![]() Cole, Mark ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 49 (0 UL)![]() ![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Mit rund 150 000 Beschäftigten und mehr als 600 Unternehmen zählt die Automobilindustrie zu den wichtigsten Wirtschaftszweigen in der Großregion. In der jüngeren Vergangenheit haben allerdings die ... [more ▼] Mit rund 150 000 Beschäftigten und mehr als 600 Unternehmen zählt die Automobilindustrie zu den wichtigsten Wirtschaftszweigen in der Großregion. In der jüngeren Vergangenheit haben allerdings die Globalisierung, technologischer Wandel und vor allem die globale Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise die Branche stark beeinflusst und vor große Herausforderungen gestellt. Der Beitrag versucht, diese Entwicklungen nachzuzeichnen und mögliche Strategien und Maßnahmen zu diskutieren, mit denen auf die Herausforderungen reagiert werden kann. Dieser Beitrag ergänzt den vor der Wirtschaftskrise von 2008 geschriebenen Beitrag Autoindustrie 2007 von C. Schulz, P. Dörrenbächer und H. Pansch. Die beiden Karten zeigen die Betriebe der Autohersteller und ihrer Zulieferer mit mindestens 500 Arbeitsplätzen in den Jahren 2007 (C. Schulz/P. Dörrenbächer/H. Pansch) und 2011 (C.K. Hahn) im Vergleich, also kurz vor bzw. nach der 2008 ausgebrochenen Finanzkrise. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 119 (2 UL)![]() ; ; Pauly, Michel ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Böden sind nicht nur die verwitterte und durch verschiedenste Prozesse überprägte oberste Schicht der Erdkruste, sie sind vor allem Standort für Pflanzen und damit – neben den Umweltkompartimenten Wasser ... [more ▼] Böden sind nicht nur die verwitterte und durch verschiedenste Prozesse überprägte oberste Schicht der Erdkruste, sie sind vor allem Standort für Pflanzen und damit – neben den Umweltkompartimenten Wasser und Luft – die Grundlage des terrestrischen Lebens auf der Erde. Die Karte der "Böden der Großregion" zeigt als Ausschnitt der European Soil Database (ESDB) die typischen Bodentypen der Großregion in einer einheitlichen Klassifikation. Kartographisch abgebildet sind hier aufgrund gleicher Eigenschaften abgrenzbare bodengeographische Einheiten und ihre dominierenden Bodentypen. Deren Verbreitungsmuster, Eigenschaften und auch Probleme werden hier vorgestellt. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 112 (2 UL)![]() Wille, Christian ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) In diesen Beitrag werden die über Jahrzehnte hinweg gewachsen Strukturen der internationalen, interregionalen und grenznachbarschaftlichen Kooperation in der Großregion SaarLorLux vorgestellt. Die ... [more ▼] In diesen Beitrag werden die über Jahrzehnte hinweg gewachsen Strukturen der internationalen, interregionalen und grenznachbarschaftlichen Kooperation in der Großregion SaarLorLux vorgestellt. Die Betrachtung erfolgt ab den späten 1960er Jahren über die 1990er Jahre, in denen die grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit an allen EU-Binnengrenzen einen deutlichen Entwicklungsschub erfuhr; bis in die 2000er Jahre, in denen eine spürbare Verfestigung der grenzüberschreitenden Kooperation einsetzt. Die jeweiligen Entwicklungen werden an die entsprechenden Rahmenbedingungen, die unter anderem von Brüssel gesetzt werden, rückgebunden und nach Akteursebenen differenziert. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 121 (4 UL)![]() Mendes, Joana ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) This paper examines the effects that the reception of decisions of international organizations and bodies in EU law may have in procedural standards followed in EU law and practice, such as participation ... [more ▼] This paper examines the effects that the reception of decisions of international organizations and bodies in EU law may have in procedural standards followed in EU law and practice, such as participation and transparency. Illustrative examples shed light on the practical interactions between EU and global regulatory systems and their likely negative impact on procedural standards. The current EU rules of reception of such decisions are limited in two respects. First, issues of procedural protection are decided by the system of origin, the procedural rules of which may not be as developed as those in force in the EU. Second, rules of reception do not capture the effects of the varied interconnections developed between regulatory regimes at the global and at the EU level. The paper argues that the possible depletion of procedural standards in the segments of EU law that result from the reception of decisions of international bodies has relevant legitimacy implications. Procedural standards that may be bypassed have become accepted standards of legitimacy of the exercise of public power within the EU. Some give effect to norms of EU law and governance now enshrined in the Treaties. To the extent that they may be weakened by effect of reception of decisions of international organizations and bodies, the exercise of public authority is potentially unleashed in those areas of intersection of legal systems. The paper further lays down the premises of a normative conception of the relationships between legal orders that would allow preserving procedural standards in the areas of interaction between EU and global regulatory regimes. