behavior Towards AI Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Information Systems Austin, TX, USA 12–15 December 2021
Murray J.H. Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace 2nd ed. MIT Press Cambridge, MA, USA 2017
Nilsson N.C. Nordahl R. Serafin S. Immersion Revisited: A Review of Existing Definitions of Immersion and Their Relation to Different Theories of Presence Hum. Technol. 2016 12 108 134 10.17011/ht/urn.201611174652
Slater M. Wilbur S. A Framework for Immersive Virtual Environments (FIVE): Speculations on the Role of Presence in Virtual Environments Presence 1997 6 603 616 10.1162/pres.1997.6.6.603
Slater M. A Note on Presence Terminology Presence Connect 2003 3 1 5
Krokos E. Plaisant C. Varshney A. Virtual Memory Palaces: Immersion Aids Recall Virtual Real. 2019 23 1 15 10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3
Pollard K.A. Oiknine A.H. Files B.T. Sinatra A.M. Patton D. Ericson M. Thomas J. Khooshabeh P. Level of Immersion Affects Spatial Learning in Virtual Environments: Results of a Three-Condition Within-Subjects Study with Long Intersession Intervals Virtual Real. 2020 24 783 796 10.1007/s10055-019-00411-y
Henderson S.J. Feiner S. Evaluating the Benefits of Augmented Reality for Task Localization in Maintenance of an Armored Personnel Carrier Turret Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Orlando, FL, USA 19–22 October 2009 135 144
Odenthal B. Mayer M.P. Kabuß W. Schlick C.M. A Comparative Study of Head-Mounted and Table-Mounted Augmented Vision Systems for Assembly Error Detection Hum. Factors Ergon. Manuf. Serv. Ind. 2014 24 105 123 10.1002/hfm.20364
Simon S.C. Greitemeyer T. The Impact of Immersion on the Perception of Pornography: A Virtual Reality Study Comput. Hum. Behav. 2019 93 141 148 10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.018
Pallavicini F. Pepe A. Comparing Player Experience in Video Games Played in Virtual Reality or on Desktop Displays: Immersion, Flow, and Positive Emotions Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Companion Extended Abstracts Barcelona, Spain 22–25 October 2019 195 210
Pejsa T. Gleicher M. Mutlu B. Who, Me? How Virtual Agents Can Shape Conversational Footing in Virtual Reality Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Stockholm, Sweden 27–30 August 2017 347 359
Miller H.L. Bugnariu N.L. Level of Immersion in Virtual Environments Impacts the Ability to Assess and Teach Social Skills in Autism Spectrum Disorder Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 2016 19 246 256 10.1089/cyber.2014.0682
Hepperle D. Ödell H. Wölfel M. Differences in the Uncanny Valley Between Head-Mounted Displays and Monitors Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Cyberworlds Caen, France 29 September–1 October 2020 41 48
Madeira T. Marques B. Neves P. Dias P. Santos B.S. Comparing Desktop vs. Mobile Interaction for the Creation of Pervasive Augmented Reality Experiences J. Imaging 2022 8 79 10.3390/jimaging8030079 35324634
Plechatá A. Sahula V. Fayette D. Fajnerová I. Age-Related Differences With Immersive and Non-immersive Virtual Reality in Memory Assessment Front. Psychol. 2019 10 1330 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01330 31244729
Feng Y. Duives D.C. Hoogendoorn S.P. Wayfinding Behaviour in A Multi-Level Building: A Comparative Study of HMD VR and Desktop VR Adv. Eng. Inform. 2022 51 101475 10.1016/j.aei.2021.101475
Sousa S.B. Dias P. Pimentel A. Baggerman J.W. Ferreira C. Silva S. Madeira J. Head-Mounted Display Versus Desktop for 3D Navigation in Virtual Reality: A User Study Multimed. Tools Appl. 2008 41 161 10.1007/s11042-008-0223-2
Cao S. Nandakumar K. Babu R. Thompson B. Game Play in Virtual Reality Driving Simulation Involving Head-Mounted Display and Comparison to Desktop Display Virtual Real. 2020 24 503 513 10.1007/s10055-019-00412-x
Gamito P. Oliveira J. Santos N. Pacheco J. Morais D. Saraiva T. Soares F. Mayor C.S. Barata A.F. Virtual Exercises to Promote Cognitive Recovery in Stroke Patients: The Comparison Between Head Mounted Displays Versus Screen Exposure Methods Int. J. Disabil. Hum. Dev. 2014 13 337 342 10.1515/ijdhd-2014-0325
