Weighted Codebook Scheme for RIS-Assisted Point-to-Point MIMO Communications

channel training; codebook scheme; Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS); Channel trainings; Code-words; Codebook scheme; Codebooks; Fourier; Multiple-input multiple-output communications; Reconfigurable; Reconfigurable intelligent surface; Reflecting elements; Wireless channel; Control and Systems Engineering; Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Training; Array signal processing; Discrete Fourier transforms; Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces; MIMO; Vectors; Uplink; Downlink; Channel estimation; Channel capacity

Abstract :

[en] Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) can reshape the characteristics of wireless channels by intelligently regulating the phase shifts of reflecting elements. Recently, various codebook schemes have been utilized to optimize the reflection coefficients (RCs); however, the selection of the optimal codeword is usually obtained by evaluating a metric of interest. In this letter, we propose a novel weighted design on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) codebook to obtain the optimal RCs for RIS-assisted point-to-point multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Specifically, we first introduce a channel training protocol where we configure the RIS RCs using the DFT codebook to obtain a set of observations through the uplink training process. Secondly, based on these observed samples, the Lagrange multiplier method is utilized to optimize the weights in an iterative manner, which could result in a higher channel capacity for assisting in the downlink data transmission. Thirdly, we investigate the effect of different codeword configuration orders on system performance and design an efficient codeword configuration method based on statistical channel state information (CSI). Finally, numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme.

Disciplines :

Computer science

Author, co-author :

Yu, Zhiheng ; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Chengdu, China ; Yibin Institute of UESTC, Yibin, China

An, Jiancheng ; Nanyang Technological University, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Singapore, Singapore

Gan, Lu ; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Chengdu, China ; Yibin Institute of UESTC, Yibin, China

Li, Hongbin ; Stevens Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hoboken, United States

CHATZINOTAS, Symeon ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SigCom ; Kyung Hee University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Yongin, South Korea

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

Weighted Codebook Scheme for RIS-Assisted Point-to-Point MIMO Communications

Publication date :

11 March 2025

Journal title :

IEEE Wireless Communications Letters

ISSN :

2162-2337

eISSN :

2162-2345

Publisher :

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

1571 - 1575

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielam/5962382/10994681/10922205-aam.pdf

Funders :

National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Science Foundation

Funding text :

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 62471096. The work of Hongbin Li was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant CCF-2316865, Grant ECCS-2212940, and Grant ECCS-2332534.

Available on ORBilu :

since 14 November 2025

Statistics

Number of views

40 (1 by Unilu)

Number of downloads

8 (0 by Unilu)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

WoS citations^™

Bibliography

J. An, C. Xu, L. Gan, and L. Hanzo, “Low-complexity channel estimation and passive beamforming for RIS-assisted MIMO systems relying on discrete phase shifts,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 1245–1260, Feb. 2022.
Y. Yao, Z. Zhu, P. Miao, X. Cheng, F. Shu, and J. Wang, “Optimizing hybrid RIS-aided ISAC systems in V2X networks: A deep reinforcement learning method for anti-eavesdropping techniques,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., early access, Feb. 6, 2025, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2025.3538471.
E. Shi et al., “RIS-aided cell-free massive MIMO systems for 6G: Fundamentals, system design, and applications,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 112, no. 4, pp. 331–364, Apr. 2024.
J. An et al., “Stacked intelligent metasurface-aided MIMO transceiver design,” IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 123–131, Aug. 2024.
X. Wei, D. Shen, and L. Dai, “Channel estimation for RIS assisted wireless communications—Part I: Fundamentals, solutions, and future opportunities,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 1398–1402, May 2021.
C. Xu et al., “Antenna selection for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces: A transceiver-agnostic passive beamforming configuration,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 7756–7774, Nov. 2023.
Q. Wu, X. Zhou, W. Chen, J. Li, and X. Zhang, “IRS-aided WPCNs: A new optimization framework for dynamic IRS beamforming,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 4725–4739, Jul. 2022.
D. Gunasinghe and G. A. A. Baduge, “Achievable rate analysis for multi-cell RIS-aided massive MIMO with statistical CSI-based optimizations,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 8117–8135, Aug. 2024.
J. An et al., “Codebook-based solutions for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and their open challenges,” IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 134–141, Apr. 2024.
J. An, C. Xu, L. Wang, Y. Liu, L. Gan, and L. Hanzo, “Joint training of the superimposed direct and reflected links in reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted multiuser communications,” IEEE Trans. Green Commun. Netw., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 739–754, Jun. 2022.
X. Jia, J. An, H. Liu, H. Liao, L. Gan, and C. Yuen, “Environment-aware codebook for reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided MISO communications,” IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 1174–1178, Jul. 2023.
Z. Yu, J. An, E. Basar, L. Gan, and C. Yuen, “Environment-aware codebook design for RIS-assisted MU-MISO communications: Implementation and performance analysis,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 72, no. 12, pp. 7466–7479, Dec. 2024.
S. Lv, Y. Liu, X. Xu, A. Nallanathan, and A. L. Swindlehurst, “RIS-aided near-field MIMO communications: Codebook and beam training design,” Sep. 2023, arXiv:2310.00294.
F. Wang et al., “Ring-type codebook design for reconfigurable intelligent surface near-field beamforming,” in Proc. IEEE 33rd Annu. Int. Symp. Pers., Indoor Mobile Radio Commun. (PIMRC), Sep. 2022, pp. 391–396.
N. K. Kundu, Z. Li, J. Rao, S. Shen, M. R. McKay, and R. Murch, “Optimal grouping strategy for reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted wireless communications,” IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 1082–1086, May 2022.
Z. Zhou, N. Ge, Z. Wang, and L. Hanzo, “Joint transmit precoding and reconfigurable intelligent surface phase adjustment: A decomposition-aided channel estimation approach,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 1228–1243, Feb. 2021.
O. E. Ayach, S. Rajagopal, S. Abu-Surra, Z. Pi, and R. W. Heath, “Spatially sparse precoding in millimeter wave MIMO systems,” IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1499–1513, Mar. 2014.