[en] Optimal allocation of shared resources is key to deliver the promise of jointly operating radar and communications systems. In this paper, unlike prior works which examine synergistic access to resources in colocated joint radar-communications or among identical systems, we investigate this problem for a distributed system comprising heterogeneous radars and multi-tier communications. In particular, we focus on resource allocation in the context of multi-target tracking (MTT) while maintaining stable communications connections. By simultaneously allocating the available power, dwell time and shared bandwidth, we improve the MTT performance under a Bayesian tracking framework and guarantee the communications throughput. Our a lter n ating allo c ation of h eterogene o us r esources (ANCHOR) approach solves the resulting non-convex problem based on the alternating optimization method that monotonically improves the Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound. Numerical experiments demonstrate that ANCHOR significantly improves the tracking error over two baseline allocations and stability under different target scenarios and radar-communications network distributions.
Disciplines :
Computer science
Author, co-author :
Wu, Linlong
Mishra, Kumar Vijay
Mysore Rama Rao, Bhavani Shankar ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SPARC
Ottersten, Björn ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)
Ottersten, Björn ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
Resource Allocation in Heterogeneously-Distributed Joint Radar-Communications Under Asynchronous Bayesian Tracking Framework
K. V. Mishra, M. R. Bhavani Shankar, V. Koivunen, B. Ottersten, and S. A. Vorobyov, "Toward millimeter-wave joint radar communications: A signal processing perspective, " IEEE Signal Process. Mag., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 100-114, Sep. 2019.
F. Liu, C. Masouros, A. P. Petropulu, H. Griffiths, and L. Hanzo, "Joint radar and communication design: Applications, state-of-The-Art, and the road ahead, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 3834-3862, Jun. 2020.
M. I. Skolnik, Radar Handbook, 3rd ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2008.
J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, Digital Communications, 5th ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 2008.
Z. Khan, J. J. Lehtomaki, R. Vuohtoniemi, E. Hossain, and L. A. DaSilva, "On opportunistic spectrum access in radar bands: Lessons learned from measurement of weather radar signals, " IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 40-48, Jun. 2016.
Y. Cui, V. Koivunen, and X. Jing, "Interference alignment based spectrum sharing for MIMO radar and communication systems, " in Proc. IEEE 19th Int. Workshop Signal Process. Adv. Wireless Commun. (SPAWC), Jun. 2018, pp. 1-5.
A. Ayyar and K. V. Mishra, "Robust communications-centric coexistence for turbo-coded OFDM with non-Traditional radar interference models, " in Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RadarConf), Apr. 2019, pp. 1-6.
L. Wu and D. P. Palomar, "Sequence design for spectral shaping via minimization of regularized spectral level ratio, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 67, no. 18, pp. 4683-4695, Sep. 2019.
S. H. Dokhanchi, B. S. Mysore, K. V. Mishra, and B. Ottersten, "A mmWave automotive joint radar-communications system, " IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 1241-1260, Jun. 2019.
F. Liu, L. Zhou, C. Masouros, A. Li, W. Luo, and A. Petropulu, "Toward dual-functional radar-communication systems: Optimal waveform design, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 66, no. 16, pp. 4264-4279, Aug. 2018.
F. Liu et al., "Integrated sensing and communications: Towards dual-functional wireless networks for 6G and beyond, " Aug. 2021, arXiv:2108.07165. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07165
H. Shajaiah, A. Khawar, A. Abdel-Hadi, and T. C. Clancy, "Resource allocation with carrier aggregation in LTE advanced cellular system sharing spectrum with S-band radar, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Dyn. Spectr. Access Netw. (DYSPAN), Apr. 2014, pp. 34-37.
P. S. Tan, J. M. Stiles, and S. D. Blunt, "Optimizing sparse allocation for radar spectrum sharing, " in Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RadarConf), May 2016, pp. 1-6.
M. Scharrenbroich and M. Zatman, "Joint radar-communications resource management, " in Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RadarConf), May 2016, pp. 1-6.
B. Li and A. P. Petropulu, "Joint transmit designs for coexistence of MIMO wireless communications and sparse sensing radars in clutter, " IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 2846-2864, Dec. 2017.
A. Hassanien, M. G. Amin, E. Aboutanios, and B. Himed, "Dualfunction radar communication systems: A solution to the spectrum congestion problem, " IEEE Signal Process. Mag., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 115-126, Sep. 2019.