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 121 (1 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Nature parks are relatively extensive, mainly rural areas, whose landscapes are primarily characterised by traditional agricultural activities and are characterised by valuable aesthetic features and ... [more ▼] Nature parks are relatively extensive, mainly rural areas, whose landscapes are primarily characterised by traditional agricultural activities and are characterised by valuable aesthetic features and characteristics suitable for the reception and development of leisure activities and ecotourism. Far from large settlements, peri-urbanisation has only changed them slightly. They have been set up at different points in time within institutional frameworks whose objectives are clearly different, depending on the legislation of the four countries of the Greater Region SaarLorLux. Initially, the focus was on nature conservation, but since the 1990s sustainable local development has become increasingly important. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 101 (5 UL)![]() ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 26 (1 UL)![]() Litina, Anastasia ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) We provide empirical support and a theoretical explanation for the vicious circle of political corruption and tax evasion in which countries often fall into. We address this issue in the context of a ... [more ▼] We provide empirical support and a theoretical explanation for the vicious circle of political corruption and tax evasion in which countries often fall into. We address this issue in the context of a model with two distinct groups of agents: citizens and politicians. Citizens decide the fraction of their income for which they evade taxes. Politicians decide the fraction of the public budget that they peculate. We show that multiple self-fulfilling equilibria with different levels of corruption can emerge based on the existence of strategic complementarities, indicating that corruption may corrupt. Furthermore, we find that standard deterrence policies cannot eliminate multiplicity. Instead, policies that impose a strong moral cost on tax evaders and corrupt politicians can lead to a unique equilibrium. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 118 (4 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) In der Großregion gibt es heute nicht weniger als dreizehn UNESCO-Welterbestätten. Sie stehen für die reiche Geschichte und die außergewöhnliche kulturelle Vielfalt der Großregion, sie repräsentieren ... [more ▼] In der Großregion gibt es heute nicht weniger als dreizehn UNESCO-Welterbestätten. Sie stehen für die reiche Geschichte und die außergewöhnliche kulturelle Vielfalt der Großregion, sie repräsentieren unterschiedliche Epochen und Kategorien. Bau- und Industriedenkmäler gehören ebenso dazu, wie Platz- und Altstadtensembles, Festungsanlagen und ganze Kulturlandschaften. Jede Welterbestätte bringt ihre eigene Geschichte mit sich, ihr eigenes räumliches, kulturelles, gesellschaftliches Koordinatensystem. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 140 (1 UL)![]() Jin, Xisong ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 90 (2 UL)![]() Van Bommel, Jos ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 70 (2 UL)![]() Schmitz, Sandra ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 81 (7 UL)![]() Cole, Mark ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 50 (1 UL)![]() Priem, Karin ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 151 (3 UL)![]() Wille, Christian ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Die Großregion kennzeichnet sich durch einzigartige Arbeitsmarktverflechtungen zwischen ihren Teilgebieten. Das grenzüberschreitende Pendeln über nationale Grenzen wurde durch den Europäischen ... [more ▼] Die Großregion kennzeichnet sich durch einzigartige Arbeitsmarktverflechtungen zwischen ihren Teilgebieten. Das grenzüberschreitende Pendeln über nationale Grenzen wurde durch den Europäischen Einigungsprozess spürbar erleichtert, in dessen Zuge der Status des Grenzgängers unter sozial- und steuerrechtlichen Gesichtspunkten definiert wurde. Diese Definition unterscheidet jedoch nicht zwischen Grenzgängern, die aus ihrer ‚angestammten Region’ ins benachbarte Ausland pendeln und solchen, die aus dem benachbarten Ausland in die ‚angestammte Region’ an ihren Arbeitsplatz kommen. Das letztgenannte atypische Grenzgängerwesen gewinnt in der Großregion jedoch zunehmend an Bedeutung. Im Kontext der grenzüberscheitenden Wohnort- und atypischen Arbeitnehmermobilität werden in diesem Beitrag die Motive der atypischen Grenzgänger sowie Fragen der räumlichen Organisation von Alltagspraktiken im Zuge des Wohnortwechsels untersucht. Ferner werden Aspekte des sozialen Zusammenlebens am Wohnort beleuchtet und die subjektive Bewertung der Wohnsitzverlagerung dargelegt. Die Betrachtung dieser Teilaspekte erfolgt vergleichend am Beispiel der atypischen Pendelbewegungen an der saarländisch-lothringischen und luxemburgischen Grenze. