Cooperative energy management of multi-energy hub systems considering demand response programs and ice storage

Energy hub systems integrate various energy sources and interconnect different energy
carriers in order to enhance the flexibility of the system. In this paper, a cooperative
framework is proposed in which a network of energy hubs collaborate together and share
their resources in order to reduce their costs. Each hub has several sources including CHP,
boiler, renewable sources, electrical chiller, and absorption chiller. Moreover, energy
storages are considered for electrical, heating, and cooling systems in order to increase the
flexibility of energy hubs. Unlike the methods based on Nash-equilibrium points, which find
the equilibrium point and have no guarantee for optimality of the solution, the employed
cooperative method finds the optimal solution for the problem. We utilize the Shapley value
to allocate the overall gain of the hub’s coalition based on the contribution and efficiency of
the energy hubs. The proposed method is modeled as a mixed integer linear programming
problem, and the cost of network energy hubs are decreased in the cooperative operation,
which shows the efficiency of this model. The results show 18.89, 10.23, and 8.72%
improvement for hub1, hub2, and hub3, respectively, by using the fair revenue mechanism.