Article (Scientific journals)
Mitochondrial Morphology, Function and Homeostasis Are Impaired by Expression of an N-terminal Calpain Cleavage Fragment of Ataxin-3.
Harmuth, Tina; Prell-Schicker, Caroline; Weber, Jonasz J. et al.
2018In Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 11, p. 368
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Keywords :
Machado-Joseph disease; S256 calpain cleavage fragment; Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3; ataxin-3; lysosomal dysfunction; mitochondrial dysfunction
Abstract :
[en] Alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease and Huntington disease. Metabolic defects, resulting from dysfunctional mitochondria, have been reported in patients and respective animal models of all those diseases. Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 (SCA3), another neurodegenerative disorder, also presents with metabolic defects and loss of body weight in early disease stages although the possible role of mitochondrial dysfunction in SCA3 pathology is still to be determined. Interestingly, the SCA3 disease protein ataxin-3, which is predominantly localized in cytoplasm and nucleus, has also been associated with mitochondria in both its mutant and wildtype form. This observation provides an interesting link to a potential mitochondrial involvement of mutant ataxin-3 in SCA3 pathogenesis. Furthermore, proteolytic cleavage of ataxin-3 has been shown to produce toxic fragments and even overexpression of artificially truncated forms of ataxin-3 resulted in mitochondria deficits. Therefore, we analyzed the repercussions of expressing a naturally occurring N-terminal cleavage fragment of ataxin-3 and the influence of an endogenous expression of the S256 cleavage fragment in vitro and in vivo. In our study, expression of a fragment derived from calpain cleavage induced mitochondrial fragmentation and cristae alterations leading to a significantly decreased capacity of mitochondrial respiration and contributing to an increased susceptibility to apoptosis. Furthermore, analyzing mitophagy revealed activation of autophagy in the early pathogenesis with reduced lysosomal activity. In conclusion, our findings indicate that cleavage of ataxin-3 by calpains results in fragments which interfere with mitochondrial function and mitochondrial degradation processes.
Disciplines :
Neurology
Author, co-author :
Harmuth, Tina
Prell-Schicker, Caroline
Weber, Jonasz J.
Gellerich, Frank
Funke, Claudia
Driessen, Stefan
Magg, Janine C. D.
Krebiehl, Guido
Wolburg, Hartwig
Hayer, Stefanie N.
Hauser, Stefan
Krüger, Rejko ;  University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication (FSTC) > Life Science Research Unit
Schols, Ludger
Riess, Olaf
Hubener-Schmid, Jeannette
More authors (5 more) Less
External co-authors :
yes
Language :
English
Title :
Mitochondrial Morphology, Function and Homeostasis Are Impaired by Expression of an N-terminal Calpain Cleavage Fragment of Ataxin-3.
Publication date :
2018
Journal title :
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
ISSN :
1662-5099
Publisher :
Frontiers Media S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
Volume :
11
Pages :
368
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Focus Area :
Systems Biomedicine
Available on ORBilu :
since 29 October 2018

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