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 179 (10 UL)![]() Bekkour, Lamia ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 84 (2 UL)![]() ; ; Litina, Anastasia ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Detailed reference viewed: 134 (4 UL)![]() Van Bommel, Jos ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 62 (1 UL)![]() Guigou, Jean-Daniel ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 33 (0 UL)![]() Van Bommel, Jos ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 122 (2 UL)![]() Neugebauer, Tibor ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 81 (2 UL)![]() Cole, Mark ![]() E-print/Working paper (2011) Detailed reference viewed: 53 (0 UL)![]() Papanikolaou, Nikolaos ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) In this paper we construct a theoretical model of spatial banking competition that considers the differential information among banks and potential borrowers in order to investigate how market structure ... [more ▼] In this paper we construct a theoretical model of spatial banking competition that considers the differential information among banks and potential borrowers in order to investigate how market structure affects the lending behavior of banks and their incentives to invest in screening technology. Consistent with the prevailing view in the relevant literature, our results reveal that competition reduces lending cost, which, in turn, encourages the entry of new customers in the loan market. Also, that the transportation cost that potential borrowers have to pay in order to reach the bank of their interest is decreased with the degree of competitiveness. Importantly, we demonstrate that market structure exerts a considerable positive effect on banks’ incentives to screen their loan applicants since banks are found to invest more in screening as competition in the market becomes higher. This is to say, banks resort to screening that serves as a buffer mechanism against bad credit which entails higher risk and which is more likely under competitive conditions. Overall, our findings provide support to a rather close link between the degree of competition, bank lending activity, and the investment of banks in screening technology. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 57 (1 UL)![]() Papanikolaou, Nikolaos ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 86 (0 UL)![]() Jin, Xisong ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 95 (2 UL)![]() ; Heinz, Andreas ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 63 (2 UL)![]() Fehlen, Fernand ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 118 (8 UL)![]() Pause, Johannes ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 52 (1 UL)![]() Jin, Xisong ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 98 (4 UL)![]() Schwartz, Deborah ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 44 (3 UL)![]() Schwartz, Deborah ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 44 (3 UL)![]() Bisdorff, Raymond ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 45 (4 UL)![]() Olivera Angulo, Javier ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) The distributional impact of the structural pension reform in Latin American countries has been largely absent in the economic debate. However, this reform may widen inequality in old-age and reduce ... [more ▼] The distributional impact of the structural pension reform in Latin American countries has been largely absent in the economic debate. However, this reform may widen inequality in old-age and reduce welfare. In this paper we study the consequences of implementing a multi-pillar system in one of these countries. We take advantage of available administrative records for Peruvian workers to estimate inequality in pensions, pension debt and welfare. Overall, our results show that the pension debt and inequality can be substantially reduced without welfare losses. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 35 (1 UL)![]() Cebotari, Victor ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 82 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Das System der Natura 2000-Schutzgebiete ist das Kernstück der Natur- und Biodiversitätspolitik der Europäischen Union. Es handelt sich um ein EU-weites Netzwerk von Schutzgebieten der Fauna-Flora ... [more ▼] Das System der Natura 2000-Schutzgebiete ist das Kernstück der Natur- und Biodiversitätspolitik der Europäischen Union. Es handelt sich um ein EU-weites Netzwerk von Schutzgebieten der Fauna-Flora-Habitatrichtlinie von 1992 (FFH-Richtlinie, vom 21. Mai 1992, 92/43/EWG) und der Vogelschutzrichtlinie von 1979 (vom 2. April 1979, 79/409/EWG). Die Karte zeigt die Natura 2000-Schutzgebiete der Großregion SaarLorLux im Jahr 2010. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 177 (5 UL)![]() Neugebauer, Tibor ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 104 (2 UL)![]() Neugebauer, Tibor ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 170 (1 UL)![]() Grammatikos, Theoharry ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 98 (2 UL)![]() ; ; Pauly, Michel ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Die Wiege der kontinentaleuropäischen Industrialisierung stand in der Großregion. Die Schwerindustrie und der Maschinenbau, als Kernkomponenten des Industrialisierungsprozesses, entfachten seit den 1820er ... [more ▼] Die Wiege der kontinentaleuropäischen Industrialisierung stand in der Großregion. Die Schwerindustrie und der Maschinenbau, als Kernkomponenten des Industrialisierungsprozesses, entfachten seit den 1820er Jahren eine beachtliche, über die Region weit hinausreichende ökonomische Relevanz. Die Eisen- und Stahlindustrie prägte nach der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts über knapp 150 Jahre hinweg die wirtschaftlichen Strukturen der Großregion SaarLorLux. