Reference : Efficient Arithmetic on ARM-NEON and Its Application for High-Speed RSA Implementation

	Document type :	Scientific journals : Article
	Discipline(s) :	Engineering, computing & technology : Computer science
	Focus Areas :	Security, Reliability and Trust
	To cite this reference:	http://hdl.handle.net/10993/37482

Title :	Efficient Arithmetic on ARM-NEON and Its Application for High-Speed RSA Implementation
Language :	English
Author, co-author :	Seo, Hwajeong [Pusan National University > School of Computer Science and Engineering]
	Liu, Zhe [University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > Computer Science and Communications Research Unit (CSC) >]
	Groszschädl, Johann [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication (FSTC) > Computer Science and Communications Research Unit (CSC) >]
	Kim, Howon [Pusan National University > School of Computer Science and Engineering]
Publication date :	Dec-2016
Journal title :	Security and Communication Networks
Publisher :	John Wiley & Sons
Volume :	9
Issue/season :	18
Pages :	5401-5411
Peer reviewed :	Yes (verified by ORBilu)
ISSN :	1939-0114
e-ISSN :	1939-0122
City :	Malden
Country :	United Kingdom
Keywords :	[en] Public-Key Cryptography ; Multiple-Precision Arithmetic ; Modular Reduction ; SIMD-Level Parallelism ; Vector Instructions ; ARM NEON
Abstract :	[en] A steadily increasing number of modern processors support Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) instructions to speed up multimedia, communication, and security applications. The computational power of Intel's SSE and AVX extensions as well as ARM's NEON engine has initiated a body of research on SIMD-parallel implementation of multiple-precision integer arithmetic operations, in particular modular multiplication and modular squaring, which are performance-critical components of widely-used public-key cryptosystems such as RSA, DSA, Diffie-Hellman, and their elliptic-curve variants ECDSA and ECDH. In this paper, we introduce the Double Operand Scanning (DOS) method for multiple-precision squaring and describe its implementation for ARM NEON processors. The DOS method uses a full-radix representation of the operand to be squared and aims to maximize performance by reducing the number of Read-After-Write (RAW) dependencies between source and destination registers. We also analyze the benefits of applying Karatsuba's technique to both multiple-precision multiplication and squaring, and present an optimized implementation of Montgomery's algorithm for modular reduction. Our performance evaluation shows that the DOS method along with the other optimizations described in this paper allows one to execute a full 2048-bit modular exponentiation in about 14.25 million clock cycles on an ARM Cortex-A15 processor, which is significantly faster than previously-reported RSA implementations for the ARM-NEON platform.
Permalink :	http://hdl.handle.net/10993/37482
DOI :	10.1002/sec.1706
Other URL :	http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sec.1706

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