Crystallization in colloidal suspensions

Presentation (2014, November)

Making sense of multimodal data in sociolinguistic research

Presentation (2014, November)

Ecosystems Biology: from data to control of microbial communities

Presentation (2014, November)

The Past and the Future of Economic Growth

Presentation (2014, October 28)

The world’s economic history has largely been a history of stagnation. The phase of sustained growth was only ignited in the second half of the 18th century by the Industrial Revolution in Britain. Since ... [more ▼]

The world’s economic history has largely been a history of stagnation. The phase of sustained growth was only ignited in the second half of the 18th century by the Industrial Revolution in Britain. Since then, many countries have experienced long periods of sustained growth of per-capita income. At the same time, the world income distribution has become more and more unequal. Today per-capita incomes in the richest countries are approximately 30 times higher than in the poorest countries. The first part of this lecture takes a closer look at these past developments. In the second part, we venture a look forward. Among the questions we will address are the following: - Who needs economic growth? Does economic growth imply happiness? Is economic growth necessary to maintain our current standard of living? Does economic growth help the welfare state in the face of population aging and tight public budgets? - Can the process of sustained economic growth go on? Is “no-growth” or even “degrowth” a reasonable option? Does the concept of sustainable growth help to answer these questions? - What are the main challenges for and what are the main obstacles to growth today? [less ▲]

'Normale Kindheit' als Beobachtungsprojekt. Ethnographische Zugänge zu den Praktiken der Entwicklungsbeobachtung.

Presentation (2014, October 25)

Le travail frontalier au sein de la Grande Région

Presentation (2014, October 20)

Archives without end: the quandary of digital research and scholarly communication

Presentation (2014, October 16)

Discrete Multiscale Modelling and Future Research Plans concerning Metals

Presentation (2014, October 14)

Compatible systems of symplectic Galois representations and the inverse Galois problem

Presentation (2014, October 13)

Il principio di non discriminazione e l'identità costituzionale dell'Unione Europea

Presentation (2014, October 10)

Characteristika wissenschaftlicher Textsorten: Ein systemisch funktionaler Ansatz

Presentation (2014, October 03)

Integrated bioinformatics analysis of functional omics and GWAS data for neurodegenerative disorders

Presentation (2014, October 01)

Urban Spatial Structure, Employment and Social Ties

Presentation (2014, October)

We develop a model where workers both choose their residential location (geographical space) and social interactions (social space). In equilibrium, we show under which condition the majority group ... [more ▼]

We develop a model where workers both choose their residential location (geographical space) and social interactions (social space). In equilibrium, we show under which condition the majority group resides close to the job center while the minority group lives far away from it. Even though the two populations are ex ante totally identical, we find that the majority group experiences a lower unemployment rate than the minority group and tends to socially interact more with other workers of its own group. Within each group, we demonstrate that workers residing farther away from the job center tend to search less for a job and are less likely to be employed. This model is thus able to explain why ethnic minorities are segregated in the urban and social space and why this leads to adverse labor-market outcomes in the absence of any discrimination against the minority group. [less ▲]

Progress in the LLLight project. Report from the assessment team from Luxembourg.

Presentation (2014, October)

Naturwissenschaftliches Denken und Komplexes Problemlösen. Zwei Verwandte.

Presentation (2014, October)

Problem solving processes in PISA 2012 and the exploitation of computer-generated log files.

Presentation (2014, October)

Les visages de la faim

Presentation (2014, October)

Real Exchange Rates, Commodity Prices and Structural Factors in Developing Countries

Presentation (2014, October)

Fitting Parsimonious Household Portfolio models to Data

Presentation (2014, September 30)

Workshop on Language Ecology for Medical Students

Presentation (2014, September 29)

The workshop was conducted with the aim of the improvement of cultural awareness and diversity management in Southern Siberia.

