UC Updatable Databases and Applications

DAMODARAN, Aditya Shyam Shankar; RIAL, Alfredo

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UC Updatable Databases and Applications

DAMODARAN, Aditya Shyam Shankar; RIAL, Alfredo

2020 • In 12th International Conference on Cryptology

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https://hdl.handle.net/10993/42984

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Keywords :

Vector commitments; ZK proofs; universal composability

Abstract :

[en] We define an ideal functionality $\Functionality_{\UD}$ and a construction $\mathrm{\Pi_{\UD}}$ for an updatable database ($\UD$). $\UD$ is a two-party protocol between an updater and a reader. The updater sets the database and updates it at any time throughout the protocol execution. The reader computes zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs of knowledge of database entries. These proofs prove that a value is stored at a certain position in the database, without revealing the position or the value. (Non-)updatable databases are implicitly used as building block in priced oblivious transfer, privacy-preserving billing and other privacy-preserving protocols. Typically, in those protocols the updater signs each database entry, and the reader proves knowledge of a signature on a database entry. Updating the database requires a revocation mechanism to revoke signatures on outdated database entries. Our construction $\mathrm{\Pi_{\UD}}$ uses a non-hiding vector commitment (NHVC) scheme. The updater maps the database to a vector and commits to the database. This commitment can be updated efficiently at any time without needing a revocation mechanism. ZK proofs for reading a database entry have communication and amortized computation cost independent of the database size. Therefore, $\mathrm{\Pi_{\UD}}$ is suitable for large databases. We implement $\mathrm{\Pi_{\UD}}$ and our timings show that it is practical. In existing privacy-preserving protocols, a ZK proof of a database entry is intertwined with other tasks, e.g., proving further statements about the value read from the database or the position where it is stored. $\Functionality_{\UD}$ allows us to improve modularity in protocol design by separating those tasks. We show how to use $\Functionality_{\UD}$ as building block of a hybrid protocol along with other functionalities.

Research center :

Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT) > Applied Security and Information Assurance Group (APSIA)

Disciplines :

Computer science

Author, co-author :

DAMODARAN, Aditya Shyam Shankar ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)

RIAL, Alfredo ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)

External co-authors :

Language :

English

Title :

UC Updatable Databases and Applications

Publication date :

2020

Event name :

AFRICACRYPT 2020

Event date :

From 20-07-2020 to 22-07-2020

Audience :

International

Main work title :

12th International Conference on Cryptology

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Focus Area :

Security, Reliability and Trust

FnR Project :

FNR11650748 - Stateful Zero-knowledge, 2017 (01/03/2018-28/02/2021) - Alfredo Rial

Name of the research project :

SZK

Funders :

FNR - Fonds National de la Recherche

Available on ORBilu :

since 17 April 2020

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