Current and Future Challenges Faced by Third-Country Nationals Who Want to Access the Labour Market in the European Union: The Case of Luxembourg

Skill shortages have become obvious in many European countries during the last few years, when specific sectors required more skilled personnel. In this article, we analyse the ongoing discussion regarding whether skill shortages can be addressed by hiring third-country nationals from abroad or reskilling or upskilling job seekers inside the country. The analysis is based on EMN studies, official documents, and other publicly available sources and focusses on Luxembourg as a case study. It describes the challenges faced by Luxembourg as a small but economically viable country and which pathways are used to attract skilled workers.