Modeling and Optimization of RF-Energy Harvesting-assisted Quantum Battery System

The quest for finding a small-sized energy supply to run the small-scale wireless gadgets, with almost an infinite lifetime, has intrigued humankind since past several decades. In this context, the concept of Quantum batteries has come into limelight more recently to serve the purpose. However, the main issue revolving around the closed-system design of Quantum batteries is to ensure a loss-less environment, which is extremely difficult to realize in practice. In this paper, we present the modeling and optimization aspects of a Radio-Frequency (RF) Energy Harvesting (EH) assisted Quantum battery, wherein several EH modules (in the form of micro- or nano- sized integrated circuits (ICs)) help each of the involved Quantum sources achieve the so-called quasi-stable state. Specifically, a micro-controller manages the overall harvested energy from the RF-EH ICs and a photon emitting device, such that the emitted photons are absorbed by the electrons in the Quantum sources. In order to precisely model and optimize the considered framework, we formulate a transmit power minimization problem for an RF-based wireless system to optimize the number of RF-EH ICs under the given EH constraints at the Quantum battery-enabled wireless device. We obtain an analytical solution to the above-mentioned problem using a rational approach, while additionally seeking another solution obtained via a non-linear program solver. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is reported in the form of numerical results by taking a range of system parameters into account.