Optimal First-Order Boolean Masking for Embedded IoT Devices

Biryukov, Alex; Dinu, Dumitru-Daniel; Le Corre, Yann; Udovenko, Aleksei

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75208-2_2

Download

Paper published in a book (Scientific congresses, symposiums and conference proceedings)

Optimal First-Order Boolean Masking for Embedded IoT Devices

Biryukov, Alex; Dinu, Dumitru-Daniel; Le Corre, Yann et al.

2018 • In CARDIS 2017: Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications

Peer reviewed

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10993/37740

DOI
10.1007/978-3-319-75208-2_2

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

Optimal_Masking.pdf

Publisher postprint (515.24 kB)

Download

All documents in ORBilu are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Keywords :

Boolean masking; Side-channel attack; IoT; Embedded device

Abstract :

[en] Boolean masking is an effective side-channel countermeasure that consists in splitting each sensitive variable into two or more shares which are carefully manipulated to avoid leakage of the sensitive variable. The best known expressions for Boolean masking of bitwise operations are relatively compact, but even a small improvement of these expressions can significantly reduce the performance penalty of more complex masked operations such as modular addition on Boolean shares or of masked ciphers. In this paper, we present and evaluate new secure expressions for performing bitwise operations on Boolean shares. To this end, we describe an algorithm for efficient search of expressions that have an optimal cost in number of elementary operations. We show that bitwise AND and OR on Boolean shares can be performed using less instructions than the best known expressions. More importantly, our expressions do no require additional random values as the best known expressions do. We apply our new expressions to the masked addition/subtraction on Boolean shares based on the Kogge-Stone adder and we report an improvement of the execution time between 14% and 19%. Then, we compare the efficiency of first-order masked implementations of three lightweight block ciphers on an ARM Cortex-M3 to determine which design strategies are most suitable for efficient masking. All our masked implementations passed the t-test evaluation and thus are deemed secure against first-order side-channel attacks.

Disciplines :

Computer science

Author, co-author :

Biryukov, Alex ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication (FSTC) > Computer Science and Communications Research Unit (CSC)

Dinu, Dumitru-Daniel ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)

Le Corre, Yann ; University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication (FSTC) > Computer Science and Communications Research Unit (CSC)

Udovenko, Aleksei ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)

External co-authors :

Language :

English

Title :

Optimal First-Order Boolean Masking for Embedded IoT Devices

Publication date :

26 January 2018

Event name :

16th International Conference on Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications

Event place :

Lugano, Switzerland

Event date :

from 13-11-2017 to 16-11-2017

Audience :

International

Main work title :

CARDIS 2017: Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications

Publisher :

Springer, Cham

ISBN/EAN :

978-3-319-75207-5

Collection name :

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 10728

Pages :

22-41

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Focus Area :

Security, Reliability and Trust

Funders :

FNR - Fonds National de la Recherche [LU]

Available on ORBilu :

since 13 December 2018

Statistics

Number of views

212 (6 by Unilu)

