1 Energy-Efficient Hybrid Beamforming for Multi-Layer RIS-Assisted Secure Integrated Terrestrial-Aerial Network

[en] The integration of aerial platforms to provide ubiq- uitous coverage and connectivity for densely deployed terrestrial networks is expected to be a reality in emerging sixth-generation networks. Energy-effificient design and secure transmission are two crucial issues for integrated terrestrial-aerial networks. With this focus, due to the potential of RIS in substantially saving power consumption and boosting the security of private information by enabling a smart radio environment, this paper investigates the energy-efficient hybrid beamforming for multi- layer reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted secure in- tegrated terrestrial-aerial network for defending against simul- taneous jamming and eavesdropping attacks. Specifically, with the available of angular information based imperfect channel state information (CSI), we propose a framework for the joint optimization of user’s received precoder, terrestrial BS’s and HAP’s digital precoder, and multi-layer RIS analog precoder to maximize the system energy efficiency (EE) performance. For the design of received precoder, a heuristic beamforming scheme is proposed to convert the worst-case problem into a min-max one such that a closed-form solution is derived. For the design of digital precoder, we propose an iterative sequential convex approximation approach via capitalizing the auxiliary variables and first-order Taylor series expansion. Finally, a monotonic vertex-update algorithm with penalty convex concave procedure is proposed to obtain analog precoder with low computational complexity. Numerical results show the superiority and effective- ness of proposed optimization framework and architecture

Disciplines :

Computer science

Author, co-author :

Sun, Yifu

An, Kang

Zhu, Yonggang

Zheng, Gan

Wong, Kai-Kit

CHATZINOTAS, Symeon ; University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT) > SigCom

Guan, Dongfang

Wing Kwan Ng, Derrick

External co-authors :

yes

Language :

English

Title :

1 Energy-Efficient Hybrid Beamforming for Multi-Layer RIS-Assisted Secure Integrated Terrestrial-Aerial Network

Publication date :

22 June 2022

Journal title :

IEEE Transactions on Communications

ISSN :

0090-6778

eISSN :

1558-0857

Publisher :

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, United States

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

4189 - 4210

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Focus Area :

Computational Sciences

Additional URL :

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9763499

Funders :

10.13039/501100001809-National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 61901502, 62131005 and 62071352)
R-STR-5010-00-Z SIGCOM RG of Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg
10.13039/501100012152-National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (Grant Number: BX20200101)

Available on ORBilu :

since 19 December 2022

Statistics

Number of views

77 (4 by Unilu)

Number of downloads

87 (3 by Unilu)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenAlex citations

