Archeology (arts and humanities); Archeology; Digital Archaeology; Iraq; Kurdistan; Rock-Reliefs
Résumé :
[en] The Gundük rock relief ensemble in a cave located in the northern highlands of Iraq is probably the oldest known example of its kind in the Near East. First reported in the 19th century but never accurately documented, unfortunately two of the three known reliefs were intentionally damaged beyond repair in the decades to follow. This article presents a new art-historical analysis of the preserved third relief as well as a fourth previously unknown carving, based on recent photogrammetric capture. The images can be dated to the Early Dynastic III or Early Akkadian period with motifs, stylistic details and a composition obviously deriving from then-contemporaneous art in southern Mesopotamia.
Disciplines :
Archéologie
Auteur, co-auteur :
AGUILAR KONS, Juan Francisco ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences (FHSE) > Department of Humanities (DHUM) > History ; Heidelberg University [DE]
Miglus, Peter A.; Institut für Ur-und Frühgeschichte und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Co-auteurs externes :
yes
Langue du document :
Anglais
Titre :
Das dritte und vierte Relief von Gundük
Date de publication/diffusion :
décembre 2019
Titre du périodique :
Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie
Al-Amin, M. (1948): New archaeological discoveries in the North of Iraq, Sumer 4, 180-219 (arab.)
Amiet, P. (1980): La glyptique mesopotamienne archaique. Paris
Bachmann, W. (1927): Felsreliefs in Assyrien. Bawian, Maltai und Gunduk. WVDOG 52. Leipzig
Badger, Rev. G. P. (1852): The Nestorians and their Rituals: with the Narrative of a Mission to Mesopotamia and Coordistan in 1842-44, and of a Late Visit to those Countries in 1850, also Researches into the Present Condition of the Syrian Jacobites, Papal Syrians, and Chaldeans, and an Inquiry into the Religious Tenets of the Yezeedees. 2 vols. London
Boehmer, R. M. (1965): Die Entwicklung der Glyptik während der Akkad-Zeit. UAVA 4. Berlin
Boehmer, R. M. (1967): Die Entwicklung der Hornerkrone von ihren Anfangen bis zum Ende der Akkad-Zeit, BJVF 7, 273-291
Borker-Klahn, J. (1982): Altvorderasiatische Bildstelen und vergleichbare Felsreliefs. BagForsch 4. Mainz
Boese, J. (1971): Altmesopotamische Weihplatten. Eine sumerische Denkmalsgattung des 3. Jahrtausends v. Chr. UAVA 6. Berlin
Braun-Holzinger, E. A. (2013): Fruhe Gotterdarstellungen in Mesopotamien. OBO 261. Fribourg/Gottingen
Buccellati G./M. Kelly-Buccellati (2000): The royal palace of Urkesh. Report on the 12th season at Tell Mozan/Urkesh: Excavations in area AA, June-October 1999, MDOG 132, 133-183
Calmeyer, P. (1957-71): Gunduk, in: RlA 3, 722
Collon, D. (1982): Catalogue of the Western Asiatic seals in the British Museum. Cylinder seals II: Akkadian, Post Akkadian, Ur III periods. London
Frankfort, H. (1939): Sculpture of the third millennium B.C. from Tell Asmar and Khafajah. OIP 44. Chicago
Frankfort, H. (1943): More sculpture from the Diyala Region. OIP 60. Chicago
Hansen, D. P. (1963): New votive plaques from Nippur, JNES 22, 145-166
Heinrich, E. (1931): Fara: Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft in Fara und Abu Hatab 1902/03. Berlin
Herrmann, G. (1986): Ivories from room SW 37 Fort Shalmaneser, plates. Ivories from Nimrud (1949-1963) 4/2. London
Herrmann, G. (1992): The small collections from Fort Shalmaneser. Ivories from Nimrud (1949-1963) 5. London.
Jans, G./J. Bretschneider (2011): Seals and sealings from Tell Beydar/Nabada (seasons 1995-2001). A progress report. Beydar Monographs 1. Subartu 27. Brepols
Koliński, R. (2016): Insights into the settlement history of Iraqi Kurdistan from the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project, in: K. Kopanias/J. MacGinnis (ed.), The archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and adjacent regions. Oxford, 163-172
Langdon, S. (1924): Excavations at Kish I, Paris
Layard, H. (1853): Nineveh and Babylon. London
Lloyd, S. (1948): Gunduk. Foreword, Sumer 4, 143
Martin, H. P./R. J. Matthews (1993): Seals and sealings, in: A. Green, The 6G ash-tip and its contents: cultic and administrative discard from the temple? Abu Salabikh Excavations 4. 2 vols. Hertford
Matthews, D. (1997): The early glyptic of Tell Brak. OBO Ser. Arch. 15. Fribourg/Gottingen
Parrot, A. (1954): Glyptique mesopotamienne. Fouilles de Lagash (Tello) et de Larsa (Senkereh) (1931-1933). Paris
Reade, J. E./J. R. Anderson (2013): Gunduk, Khanes, Gaugamela, Gali Zardak-notes on Navkur and nearby rock-cut sculptures in Kurdistan, ZA 103, 69-123
Wahby, T. (1948): The rock-sculptures in Gunduk cave, Sumer 4, 144-157
Woolley, C. L. (1934): The royal cemetery. A report on the Predynastic and Sargonid graves excavated between 1926 and 1931. Ur Excavations 2. New York
