Invisible Crimes: Accountability for Crimes against Migrants in Libya

RAIMONDO, Giulia

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Invisible Crimes: Accountability for Crimes against Migrants in Libya

RAIMONDO, Giulia

2023 • In European Journal of Migration and Law, 25, p. 328-357

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Keywords :

international criminal law; crimes against humanity; Migration

Abstract :

[en] The systematic lack of accountability for migrant rights violations occurring in the context of migration control and other deterrence measures has been contested in theory and practice. While the scholarship has explored various accountability ven- ues above and beyond international refugee law and within specialised regimes, new litigation strategies have accountability across multiple judicial and quasi-judicial fora at national and international levels. Against the background of this multilevel litiga- tion strategy, international criminal law has emerged as a new site for accountabil- ity for violence against migrants at the borders of Europe. Starting from the Libyan case study, this article will examine the potential of international criminal law in the struggle for accountability for migrant rights violations. It will discuss whether and how qualifying migrant rights violations as crimes against humanity can illuminate certain aspects of violence against migrants at the borders of Europe while concretely challenging and addressing contemporary contactless forms of migration deterrence.

Disciplines :

European & international law

Author, co-author :

RAIMONDO, Giulia ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Law, Economics and Finance (FDEF) > Department of Law (DL)

External co-authors :

Language :

English

Title :

Invisible Crimes: Accountability for Crimes against Migrants in Libya

Publication date :

August 2023

Journal title :

European Journal of Migration and Law

ISSN :

1388-364X

eISSN :

1571-8166

Publisher :

Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Netherlands

Volume :

Pages :

328-357

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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since 18 September 2023

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For example, Article 10 of the Italian Criminal Code extends Italian jurisdiction to crimes committed abroad, by or against a foreigner, under very specific circumstances, including the presence of the perpetrator on Italian territory.
Corte d’Assise di Milano, RG 10/17, 10 October 2017
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Article 53, Rome Statute.
Mann supra note 21, at 1185.
Kalpouzos, supra note 21, at 594.
See extensively: Fink, supra note 87, Chapter 4.
Writing to Hannah Arendt regarding the Eichmann trial Carl Jaspers emphasised that: ‘Something other than law is at stake here - and to address it in legal terms is a mistake’. Quoted in: L. Douglas, The Memory of Judgment: Making Law and History in the Trials of the Holocaust (Yale University Press 2001).
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M. Koskenniemi, ‘Between Impunity and Show Trials’ (2002) 6 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 1, at 8.
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Itamar Mann observes, however, that despite certain crimes - because of their manifest unlawfulness - do not require the consciousness of wrongdoing, there is still no consensus about the values of the international community this increases the chances of mistakes of law. I. Mann, ‘Eichmann’s Mistake: The Problem of Thoughtlessness in International Criminal Law’ (2020) 33 Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 145. More generally
A. Coco, The Defence of Mistake of Law in International Criminal Law: A Study on Ignorance and Blame (Oxford University Press 2022).
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Kalpouzos and Mann, supra note 6
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