active matter; lipid droplets; phytoplankton; swimming; morphology; biophysics
Abstract :
[en] Nutrient availability, along with light and temperature, drives marine primary production. The ability to migrate vertically, a critical trait of motile phytoplankton, allows species to optimize nutrient uptake, storage, and growth. However, this traditional view discounts the possibility that migration in nutrient-limited waters may be actively modulated by the emergence of energy-storing organelles. Here, we report that bloom-forming raphidophytes harness energy-storing cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) to biomechanically regulate vertical migration in nutrient-limited settings. LDs grow and translocate directionally within the cytoplasm, steering strain-specific shifts in the speed, trajectory, and stability of swimming cells. Nutrient reincorporation restores their swimming traits, mediated by an active reconfiguration of LD size and coordinates. A mathematical model of cell mechanics establishes the mechanistic coupling between intracellular changes and emergent migratory behavior. Amenable to the associated photophysiology, LD-governed behavioral shift highlights an exquisite microbial strategy toward niche expansion and resource optimization in nutrient-limited oceans.
Sengupta, Anupam ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Physics and Materials Science (DPHYMS)
Dhar, Jayabrata ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Physics and Materials Science (DPHYMS)
Danza, Francesco ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication (FSTC) > Physics and Materials Science Research Unit
Ghoshal, Arkajyoti ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Physics and Materials Science (DPHYMS)
Müller, Elisabeth; University of Basel
Kakavand, Narges ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Physics and Materials Science (DPHYMS)
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
Active reconfiguration of cytoplasmic lipid droplets governs migration of nutrient-limited phytoplankton
Publication date :
04 November 2022
Journal title :
Science Advances
ISSN :
2375-2548
Publisher :
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Washington, United States - District of Columbia
FNR11572821 - Biophysics Of Microbial Adaptation To Fluctuations In The Environment, 2017 (15/05/2018-14/05/2023) - Anupam Sengupta
Funders :
FNR - Fonds National de la Recherche [LU] Human Frontier Science Program Cross-Disciplinary Fellowship Swiss National Science Foundation Mobility Grant
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