Development of nature-based sustainable passive technologies for treating and disinfecting municipal wastewater: Experiences from constructed wetlands and slow sand filter

MITTAL, Yamini; Srivastava, Pratiksha; Pandey, Sony; Yadav, Asheesh Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165320

Article (Scientific journals)

Development of nature-based sustainable passive technologies for treating and disinfecting municipal wastewater: Experiences from constructed wetlands and slow sand filter

MITTAL, Yamini; Srivastava, Pratiksha; Pandey, Sony et al.

2023 • In Science of the Total Environment, 900, p. 165320

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/10993/64038

DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165320

PubMed
37414182

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Keywords :

Disinfection; Municipal wastewater treatment; Constructed wetland; Constructed wetland integrated microbial fuel cell; Slow sand filter; Reuse

Abstract :

[en] There is an urgent need to develop low-cost technology for effective wastewater treatment and its further disinfection to the level that makes it economically useful. This work has designed and evaluated the various types of constructed wetlands (CWs) followed by a slow sand filter (SSF) for wastewater treatment and disinfection. The studied CWs were, CWs with gravels (CW-G), free water surface-CW (FWS-CWs), and CWs integrated microbial fuel cell (MFC) with granular graphite (CW-MFC-GG) planted with Canna indica plant species. These CWs were operated as secondary wastewater treatment technologies followed by SSF for disinfection purposes. The highest total coliform removal was observed in the combination of CW-MFC-GG-SSF which achieved a final concentration of 172 CFU/100 mL, whereas faecal coliform removal was 100 % with the combinations of CW-G-SSF and CW-MFC-GG-SSF, achieving 0 CFU/100 mL in the effluent. In contrast, FWS-SSF achieved the lowest total and faecal coliform removal attaining a final concentration of 542 CFU/100 mL and 240 CFU/100 mL, respectively. Furthermore, E. coli were detected as negative/absent in CW-G-SSF and CW-MFC-GG-SSF, while it was positive for FWS-SSF. In addition, the highest turbidity removal was achieved in CW-MFC-GG and SSF combination of 92.75 % from the municipal wastewater influent turbidity of 82.8 NTU. Furthermore, in terms of overall treatment performance of CW-G-SSF and CW-MFC-GG-SSF, these systems were able to treat 72.7 ± 5.5 % and 67.0 ± 2.4 % of COD and 92.3 % and 87.6 % of phosphate, respectively. Additionally, CW-MFC-GG also exhibited a power density of 85.71 mA/m3 and a current density of 25.71 mW/m3 with 700 Ω of internal resistance. Thus, CW-G and CW-MFC-GG followed by SSF could be a promising solution for enhanced disinfection and wastewater treatment.

Disciplines :

Civil engineering

Author, co-author :

MITTAL, Yamini ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM) > Department of Engineering (DoE)

Srivastava, Pratiksha

Pandey, Sony

Yadav, Asheesh Kumar

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

Development of nature-based sustainable passive technologies for treating and disinfecting municipal wastewater: Experiences from constructed wetlands and slow sand filter

Publication date :

2023

Journal title :

Science of the Total Environment

ISSN :

0048-9697

eISSN :

1879-1026

Publisher :

Elsevier, Amsterdam, Nl

Volume :

900

Pages :

165320

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723039438

Available on ORBilu :

since 03 February 2025

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