WoS citations^™

Bibliography

A. Mohammed, A. Mehmood, F.-N. Pavlidou, and M. Mohorcic, "The role of high-altitude platforms (HAPs) in the global wireless connectivity, " Proc. IEEE, vol. 99, no. 11, pp. 1939-1953, Nov. 2011.
P. G. Sudheesh, M. Mozaffari, M. Magarini, W. Saad, and P. Muthuchidambaranathan, "Sum-rate analysis for high altitude platform (HAP) drones with tethered balloon relay, " IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 1240-1243, Jun. 2018.
Z. Lin, M. Lin, Y. Huang, T. D. Cola, and W.-P. Zhu, "Robust multi-objective beamforming for integrated satellite and high altitude platform network with imperfect channel state information, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 67, no. 24, pp. 6384-6396, Dec. 2019.
X. Cao, P. Yang, M. Alzenad, X. Xi, D. Wu, and H. Yanikomeroglu, "Airborne communication networks: A survey, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 1907-1926, Sep. 2018.
A. Alsharoa and M.-S. Alouini, "Improvement of the global connectivity using integrated satellite-airborne-terrestrial networks with resource optimization, " IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 5088-5100, Aug. 2020.
Q. Huang, M. Lin, W.-P. Zhu, J. Cheng, and M.-S. Alouini, "Uplink massive access in mixed RF/FSO satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 2413-2426, Apr. 2021.
Y. Wu, B. Wang, K. J. R. Liu, and T. C. Clancy, "Anti-jamming games in multi-channel cognitive radio networks, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 4-15, Jan. 2012.
Q. H. Spencer, A. L. Swindlehurst, and M. Haardt, "Zero-forcing methods for downlink spatial multiplexing in multiuser MIMO channels, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 461-471, Feb. 2004.
X. Chen, D. W. K. Ng, W. Gerstacker, and H. H. Chen, "A survey on multiple-antenna techniques for physical layer security, " IEEE Commun. Surveys Tuts., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1027-1053, 2nd Quart., 2016.
M. Lin, Z. Lin, W.-P. Zhu, and J.-B. Wang, "Joint beamforming for secure communication in cognitive satellite terrestrial networks, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1017-1029, May 2018.
Y. Sun, D. W. K. Ng, J. Zhu, and R. Schober, "Robust and secure resource allocation for full-duplex MISO multicarrier NOMA systems, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 4119-4137, Sep. 2018.
K. An, M. Lin, J. Ouyang, and W. P. Zhu, "Secure transmission in cognitive satellite terrestrial networks, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 34, no. 11, pp. 3025-3037, Nov. 2016.
Y. Lu, K. Xiong, P. Fan, Z. Ding, Z. Zhong, and K. Letaief, "Global energy efficiency in secure MISO SWIPT systems with non-linear power-splitting EH model, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 216-232, Jan. 2019.
Q. Huang, M. Lin, J. Wang, T. A. Tsiftsis, and J. Wang, "Energy efficient beamforming schemes for satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 3863-3875, Jun. 2020.
V. Jamali, A. M. Tulino, G. Fischer, R. R. Müller, and R. Schober, "Intelligent surface-aided transmitter architectures for millimeter-wave ultra massive MIMO systems, " IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc., vol. 2, pp. 144-167, 2021.
Q. Wu and R. Zhang, "Towards smart and reconfigurable environment: Intelligent reflecting surface aided wireless network, " IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 106-112, Jan. 2020.
Z. Yang, W. Xu, C. Huang, J. Shi, and M. Shikh-Bahaei, "Beamforming design for multiuser transmission through reconfigurable intelligent surface, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 589-601, Jan. 2021.
Z. Zhang and L. Dai, "A joint precoding framework for wideband reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided cell-free network, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 69, pp. 4085-4101, Jun. 2021.
L. You, J. Xiong, D. W. K. Ng, C. Yuen, W. Wang, and X. Gao, "Energy efficiency and spectral efficiency tradeoff in RIS-aided multiuser MIMO uplink transmission, " IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 69, pp. 1407-1421, Dec. 2021.
L. Dong, H.-M. Wang, and H. Xiao, "Secure cognitive radio communication via intelligent reflecting surface, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 69, no. 7, pp. 4678-4690, Jul. 2021.
X. Yu, D. Xu, Y. Sun, D. W. K. Ng, and R. Schober, "Robust and secure wireless communications via intelligent reflecting surfaces, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 2637-2652, Nov. 2020.
Y. Sun, K. An, J. Luo, Y. Zhu, G. Zheng, and S. Chatzinotas, "Intelligent reflecting surface enhanced secure transmission against both jamming and eavesdropping attacks, " IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 70, no. 10, pp. 11017-11022, Oct. 2021.
K. Liu, Z. Zhang, L. Dai, and L. Hanzo, "Compact user-specific reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for uplink transmission, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 680-692, Jan. 2022.
