Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Social Sciences: A Theoretical Review of Possibilities and Challenges

Questions concerning the nature of reality (ontology), how reality should be researched
(methodology), and what constitutes meaningful knowledge (epistemology) not merely invite
philosophical deliberations, but also have practical implications. The paper argues that ontological
and epistemological positions often inform methodological choices. Certain methodological
selections are reinforced by certain perspectives on philosophical questions as to what
constitutes science and what qualifies as a scientific research. From a critical-realist perspective,
this paper reflects on ontological and epistemological implications of qualitative-quantitative
divide and presents the arguments for and against combining qualitative and quantitative
methods. While arguing for mainstreaming mixed-methods approach as a viable alternative in
social sciences, the paper also discusses possible challenges of the approach.