Article (Scientific journals)
Rocking disc electro-deposition of CuIn alloys, selenisation, and pinhole effect minimisation in CISe solar absorber layers
Cummings, Charles Y.; Zoppi, Guillaume; Forbes, Ian et al.
2012In Electrochimica Acta, 79, p. 141-147
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Keywords :
Solar cell; CIS; Copper indium diselenide; Electrodeposition; Photoelectrochemistry; Recombination; Pinhole; Etching; Hypochlorite; Voltammetry
Abstract :
[en] The co-electrodeposition of copper and indium from a pH 3 tartrate bath onto 4.8 cm × 2.5 cm Mo and MoSe2 substrates is studied and conditions are optimised for CuIn alloy films. Selenisation at ca. 500 °C for 30 min in selenium vapour gives CuInSe2 (or CISe). Mapping using the photo-electrochemical reduction of Eu(NO3)3 is used to asses the relative photoactivity as a function of position and surface treatment.Etching of detrimental CuxSe phases is investigated with 5% and 0.5% (w/w) aqueous KCN. The slower 0.5% (w/w) KCN etch allows better process control, and re-annealing at 500 °C for 30 min followed by further etching significantly improved the photo-activity. However, over the large area local pinhole recombination effects are substantial. An alternative low temperature film optimisation method is proposed based on (i) KCN over-etch, (ii) hypochlorite (5%, w/w) pinhole removal (Mo etch), and (iii) a final KCN etch to give good and more uniform activity.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Cummings, Charles Y.;  University of Bath
Zoppi, Guillaume;  Northumbria University
Forbes, Ian;  Northumbria University
Colombara, Diego ;  University of Bath > Department of Chemistry
Peter, Laurence M.;  University of Bath > Department of Chemistry
Marken, Frank;  University of Bath > Department of Chemistry
Language :
English
Title :
Rocking disc electro-deposition of CuIn alloys, selenisation, and pinhole effect minimisation in CISe solar absorber layers
Publication date :
September 2012
Journal title :
Electrochimica Acta
ISSN :
0013-4686
Publisher :
Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science
Volume :
79
Pages :
141-147
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Name of the research project :
Supergen: Photovoltaic Materials for the 21st Century EP/F029624/1
Funders :
EPSRC - Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [GB]
Available on ORBilu :
since 17 September 2013

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