Hattab G. Hatzipanayioti A. Klimova A. Pfeiffer M. Klausing P. Breucha M. Bechtolsheim F.v. Helmert J.R. Weitz J. Pannasch S. et al. Investigating the Utility of VR for Spatial Understanding in Surgical Planning: Evaluation of Head-Mounted to Desktop Display Sci. Rep. 2021 11 13440 10.1038/s41598-021-92536-x
Peukert C. Pfeiffer J. Meißner M. Pfeiffer T. Weinhardt C. Shopping in Virtual Reality Stores: The Influence of Immersion on System Adoption J. Manag. Inf. Syst. 2019 36 755 788 10.1080/07421222.2019.1628889
Olmos-Raya E. Ferreira-Cavalcanti J. Contero M. Castellanos M.C. Giglioli I.A.C. Alcañiz M. Mobile Virtual Reality as an Educational Platform: A Pilot Study on the Impact of Immersion and Positive Emotion Induction in the Learning Process J. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ. 2018 14 2045 2057
Ermi L. Mäyrä F. Fundamental Components of the Gameplay Experience: Analyzing Immersion Proceedings of the 2nd DiGRA International Conference Vancouver, BC, Canada 16–20 June 2005 15 57
McMahan A. Immersion, Engagement, and Presence: A Method for Analyzing 3-D Video Games The Video Game Theory Reader Wolf M.J. Perron B. Routledge Abingdon-on-Thames, UK 2013 67 86
Borel E. La Théorie du Jeu et les Équations Intégrales a Noyau Symétrique Comptes Rendus L’Académie Sci. 1921 173 58
Allen M.S. Iliescu D. Greiff S. Single Item Measures in Psychological Science Eur. J. Psychol. Assess. 2022 38 1 5 10.1027/1015-5759/a000699
Ang L. Eisend M. Single Versus Multiple Measurement of Attitudes: A Meta-Analysis of Advertising Studies Validates the Single-Item Measure Approach J. Advert. Res. 2018 58 218 227 10.2501/JAR-2017-001
Jennett C. Cox A.L. Cairns P. Dhoparee S. Epps A. Tijs T. Walton A. Measuring and Defining the Experience of Immersion in Games Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 2008 66 641 661 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2008.04.004
Yukl G. Fu P. Determinants of Delegation and Consultation by Managers J. Organ. Behav. 1999 20 219 232 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199903)20:2<219::AID-JOB922>3.0.CO;2-8
Sun N. Botev J. Virtual Agent Representation for Critical Transactions Proceedings of the 13rd International Workshop on Immersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems Istanbul, Turkey 28 September 2021 25 29
Payne J. Szymkowiak A. Robertson P. Johnson G. Gendering the Machine: Preferred Virtual Assistant Gender and Realism in Self-Service Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Edinburgh, UK 29–31 August 2013 106 115
Lee J. Moray N. Trust, Control Strategies and Allocation of Function in Human-Machine Systems Ergonomics 1992 35 1243 1270 10.1080/00140139208967392
Jian J.Y. Bisantz A.M. Drury C.G. Foundations for an Empirically Determined Scale of Trust in Automated Systems Int. J. Cogn. Ergon. 2000 4 53 71 10.1207/S15327566IJCE0401_04
Aron A. Aron E.N. Smollan D. Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale and the Structure of Interpersonal Closeness J. Personal. Soc. Psychol. 1992 63 596 10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.596
Hove M.J. Risen J.L. It’s All in the Timing: Interpersonal Synchrony Increases Affiliation Soc. Cogn. 2009 27 949 960 10.1521/soco.2009.27.6.949
Wiltermuth S.S. Heath C. Synchrony and Cooperation Psychol. Sci. 2009 20 1 5 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x
Ranjbartabar H. Richards D. Bilgin A.A. Kutay C. First Impressions Count! The Role of the Human’s Emotional State on Rapport Established With an Empathic Versus Neutral Virtual Therapist IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput. 2019 12 788 800 10.1109/TAFFC.2019.2899305
Raffard S. Salesse R.N. Bortolon C. Bardy B.G. Henriques J. Marin L. Stricker D. Capdevielle D. Using Mimicry of Body Movements by a Virtual Agent To Increase Synchronization Behavior and Rapport in Individuals With Schizophrenia Sci. Rep. 2018 8 17356 10.1038/s41598-018-35813-6 30478284
Cerekovic A. Aran O. Gatica-Perez D. How Do You Like Your Virtual Agent? Human-Agent Interaction Experience Through Nonverbal Features and Personality Traits Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Human Behavior Understanding Zurich, Switzerland 12 September 2014 1 15
Sun N. Botev J. Simoens P. The Effect of Rapport on Delegation to Virtual Agents Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents Würzburg, Germany 19–22 September 2023