A. M. Elbir, K. V. Mishra, and S. Chatzinotas, "Terahertz-band joint ultra-massive MIMO radar-communications: Model-based and modelfree hybrid beamforming, " IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 1468-1483, Nov. 2021.
Q. He, Z. Wang, J. Hu, and R. S. Blum, "Performance gains from cooperative MIMO radar and MIMO communication systems, " IEEE Signal Process. Lett., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 194-198, Jan. 2019.
S. Sun, K. V. Mishra, and A. P. Petropulu, "Target estimation by exploiting low rank structure in widely separated MIMO radar, " in Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RadarConf), Apr. 2019, pp. 1-6.
S. Sedighi, K. V. Mishra, M. R. B. Shankar, and B. Ottersten, "Localization with one-bit passive radars in narrowband internet-of-Things using multivariate polynomial optimization, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 69, pp. 2525-2540, 2021.
J. Liu, K. V. Mishra, and M. Saquib, "Co-designing statistical MIMO radar and in-band full-duplex multi-user MIMO communications, " 2020, arXiv:2006.14774.
G. Wang and K. V. Mishra, "Displaced sensor automotive radar imaging, " 2020, arXiv:2010.04085.
A. Ahmed, Y. D. Zhang, and B. Himed, "Distributed dual-function radarcommunication MIMO system with optimized resource allocation, " in Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RadarConf), Apr. 2019, pp. 1-5.
J. Yan, H. Liu, W. Pu, S. Zhou, Z. Liu, and Z. Bao, "Joint beam selection and power allocation for multiple target tracking in netted colocated MIMO radar system, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 64, no. 24, pp. 6417-6427, Dec. 2016.
J. Yan, W. Pu, H. Liu, S. Zhou, and Z. Bao, "Cooperative target assignment and dwell allocation for multiple target tracking in phased array radar network, " Signal Process., vol. 141, pp. 74-83, Dec. 2017.
J Yan, H. Liu, W. Pu, H. Liu, Z. Liu, and Z. Bao, "Joint threshold adjustment and power allocation for cognitive target tracking in asynchronous radar network, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 3094-3106, Jun. 2017.
J. Yan, W. Pu, S. Zhou, H. Liu, and M. S. Greco, "Optimal resource allocation for asynchronous multiple targets tracking in heterogeneous radar networks, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 68, pp. 4055-4068, 2020.
J. Yan, J. Dai, W. Pu, H. Liu, and M. Greco, "Target capacity based resource optimization for multiple target tracking in radar network, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 69, pp. 2410-2421, 2021.
S. Karimi-Bidhendi, J. Guo, and H. Jafarkhani, "Energy-efficient node deployment in heterogeneous two-Tier wireless sensor networks with limited communication range, " IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 40-55, Jan. 2021.
S. Karimi-Bidhendi, J. Guo, and H. Jafarkhani, "Energy-efficient deployment in static and mobile heterogeneous multi-hop wireless sensor networks, " IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., early access, Dec. 21, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2021.3135385.
L. Wu, K. V. Mishra, M. R. B. Shankar, and B. Ottersten, "Heterogeneously-distributed joint radar communications: Bayesian resource allocation, " in Proc. IEEE 22nd Int. Workshop Signal Process. Adv. Wireless Commun. (SPAWC), Sep. 2021, pp. 506-510.
R. Olfati-Saber and J. S. Shamma, "Consensus filters for sensor networks and distributed sensor fusion, " in Proc. 44th IEEE Conf. Decis. Control, Dec. 2005, pp. 6698-6703.
H. Chen, T. Kirunbarajan, and Y. Bar-Shalom, "Performance limits of track-To-Track fusion versus centralized estimation: Theory and application, " IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 386-400, Apr. 2003.
T. O. Olwal, K. Djouani, and A. M. Kurien, "A survey of resource management toward 5G radio access networks, " IEEE Commun. Surveys Tuts., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 1656-1686, 3rd Quart., 2016.
M. Hasan and E. Hossain, "Distributed resource allocation in D2Denabled multi-Tier cellular networks: An auction approach, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC), Jun. 2015, pp. 2949-2954.
B. D. Cordill, S. A. Seguin, and L. Cohen, "Electromagnetic interference to radar receivers due to in-band OFDM communications systems, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Electromagn. Compat., Aug. 2013, pp. 72-75.
J. Rodriguez-Fernandez and N. Gonzalez-Prelcic, "Channel estimation for frequency-selective mmWave MIMO systems with beam-squint, " in Proc. IEEE Global Commun. Conf. (GLOBECOM), Dec. 2018, pp. 1-6.
