An Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for a Real-World Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem

Traditional planning and scheduling techniques still hold important roles in modern smart scheduling systems. Realistic features present in modern manufacturing systems need to be incorporated into these techniques. The real-world problem addressed here is an extension of flexible job shop scheduling problem and is issued from the modern printing and boarding industry. The precedence between operations of each job is given by an arbitrary directed acyclic graph rather than a linear order. In this paper, we extend the traditional FJSP solutions representation to address the parallel operations. We propose an imperialist competitive algorithm for the problem. Several instances are used for the experiments and the results show that, for the considered instances, the proposed algorithm is faster and found better or equal solutions compared to the state-of-the-art algorithms.