Perceptual justification and non-conceptual perception

Presentation (2014, September 26)

The beginning of a (happy?) relationship - Copyright and Freedom of Expression in Europe

Presentation (2014, September 17)

“Intellectual property shall be protected.” It is with these words that Art 17(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union elevates copyright to spheres where it hovers with other ... [more ▼]

“Intellectual property shall be protected.” It is with these words that Art 17(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union elevates copyright to spheres where it hovers with other fundamental rights, amongst them the Freedom of expression. The relation between both, copyright and the freedom of expression is a difficult one, in which an exclusive right, which enables its right holder to exclude others from using his work meets and potentially collides with a right fundamental for our democratic society. This relationship has only recently been addressed in two cases, one in front of the European Court of Human rights (Ashby Donald v France) and one is pending in front of the Court of Justice of the European Union (Deckmyn v Vandersteen). The paper seeks to explore the relationship between both fundamental rights by analysing, first, the direction both European courts have taken with a view to positioning and balancing the interests under both rights; regard will be had to the emerging case-law on the relation between the EU Charter and the application an implementation of EU law. Second, in a practical application of the balancing act, relevant limitations and exceptions to copyright under Art 5 of the Information Society Directive will be scrutinized under the principles developed by Advocate-General Cruz Villalón in his opinion in the Deckmyn case. Special regard will be had throughout the paper to Freedom of Speech in a digital environment and its impact on the balance between copyright and the freedom of expression (and how this might differ to the realation between freedom of expression and copyright in the ‘real’ world). In this context the enabling and disabling functions of copyright and related rights against the background of the ‘ubiquity’ of copyright on the internet are discussed. [less ▲]

Spatial Analysis of internal migration in Luxembourg

Presentation (2014, September 08)

The aims of this paper are to look at the spatial patterns and to model internal migration in Luxembourg. Between 2010 and 2011, 17344 people or 3.7% of the total population moved from one municipality ... [more ▼]

The aims of this paper are to look at the spatial patterns and to model internal migration in Luxembourg. Between 2010 and 2011, 17344 people or 3.7% of the total population moved from one municipality (commune) to another within Luxembourg, showing a very dynamic migratory system. Luxembourg City is a net migration looser in terms of internal migration: 3128 people moved out of Luxembourg and 1428 people moved in to the capital in the same period. This paper presents an innovative migration flow map while attempting to explain, for the first time in Luxembourg, the driving forces of migratory moves at a fine geographical scale, most of the literature being focussed on the strong international migration, thus hiding local residential processes. The data analysed refer to the migration flows between the 116 local authorities (communes) in Luxembourg and the 12-months migration question. We present models for out-migration, in-migration and migration flows. For the latter, we fit unconstrained gravity models using Poisson, and Negative Binomial (NB) regressions, and their Zero Inflated variants in order to account for overdispersion and the large number of zero flows. The empirical results are very interesting and show processes that differ from other countries. It appears that cultural and urban planning factors rather than labour force factors affect the decision to migrate within Luxembourg, which is plausible given the location, the size and the ethnic background of the population residing in Luxembourg. [less ▲]

« Prise en charge des résidents en maison de retraite : l’ambivalente place des entourages »

Presentation (2014, September 05)

The measurement and the meaning of problem solving in PISA 2012

Presentation (2014, September)

Global best practices in the teaching of complex problem

Presentation (2014, September)

Real Exchange Rates, Commodity Prices and Structural Factors in Developing Countries

Presentation (2014, September)

Assessment of collaborative problem solving. Issues we need to solve

Presentation (2014, September)

Invited expert at panel discussion.

Presentation (2014, September)

Semiconductors for Photovoltaic Devices:Electrochemical Approaches using Ionic Liquids

Presentation (2014, September)

Energetic Regionalising (original titel: Energy is spacy with a chance of region)

Presentation (2014, August 28)

Reshaping the Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining: The Double Effect of ILO Soft Law (and the Need to go Beyond It)

Presentation (2014, August 01)

The recovery of criminal assets - a complex legal issue challenging the European Union

Presentation (2014, August)

Global Energy Minimization for Multi-crack Growth in Linear Elastic Fracture using the Extended Finite Element Method

Presentation (2014, July 24)

