European Investment Bank; Development Banks; Public Private Partnerships
Résumé :
[en] This chapter focuses on the role of the European Investment Bank (EIB) and other development banks around the world in the promotion of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs). In the late 1980s, PPPs (re-)emerged as a new form of infrastructure procurement in the European context, starting with the Channel (Euro-) Tunnel project. Procurement through PPPs increased significantly in European Union (EU) member states a decade later due to promotion efforts by the UK New Labour government, followed by a number of other EU member states. PPPs introduce private capital and participation into areas — for example, school and hospital construction and maintenance — which were predominately in the public realm. PPPs became popular with public authorities for a number of reasons, including perceived 'value for money' and the possibility of removing costs from the public ledgers. The main research question driving this chapter is: how should the EIB's role in PPP promotion best be understood? This chapter demonstrates that with regard to the promotion of PPPs, the activism of the EIB can be explained in terms of the bank's operation as a policy entrepreneur. We also argue that this framework for analysis — policy entrepreneurship — helps to explain to the promotion of PPPs by other development banks around the world.
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