2.5D Inductive Intertwined Frequency Selective Surface for Band-Pass and High Miniaturization Applications

filters; Frequency selective surfaces; intertwined structures; metasurfaces; miniaturization; Band pass; Design measurements; Detailed design; Filter; Frequency-selective surfaces; Fundamental harmonic; Intertwined structure; Metasurface; Miniaturisation; Unit cells; Computer Science (all); Materials Science (all); Engineering (all); Harmonic analysis; Inductance; Equivalent circuits; Periodic structures; Integrated circuit modeling; Capacitance; Band-pass filters; Substrates; Resonant frequency

Abstract :

[en] This paper presents a detailed design, simulation, measurement, and validation of an Inductive Intertwined Frequency Selective Surface (IIFSS) employing a 2.5D configuration (2.5DIIFSS). The proposed unit cell achieves high miniaturization, with dimensions as small as 0.0096 λ 0 × 0.0096 λ 0 at 0.268 GHz, using 4 vias per unit cell. The compact design delivers a fractional bandwidth of 87% for the passband associated with the fundamental harmonic. Additionally, the unique 2.5D configuration introduces extra inductance and capacitance, effectively shifting higher harmonics to higher frequencies, thus maintaining a stable stop band beyond the fundamental harmonic. The angular stability analysis reveals minimal variation up to an incidence angle of 60° for both TE and TM modes across the fundamental harmonic. To elucidate the underlying physics, an equivalent circuit model was developed, accurately capturing the fundamental harmonic behavior of the structure. To further validate the design and demonstrate its scalability, a prototype was designed and fabricated for operation at 2.4 GHz, addressing the measurement challenges associated with the original 0.268 GHz design. This prototype was rigorously tested in a transmission regime, with measurement results showing good agreement with simulation data, thereby confirming the efficacy and practicality of the proposed design.

Precision for document type :

Review article

Disciplines :

Electrical & electronics engineering

Author, co-author :

VASQUEZ-PERALVO, Juan Andres ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SigCom

Chueca Lasheras, Rocio ; Aragon Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Photonics Technologies Group, Zaragoza, Spain

MERLANO DUNCAN, Juan Carlos ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SigCom

Zhang, Shuai ; Aalborg University, Antenna, Propagation and Millimeterwave Systems (APMS) Section, Aalborg, Denmark

Pechac, Pavel ; Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electromagnetic Field, Prague, Czech Republic

Kabourek, Václav; Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electromagnetic Field, Prague, Czech Republic

CHATZINOTAS, Symeon ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SigCom

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

2.5D Inductive Intertwined Frequency Selective Surface for Band-Pass and High Miniaturization Applications

Publication date :

28 January 2025

Journal title :

IEEE Access

ISSN :

2169-3536

Publisher :

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

Volume :

Pages :

22156 - 22165

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx8/6287639/10820123/10856007.pdf?arnumber=10856007

Funders :

Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR), through the CORE Project (C³): Cosmic Communications Constructions

Funding number :

C23/IS/18116142

Funding text :

This work was supported by the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR), through the CORE Project (C3): Cosmic Communications Constructions, under Grant C23/IS/18116142

Available on ORBilu :

since 02 December 2025

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