European Social Survey; Schwartz; averaging approach; cross-cultural; distribution approach; societal challenges; values; Psychology (all); General Psychology
Abstract :
[en] Empirical tests of Schwartz's theory of culture-level value priorities have predominantly been performed using an averaging approach-as values of the average individual in a culture. However, from a theory of measurement standpoint such an approach seems inadequate. We argue that the averaging approach is an insufficiently accurate methodology in capturing the compatibilities-incompatibilities between values of individuals within cultures. We propose an approach based on the distribution of values of individuals in a given culture-the distribution approach. Using data from two rounds of the European Social Survey, we show how frequencies of specific individual value priorities in a culture can be used toward the description of culture-level value preferences. We recommend a re-conceptualization of Schwartz's culture-level value theory to an orthogonal two-dimensional structure, namely as Alteration vs. Preservation and Amenability vs. Dominance, which we explain based on heterogeneity in socioecological indicators across countries. We conclude that societal challenges may influence the cultural value climate across countries.
Disciplines :
Social & behavioral sciences, psychology: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Witte, Erich H; Institute of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
STANCIU, Adrian ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences (DBCS) > Lifespan Development, Family and Culture ; Psychology and Methods, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany ; Institute for Gerontology, University of Vechta, Vechta, Germany
Boehnke, Klaus; Psychology and Methods, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany ; Center for Sociocultural Research, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
A New Empirical Approach to Intercultural Comparisons of Value Preferences Based on Schwartz's Theory.
KB’s contribution to this article was in part prepared within the framework of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and supported within the framework of a subsidy granted to the HSE by the Government of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the Global Competitiveness Program.
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