Agent-based modeling; Local electricity markets; Microgrids; Peer-to-peer energy trading; Agent-based model; Energy markets; Energy trading; Local electricity market; Microgrid; Peer to peer; Performance; Real-world; Renewable energy source; Building and Construction; Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment; Mechanical Engineering; Energy (all); Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law; General Energy
Abstract :
[en] The shift towards renewable energy sources (RES) in energy systems is becoming increasingly important. Residential energy generation and storage assets, smart home energy management systems, and peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading in microgrids can help integrate and balance decentralized renewable electricity supply with an increasingly electrified power, heat, and transport demand, reducing costs and CO2 emissions. However, these microgrids are difficult to model because they consist of autonomous and interacting entities, leading to emergent phenomena and a high degree of complexity. Agent-based modeling is an established technique to simulate the complexity of microgrids. However, the existing literature still lacks real-world implementation studies and, as a first step, models capable of validating the existing results with real-world data. To this end, we present an agent-based model and analyze the corresponding microgrid performance with real-world data. The model quantifies economic, technical, and environmental metrics to simulate microgrid performance holistically and, in line with state-of-the-art research, consists of self-interested, autonomous agents with specific load profiles, RES generation, and demand-response potential. The model can simulate a P2P marketplace where electricity is traded between agents. In the second part of the paper, we validate the model with data from a medium-sized German city. In this case study, we also compare microgrid performance in 2022, during the energy market crisis in Europe, with historical data from 2019 to assess the effects of energy market shocks. Our results show how microgrids with P2P trading can reduce electricity costs and CO2 emissions. However, our trading mechanism illustrates that the benefits of energy-community trading are almost exclusively shared among prosumers, highlighting the need to consider distributional issues when implementing P2P trading.
Research center :
Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT) > FINATRAX - Digital Financial Services and Cross-organizational Digital Transformations
Disciplines :
Management information systems Computer science
Author, co-author :
Madler, Jochen ; Research Center Finance & Information Management, Branch Business & Information Systems Engineering of the Fraunhofer FIT, Technical University of Munich, Germany
Harding, Sebastian; Research Center Finance & Information Management, Branch Business & Information Systems Engineering of the Fraunhofer FIT, University of Bayreuth, Germany
WEIBELZAHL, Martin ✱; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > FINATRAX ; Research Center Finance & Information Management, Branch Business & Information Systems Engineering of the Fraunhofer FIT, University of Bayreuth, Germany
✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
A multi-agent model of urban microgrids: Assessing the effects of energy-market shocks using real-world data
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the project supervision of the project management organization Projektträger Jülich (PtJ) for the Kopernikus-project "SynErgie" (Grant No. 03SFK3A3-2; 03SFK3T2-2). Responsibility for the contents remains solely with the authors.
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