N. Shlezinger, G. C. Alexandropoulos, M. F. Imani, Y. C. Eldar, and D. R. Smith, "Dynamic metasurface antennas for 6G extreme massive MIMO communications, " IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 106-113, Apr. 2021.
R. Deng, B. Di, H. Zhang, Y. Tan, and L. Song, "Reconfigurable holographic surface: Holographic beamforming for metasurface-aided wireless communications, " IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 70, no. 6, pp. 6255-6259, Jun. 2021.
R. Deng et al., "Reconfigurable holographic surfaces for future wireless communications, " IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 126-131, Dec. 2021.
B. Li, Z. Fei, X. Xu, and Z. Chu, "Resource allocations for secure cognitive satellite-terrestrial networks, " IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 78-81, Feb. 2017.
Z. Lin, M. Lin, B. Champagne, W.-P. Zhu, and N. Al-Dhahir, "Secrecy-energy efficient hybrid beamforming for satellite-terrestrial integrated networks, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 69, no. 9, pp. 6345-6360, Sep. 2021.
J. Y. Dai et al., "Wireless communications through a simplified architecture based on time-domain digital coding metasurface, " Adv. Mater. Technol., vol. 4, no. 7, Jul. 2019, Art. no. 1900044.
C. Hu, L. Dai, T. Mir, Z. Gao, and J. Fang, "Super-resolution channel estimation for mmWave massive MIMO with hybrid precoding, " IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 8954-8958, Sep. 2018.
G. T. de Araujo and A. L. F. de Almeida, "PARAFAC-based channel estimation for intelligent reflective surface assisted MIMO system, " in Proc. IEEE 11th Sensor Array Multichannel Signal Process. Workshop (SAM), Jun. 2020, pp. 1-5.
Y. Jiang, Y. Zou, J. Ouyang, and J. Zhu, "Secrecy energy efficiency optimization for artificial noise aided physical-layer security in OFDM-based cognitive radio networks, " IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 11858-11872, Dec. 2018.
B. Di, H. Zhang, L. Song, Y. Li, Z. Han, and H. V. Poor, "Hybrid beamforming for reconfigurable intelligent surface based multiuser communications: Achievable rates with limited discrete phase shifts, " IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 1809-1822, Aug. 2020.
R. O. Schmidt, "Multiple emitter location and signal parameter estimation, " IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. AP-34, no. 3, pp. 276-280, Mar. 1986.
W. Shi and J. Ritcey, "Robust beamforming for MISO wiretap channel by optimizing the worst-case secrecy capacity, " in Proc. IEEE 44th Asilomar Conf. Signals, Syst. Comput. (ACSSC), Nov. 2010, pp. 300-304.
Maximum Allowable Values of Interference From Terrestrial Radio Links to Systems in the Fixed-Satellite Service Employing 8-bit PCM Encoded Telephony and Sharing the Same Frequency Bands, document ITU-R SF.558-2, Jul. 1986.
A. Beck, A. Ben-Tal, and L. Tetruashvili, "A sequential parametric convex approximation method with applications to nonconvex truss topology design problems, " J. Global Optim., vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 29-51, May 2010.
H. M. Al-Obiedollah, K. Cumanan, J. Thiyagalingam, A. G. Burr, Z. Ding, and O. A. Dobre, "Energy efficient beamforming design for miso non-orthogonal multiple access systems, " IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 4117-4131, Jun. 2019.
T. Lv, H. Gao, R. Cao, and J. Zhou, "Co-ordinated secure beamforming in K-user interference channel with multiple eavesdroppers, " IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 212-215, Apr. 2016.
C. Wang, H.-M. Wang, D. W. K. Ng, X.-G. Xia, and C. Liu, "Joint beamforming and power allocation for secrecy in peer-to-peer relay networks, " IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 3280-3293, Jun. 2015.
L. Liu, R. Zhang, and K.-C. Chua, "Achieving global optimality for weighted sum-rate maximization in the K-user Gaussian interference channel with multiple antennas, " IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 1933-1945, May 2012.
A. Rubinov, H. Tuy, and H. Mays, "An algorithm for monotonic global optimization problems, " Optimization, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 205-221, 2012.
T. Lipp and S. Boyd, "Variations and extension of the convex-concave procedure, " J. Optim. Eng., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 263-287, 2016.
S. Boyd and L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.
Z. Lin, M. Lin, J. Ouyang, W.-P. Zhu, A. D. Panagopoulos, and M.-S. Alouini, "Robust secure beamforming for multibeam satellite communication systems, " IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 6202-6206, Jun. 2019.
M. S. Lobo, L. Vandenberghe, S. Boyd, and H. Lebret, "Applications of second-order cone programming, " Linear Algebra Appl., vol. 284, nos. 1-3, pp. 193-228, Nov. 1998.
Q. Wu and R. Zhang, "Intelligent reflecting surface enhanced wireless network via joint active and passive beamforming, " IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 5394-5409, Nov. 2019.
S. Verdu and H. Poor, "On minimax robustness: A general approach and applications, " IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. IT-30, no. 2, pp. 328-340, Mar. 1984.