M. I. Skolnik, "Theoretical accuracy of radar measurements, " IRE Trans. Aeronaut. Navigational Electron., vol. ANE-7, no. 4, pp. 123-129, Dec. 1960.
P. Z. Peebles, Radar Principles. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2007.
I. Klein and Y. Bar-Shalom, "Tracking with asynchronous passive multisensor systems, " IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 1769-1776, Aug. 2016.
R. W. Osborne and Y. Bar-Shalom, "Statistical efficiency of composite position measurements from passive sensors, " IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 2799-2806, Oct. 2014.
Y. Bar-Shalom, X. R. Li, and T. Kirubarajan, Estimation With Applications to Tracking and Navigation: Theory Algorithms and Software. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2004.
J. Yan, B. Jiu, H. Liu, B. Chen, and Z. Bao, "Prior knowledgebased simultaneous multibeam power allocation algorithm for cognitive multiple targets tracking in clutter, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 512-527, Jan. 2015.
H. W. Kuhn, "The Hungarian method for the assignment problem, " Naval Res. Logist., vol. 2, nos. 1-2, pp. 83-97, Mar. 1995.
P. M. Pardalos and L. S. Pitsoulis, Nonlinear Assignment Problems: ALgorithms and Applications, vol. 7. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2013.
D. Henderson, S. H. Jacobson, and A. W. Johnson, "The theory and practice of simulated annealing, " in Handbook of Metaheuristics, 2nd ed. Boston, MA, USA: Springer, 2003, pp. 287-319.
B. Barazandeh, D. A. Tarzanagh, and G. Michailidis, "Solving a class of non-convex min-max games using adaptive momentum methods, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoust., Speech Signal Process. (ICASSP), Jun. 2021, pp. 14905-14916.
S. Lu, I. Tsaknakis, M. Hong, and Y. Chen, "Hybrid block successive approximation for one-sided non-convex min-max problems: Algorithms and applications, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 68, pp. 3676-3691, 2020.
M. Razaviyayn, M. Hong, and Z.-Q. Luo, "A unified convergence analysis of block successive minimization methods for nonsmooth optimization, " SIAM J. Optim., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 1126-1153, Jan. 2013.
M. Razaviyayn, T. Huang, S. Lu, M. Nouiehed, M. Sanjabi, and M. Hong, "Nonconvex min-max optimization: Applications, challenges, and recent theoretical advances, " IEEE Signal Process. Mag., vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 55-66, Sep. 2020.
H. P. Benson, "On the global optimization of sums of linear fractional functions over a convex set, " J. Optim. Theory Appl., vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 19-39, 2004.
J. E. Falk and S. W. Palocsay, "Optimizing the sum of linear fractional functions, " in Recent Advances in Global Optimization. Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton Univ. Press, 2014, pp. 221-258.
N. T. H. Phuong and H. Tuy, "A unified monotonic approach to generalized linear fractional programming, " J. Global Optim., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 229-259, Jul. 2003.
K. Shen and W. Yu, "Fractional programming for communication systems-Part I: Power control and beamforming, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 2616-2630, May 2018.
A. Meijerink and A. F. Molisch, "On the physical interpretation of the Saleh-Valenzuela model and the definition of its power delay profiles, " IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 9, pp. 4780-4793, Sep. 2014.
C. Gustafson, K. Haneda, S. Wyne, and F. Tufvesson, "On mm-wave multipath clustering and channel modeling, " IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 1445-1455, Mar. 2014.
H. Zhang, S. Venkateswaran, and U. Madhow, "Channel modeling and MIMO capacity for outdoor millimeter wave links, " in Proc. IEEE Wireless Commun. Netw. Conf., Apr. 2010, pp. 1-6.
R. E. Kalman, "A new approach to linear filtering and prediction problems, " Trans. ASME, D, J. Basic Eng., vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 35-45, 1960.
A. Flores, R. C. de Lamare, and K. V. Mishra, "Rate-splitting meets cell-free MIMO communications, " 2021, arXiv:2112.00884.
J. M. Danskin, The Theory of Max-Min and its Application to Weapons Allocation Problems, vol. 5. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2012.
C. Jin, P. Netrapalli, and M. Jordan, "What is local optimality in nonconvex-nonconcave minimax optimization, " in Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn., 2020, pp. 4880-4889.