Struggling for the Future, Burdened by the Past: Croatia’s Relations with the United Kingdom from Independence to Brexit

Apart from relations with its neighbours, Croatia’s relations with the United Kingdom (UK) were
undoubtedly its greatest international challenge since it won its independence in the early 1990s.
Relations between the two countries during this period were frequently strained partly due to
Zagreb’s democratic shortcomings, but partly also due to competing visions of post-Cold War
Southeast Europe and due to long-lasting biases rooted in Croatia’s and Britain’s conflicting policies
during Yugoslavia’s breakup and wars. Croatia’s accession to the EU in 2013 offered an opportunity
for the two countries to leave the burdens of their past behind, since Zagreb and London had similar preferences on a number of crucial EU policy fronts. However, Brexit changed everything. Croatia’s future relations with the UK are likely to be determined by the nature of Brexit negotiations and the evolution of British policy toward the pace and direction of EU integration.