This article does not exactly replicate the final version published in the journal [Journal of Media Psychology]. It is not a copy of the original published article and is not suitable for citation.
[en] Research on warning labels printed on cigarette packages has shown that fear inducing health warnings might
provoke defensive responses. This study investigated whether reformulating statements into questions could
avoid defensive reactions. Smokers were presented with either warning labels formulated as questions,
textual warning labels, graphic warning labels, or no warning labels. Participants’ smoking-related risk
perception was higher after exposure to warning labels formulated as questions or no warning labels than
after exposure to textual or graphic warning labels. These results indicate that reformulating statements into
questions can avoid defensive responses elicited by textual- and graphic warning labels.
Disciplines :
Social, industrial & organizational psychology
Identifiers :
UNILU:UL-ARTICLE-2012-257
Author, co-author :
GLOCK, Sabine ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Languages, Culture, Media and Identities (LCMI)
Müller, Barbara C. N.; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands
Ritter, Simone; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands
Language :
English
Title :
Warning labels formulated as questions positively influence smoking related risk perception