Number of downloads

926 (7 by Unilu)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

Bibliography

Antonakakis, M., April, T., Bailey, M., Bernhard, M., Bursztein, E., Cochran, J., Durumeric, Z., Halderman, J.A., Invernizzi, L., Kallitsis, M., Kumar, D., Lever, C., Ma, Z., Mason, J., Menscher, D., Seaman, C., Sullivan, N., Thomas, K., Zhou, Y.: Understanding the Mirai Botnet. In: 26th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 2017), Vancouver, BC. USENIX Association (2017)
Random Number Generator (TRNG) API, October 2012.https://forum.arduino. cc/index.php?topic=129083.0. Accessed 03 July 2017
Baek, Y.-J., Noh, M.-J.: Differential power attack and masking method. Trends Math. 8(1), 1–15 (2005)
Balasch, J., Gierlichs, B., Grosso, V., Reparaz, O., Standaert, F.-X.: On the cost of lazy engineering for masked software implementations. In: Joye, M., Moradi, A. (eds.) CARDIS 2014. LNCS, vol. 8968, pp. 64–81. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16763-3 5
Baysal, A., Şahin, S.: RoadRunneR: a small and fast bitslice block cipher for low cost 8-bit processors. In: Güneysu, T., Leander, G., Moradi, A. (eds.) LightSec 2015. LNCS, vol. 9542, pp. 58–76. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29078-2 4
Beaulieu, R., Shors, D., Smith, J., Treatman-Clark, S., Weeks, B., Wingers, L.: The SIMON and SPECK lightweight block ciphers. In: Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Design Automation Conference, San Francisco, CA, USA, 7–11 June 2015, pp. 175:1–175:6. ACM (2015)
Chari, S., Jutla, C.S., Rao, J.R., Rohatgi, P.: Towards sound approaches to counteract power-analysis attacks. In: Wiener, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 1999. LNCS, vol. 1666, pp. 398–412. Springer, Heidelberg (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48405-1 26
Constantin, L.: Hackers Found 47 New Vulnerabilities in 23 IoT Devices at DEF CON, September 2016. http://www.csoonline.com/article/3119765/security/hackers-found-47-new-vulnerabilities-in-23-iot-devices-at-def-con.html. Accessed 03 July 2017
Coron, J.-S., Großschädl, J., Tibouchi, M., Vadnala, P.K.: Conversion from arithmetic to Boolean masking with logarithmic complexity. In: Leander, G. (ed.) FSE 2015. LNCS, vol. 9054, pp. 130–149. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48116-5 7
Daemen, J., Peeters, M., Van Assche, G., Rijmen, V.: Nessie proposal: Noekeon. In: First Open NESSIE Workshop, pp. 213–230 (2000)
T. P. Developers: PyPy Interpreter, version 5.1.2 (2016). https://pypy.org/
Ding, A.A., Chen, C., Eisenbarth, T.: Simpler, faster, and more Robust T-test based leakage detection. In: Standaert, F.-X., Oswald, E. (eds.) COSADE 2016. LNCS, vol. 9689, pp. 163–183. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43283-0 10
Dinu, D., Corre, Y.L., Khovratovich, D., Perrin, L., Großschädl, J., Biryukov, A.: Triathlon of Lightweight Block Ciphers for the Internet of Things. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, 2015:209 (2015)
Gartner: Gartner Says 8.4 Billion Connected “Things” Will Be in Use in 2017, Up 31 Percent From 2016, February 2017. http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3598917. Accessed 03 July 2017
Gilbert Goodwill, B.J., Jaffe, J., Rohatgi, P., et al.: A testing methodology for side-channel resistance validation. In: NIST Non-invasive Attack Testing Workshop (2011)
Gross, H.: Sharing is caring—on the protection of arithmetic logic units against passive physical attacks. In: Mangard, S., Schaumont, P. (eds.) RFIDSec 2015. LNCS, vol. 9440, pp. 68–84. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24837-0 5
Ishai, Y., Sahai, A., Wagner, D.: Private circuits: securing hardware against probing attacks. In: Boneh, D. (ed.) CRYPTO 2003. LNCS, vol. 2729, pp. 463–481. Springer, Heidelberg (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45146-4 27
Mangard, S., Oswald, E., Popp, T.: Power Analysis Attacks - Revealing the Secrets of Smart Cards. Springer, New York (2007)
Marsaglia, G., et al.: Xorshift RNGs. J. Stat. Softw. 8(14), 1–6 (2003)
McCann, D., Oswald, E., Whitnall, C.: Towards practical tools for side channel aware software engineering: ‘grey box’ modelling for instruction leakages. In: Kirda, E., Ristenpart, T. (eds.) 26th USENIX Security Symposium, USENIX Security 2017, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 16–18 August 2017, pp. 199–216. USENIX Association (2017)
Papagiannopoulos, K., Veshchikov, N.: Mind the gap: towards secure 1st-order masking in software. In: Guilley, S. (ed.) COSADE 2017. LNCS, vol. 10348, pp. 282–297. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64647-3 17
Public Comments Received on “Profiles for the Lightweight Cryptography Standardization Process”, June 2017. https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2017/06/20/public-comments-profiles-i-ii-june2017.pdf. Accessed 03 July 2017
Reparaz, O.: Detecting flawed masking schemes with leakage detection tests. In: Peyrin, T. (ed.) FSE 2016. LNCS, vol. 9783, pp. 204–222. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52993-5 11
Ronen, E., Shamir, A., Weingarten, A., O’Flynn, C.: IoT goes nuclear: creating a zigbee chain reaction. In: 2017 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, SP 2017, San Jose, CA, USA, 22–26 May 2017, pp. 195–212. IEEE Computer Society (2017)
Schneider, T., Moradi, A.: Leakage assessment methodology. In: Güneysu, T., Handschuh, H. (eds.) CHES 2015. LNCS, vol. 9293, pp. 495–513. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48324-4 25
Schneider, T., Moradi, A., Güneysu, T.: Arithmetic addition over Boolean masking. In: Malkin, T., Kolesnikov, V., Lewko, A.B., Polychronakis, M. (eds.) ACNS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9092, pp. 559–578. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28166-7 27
Standaert, F.-X.: How (not) to use Welch’s t-test in side-channel security evaluations. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2017/138 (2017). http://eprint.iacr.org/2017/138
Trichina, E.: Combinational Logic Design for AES SubByte Transformation on Masked Data. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, 2003:236 (2003)
Won, Y., Han, D.: Efficient conversion method from arithmetic to Boolean masking in constrained devices. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, 2016:664 (2016)
Zhang, W., Bao, Z., Lin, D., Rijmen, V., Yang, B., Verbauwhede, I.: RECTANGLE: a bit-slice lightweight block cipher suitable for multiple platforms. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 58(12), 1–15 (2015)