On privacy notions in anonymous communication

Many anonymous communication networks (ACNs) with different privacy goals have been devel- oped. Still, there are no accepted formal definitions of privacy goals, and ACNs often define their goals ad hoc. However, the formal definition of privacy goals benefits the understanding and comparison of different flavors of privacy and, as a result, the improvement of ACNs. In this paper, we work towards defining and comparing pri- vacy goals by formalizing them as privacy notions and identifying their building blocks. For any pair of no- tions we prove whether one is strictly stronger, and, if so, which. Hence, we are able to present a complete hier- archy. Using this rigorous comparison between notions, we revise inconsistencies between the existing works and improve the understanding of privacy goals.