Das Demokratieverständnis der Juristen, erläutert am Beispiel von Werner Kägi's Schrift "Rechtsstaat und Demokratie" (1953)

Presentation (2014, July 14)

Jean Rouaud : l'écriture et la mémoire

Presentation (2014, July 09)

Presentation: Historia mówiona w powiecie lublinieckim (województwo katowickie)

Presentation (2014, July 05)

GenderRäume – Angsträume: ‘Doing Gender’ an ‘gefährlichen’ Orten

Presentation (2014, July)

Crystallization in polymermelts

Presentation (2014, July)

The European Union, referenda and international agreements: from the constitutional Treaty to Switzerland

Presentation (2014, June 29)

Development of a constitutive material law for silicone material and its implementation into Abaqus software

Presentation (2014, June 24)

Hurricane Damage Risk Assessment in the Caribbean: An Analysis using Synthetic Hurricane Events and Nightlight Imagery

Presentation (2014, June 16)

Writing Europe and the East-West Divide

Presentation (2014, June 09)

Capital- and Labor-Saving Technical Change in an Aging Economy/A Generalized Steady-State Growth Theorem

Presentation (2014, June)

A Discrete Approach to Describe the Interaction between a Tire Tread and a Snow-Covered Road

Presentation (2014, May 21)

The objective of this study is to develop a simulation technique that enables to describe the interactions between snow and a moving surface. The develop- ments of this study are focused on the ... [more ▼]

The objective of this study is to develop a simulation technique that enables to describe the interactions between snow and a moving surface. The develop- ments of this study are focused on the application of the interactions between a tire tread and a snow-covered road.Contrary to a continuum mechanics approach snow is considered to exist of discrete grains which are allowed to bond and collide with each other. There- fore, a discrete approach based on the extended Discrete Element Method is applied to the snow. Micro-mechanical models are developed to describe the deformational behaviour of snow. The micro-mechanical models describe the deformation and growth of the bonds between grains as well as the contact behaviour of snow grains on the grain-scale. Further, the age of a snow sample, the temperature and deformation rate applied are taken into account by the de- veloped models. The deformational behaviour of snow under brittle and ductile loading rates is validated with experimental data of common measurements in the field of snow mechanics. The simulation results successfully recapture the macro- and micro-scale deformation behaviour of snow and enable to identify the primary deformation mechanism in charge at the different loading rates, densities and temperatures.However, this approach allows treating individual snow grains during loading due to a rolling tire and predicting both position and orientation of grains. The micro-mechanical response of each snow grain in contact with the structure of the tire surface generates a global impact that defines the interaction forces be- tween the snow and the tire surface, which simultaneously indicate the strength of traction. In order to predict the elastic deformation of the tire surface the Finite Element Method is employed.A coupling method is developed between the discrete approach to characterize snow and the finite element description of the tire tread. The coupling method compensates quite naturally the shortages of both numerical methods. Further, a fast contact detection algorithm has been developed to spare valuable com- putation time. The coupling approach was successfully tested and validated with a small scale application but also with the large scale application of tire - soil interaction. The large-scale simulation results of tire – soil interactions showed to be accurate in comparison to similar traction measurements. The results show the ability of the simulation technique to describe the targeted interactions and give valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms. [less ▲]

Dilemmas of/for Development: Displacement and Resettlement

Presentation (2014, May 19)

Reduced order modelling: towards tractable computational homogenisation schemes

Presentation (2014, May 15)

Towards rationalised computational expense for simulating fracture over multiple scales The project focuses on the numerical simulation of the failure of complex, heterogeneous structures. The simulation ... [more ▼]

