[en] APOBEC proteins can deaminate cytosine residues in DNA and RNA. This can lead to somatic mutations, DNA breaks, RNA modifications, or DNA demethylation in a selective manner. APOBECs function in various cellular compartments and recognize different nucleic acid motifs and structures. They orchestrate a wide array of genomic and epigenomic modifications, thereby affecting various cellular functions positively or negatively, including immune editing, viral and retroelement restriction, DNA damage responses, DNA demethylation, gene expression, and tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, the cumulative increase in genomic and epigenomic editing with aging could also, at least in part, be attributed to APOBEC function. We synthesize our cumulative understanding of APOBEC activity in a unifying overview and discuss their genomic and epigenomic impact in physiological, pathological, and technological contexts.
Disciplines :
Human health sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Cervantes-Gracia, Karla; Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
Gramalla-Schmitz, Anna; Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
Weischedel, Julian; Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
CHAHWAN, Richard ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (DHML) ; Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland. Electronic address: richard.chahwan@uzh.ch
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
APOBECs orchestrate genomic and epigenomic editing across health and disease.
The authors wish to thank Profs Matthew Scharff and Christian M\u00FCnz, Dr Emanuela Felley-Bosco, and Lisa Rieble for their insightful comments. This work was supported by a Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia ( CONACYT ) scholarship (to K.C.G.), a Swiss Excellence scholarship (to J.W.), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC; BB/N017773/2 to R.C.), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF; CRSK-3_190550 to R.C.), the Rosetrees Trust Fund (M713 to R.C.), and the University of Z\u00FCrich Research Priority Program (URPP \u2013 Translational Cancer Research to R.C.).
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