Perspective: The Impact of Fasting and Caloric Restriction on Neurodegenerative Diseases in Humans.

Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; caloric restriction; elderly; fasting; human; ketogenic diet; mild cognitive impairment; multiple sclerosis; neurodegenerative disease; Food Science; Medicine (miscellaneous); Nutrition and Dietetics

Abstract :

[en] Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by the progressive functional and structural denaturation of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Despite the wide range of genetic predispositions, the increased emergence of these disorders has been associated with a variety of modifiable risk factors, including lifestyle factors. Diet has been shown to influence cognitive alterations in the elderly population with age-related brain pathologies, and specific dietary interventions might, therefore, confer preservatory protection to neural structures. Although Mediterranean and ketogenic diets have been studied, no clear guidelines have been implemented for the prevention or treatment of ND in clinical practice. Murine models have shown that intermittent fasting and caloric restriction (CR) can counteract disease processes in various age-related disorders, including NDs. The objective of this perspective is to provide a comprehensive, comparative overview of the available primary intervention studies on fasting and CR in humans with ND and to elucidate possible links between the mechanisms underlying the effects of fasting, CR, and the neuropathology of ND. We also included all currently available studies in older adults (with and without mild cognitive impairment) in which the primary endpoint was cognitive function to provide further insights into the feasibility and outcomes of such interventions. Overall, we conclude that nutritional intervention trials focusing on fasting and CR in humans with ND have been neglected, and more high-quality studies, including longitudinal clinical intervention trials, are urgently needed to elucidate the underlying immune-metabolic mechanisms in diet and ND.

Precision for document type :

Review article

Disciplines :

Food science

Author, co-author :

HANSEN, Bérénice ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) > Medical Translational Research

Roomp, Kirsten; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg

EBID, Hebah ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine > Medical Translational Research > Team Jochen SCHNEIDER

SCHNEIDER, Jochen ; University of Luxembourg > Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) > Medical Translational Research

External co-authors :

Language :

English

Title :

Perspective: The Impact of Fasting and Caloric Restriction on Neurodegenerative Diseases in Humans.

Publication date :

29 February 2024

Journal title :

Advances in Nutrition

ISSN :

2161-8313

eISSN :

2156-5376

Publisher :

Elsevier B.V., United States

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

100197

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2161831324000310?httpAccept=text/xml

Available on ORBilu :

since 13 May 2024

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