Towards rationalised computational expense for simulating fracture over multiple scales The project focuses on the numerical simulation of the failure of complex, heterogeneous structures. The simulation of such physical phenomena is of particular interest to practitioners as it enables to limit the number of destructive tests required to design and assess structures, and, ultimately, to decrease the safety factors used in design. In such heterogeneous media, the description of crack or damage initiation and propagation must be done at the scale of the inhomogeneities (e.g. aggregates in a concrete structure) in order for the results to be predictive. If one uses such a fine-scale material model to simulate structures at an engineering scale (e.g. an aircraft composite panel or a concrete beam), very large numerical problems need to be solved. In addition, there is a strong need for engineers to run their models numerous times, for different sets of the design parameters (e.g. loading conditions, geometry or material properties). Tackling such parametric multiscale problems is prohibitively expensive when using brute force parallel computing. However, one can use the fact that solutions to parametric problems usually evolve in a relatively coarse space: solutions to nearby parameter sets are usually close in a certain sense. This idea is classically used in Model Order Reduction, which proposes to reduce the size of the initial problem by several order of magnitude by simply reusing the information generated when solving the initial problem for several different sets of parameters. However, in the case of fracture, the information provided by the initial problem is most of the time insufficient to describe the behaviour of the system for arbitrary parameters. Crack paths, defects, and subsequent ultimate strengths are strongly influenced by an even slight variation in the parameter set. Fortunately, we showed in our previous research that this characteristic only affects a local region surrounding the structural defects, whilst the behaviour far from these regions is remains relatively unchanged for a wide range of parameter values. The proposed project will make use of this observation in a generic way, by coupling Reduced Order Modeling and Domain Decomposition. The structure will be divided in smaller subcomponents, on which Reduced Order Modeling will be applied separately. The consequence will be that the computational efforts will be greatly decreased in the regions that are far away from the damaged zone. Within the process zone itself, the substructuring framework will allow us to automatically switch to classical direct solvers. In this sense, the research aims at rationalising the computational costs associated to the simulation of parametrised multiscale fracture simulations, by concentrating the numerical effort where it is most required and with minimal intervention of the user. [less ▲]

Justice of earnings - a cross-national comparison

Presentation (2014, May 14)

Reducing the Mesh-burden and Computational Expense in Multi-scale Free Boundary Engineering Problems

Presentation (2014, May 12)

We present recent results aiming at affording faster and error-controlled simulations of multi scale phenomena including fracture of heterogeneous materials and cutting of biological tissue. In a second ... [more ▼]

We present recent results aiming at affording faster and error-controlled simulations of multi scale phenomena including fracture of heterogeneous materials and cutting of biological tissue. In a second part, we describe methodologies to isolate the user from the burden of mesh generation and regeneration as moving boundaries evolve. Results include advances in implicit boundary finite elements, (enriched) isogeometric boundary elements and extended finite element methods for multi-crack propagation. ABOUT THE PRESENTER In 1999, Stéphane Bordas joined a joint graduate programme of the French Institute of Technology (Ecole Spéciale des Travaux Publics) and the American Northwestern University. In 2003, he graduated in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics with a PhD from Northwestern University. Between 2003 and 2006, he was at the Laboratory of Structural and Continuum Mechanics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland. In 2006, he became permanent lecturer at Glasgow University’s Civil Engineering Department. Stéphane joined the Computational Mechanics team at Cardiff University in September 2009, as a Professor in Computational Mechanics and directed the institute of Mechanics and Advanced Materials from October 2010 to November 2013. He is the Editor of the book series “Advances in Applied Mechanics” since July 2013. In November 2013, he joined the University of Luxembourg as a Professor in Computational Mechanics. The main axes of his research team include (1) free boundary problems and problems involving complex geometries, in particular moving boundaries and (2) ‘a posteriori’ discretisation and model error control, rationalisation of the computational expense. Stéphane’s keen interest is to actively participate in innovation, technological transfer as well as software tool generation. This has been done through a number of joint ventures with various industrial partners (Bosch GmbH, Cenaero, inuTech GmbH, Siemens-LMS, Soitec SA) and the release of open-source software. In 2012, Stéphane was awarded an ERC Starting Independent Research Grant (RealTcut), to address the need for surgical simulators with a computational mechanics angle with a focus on the multi-scale simulation of cutting of heterogeneous materials in real-time. [less ▲]

Boso, ale na rowerze. De Helaasheid der dingen in Polen

Presentation (2014, May 08)