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 357 (11 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Die Karte zeigt die vollständige Verbreitung und Verteilung aller Hochschuleinrichtungen in der Großregion im Juli 2010. Nicht erfasst wurden die zahlreichen wissenschaftlichen Forschungsinstitute im ... [more ▼] Die Karte zeigt die vollständige Verbreitung und Verteilung aller Hochschuleinrichtungen in der Großregion im Juli 2010. Nicht erfasst wurden die zahlreichen wissenschaftlichen Forschungsinstitute im Untersuchungsraum, an denen keine Bildungsabschlüsse erworben werden können. In der Großregion grenzen 2 Kulturen, 3 Sprachen, 4 Schul- und Bildungssysteme sowie die 5 Teilregionen aneinander, in denen verschiedene Wege eingeschlagen wurden, um die junge Generation auf das Berufsleben vorzubereiten. Bislang unterscheiden sich die Schul- und Bildungssysteme in Aufbau, Ablauf, Inhalt sowie den Ausbildungszeiträumen und den jeweiligen Zugangsbedingungen noch deutlich. Gemeinsame Voraussetzung für den Besuch einer der hier erfassten Universitäten oder Hochschulformen ist allerdings in den meisten Fällen der erfolgreiche Abschluss der Sekundarstufe II, also entweder das Baccalauréat, das Abitur oder die Fachhochschulreife bzw. ein ihnen entsprechender Schulabschluss. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 137 (3 UL)![]() Wolff, Christian ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 30 (0 UL)![]() Lehnert, Thorsten ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 75 (1 UL)![]() Neugebauer, Tibor ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 97 (4 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Die touristische Struktur der Großregion ist sehr heterogen und lässt sich nicht als eine gemeinsame Destination beschreiben. Vielmehr besteht sie aus verschiedenen Destinationen, die in diesem Artikel ... [more ▼] Die touristische Struktur der Großregion ist sehr heterogen und lässt sich nicht als eine gemeinsame Destination beschreiben. Vielmehr besteht sie aus verschiedenen Destinationen, die in diesem Artikel, unabhängig von Grenzverläufen und ausschließlich an den landschaftlichen Gegebenheiten ausgerichtet, vorgestellt werden. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 142 (8 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Schon in der Antike entstanden die ersten Großsporteinrichtungen, ihre auffällige Verbreitung im 19. Jh. blieb allerdings den wohlhabenden sozialen Schichten vorbehalten. Erst im 20. Jh. führten die ... [more ▼] Schon in der Antike entstanden die ersten Großsporteinrichtungen, ihre auffällige Verbreitung im 19. Jh. blieb allerdings den wohlhabenden sozialen Schichten vorbehalten. Erst im 20. Jh. führten die Demokratisierung und der zunehmende Wohlstand der Bevölkerung, verstärkt durch politischen Voluntarismus dazu, dass die Großsporteinrichtungen einen Aufschwung erlebten, der seither nicht mehr nachgelassen hat. Verschiedene dieser Sporteinrichtungen wurden immer größer und einigen wurden neben ihrer sportlichen Bestimmung andere Aufgaben zugedacht, kultureller (Konzerte, …), rekreativer (Geschäfte, …) oder berufsorientierter Art (Seminare, …). Die Grenzen zwischen diesen Zielen werden immer durchlässiger. So entsteht aus den Großsporteinrichtungen eine Kategorie geographischer Objekte, die es bis dato nicht gab und denen eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Raumentwicklung Aufbau zukommt. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 97 (5 UL)![]() Binsfeld, Andrea ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 56 (0 UL)![]() ; ; Nienaber, Birte ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) This is a short description of globalization in the German federal state of Saarland. Detailed reference viewed: 101 (3 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Aufgrund von unterschiedlichen natürlichen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen lassen sich deutliche Unterschiede in der räumlichen Verteilung und zeitlichen Entwicklung der ... [more ▼] Aufgrund von unterschiedlichen natürlichen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen lassen sich deutliche Unterschiede in der räumlichen Verteilung und zeitlichen Entwicklung der spätmittelalterlichen Städte in der Großregion feststellen. In der Karte "Spätmittelalterliche Städte" sind die Siedlungen dargestellt, die im späten Mittelalter, das heißt in der Zeit zwischen dem frühen 13. Jahrhundert und dem Jahr 1500, als Städte bezeichnet werden konnten. Ausschlaggebend dafür ist die Erfüllung einer Reihe von Kriterien, die durch die Definition der mittelalterlichen Stadt vorgegeben werden. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 133 (2 UL)![]() ; Picard, Pierre M. ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) In this paper we study how the trade costs and the intensity of competition can explain the existence of bilateral trade, unilateral trade and no trade within an industry. We show as trade costs decrease ... [more ▼] In this paper we study how the trade costs and the intensity of competition can explain the existence of bilateral trade, unilateral trade and no trade within an industry. We show as trade costs decrease from very high to very low values, the global economy moves from autarky to a regime of bilateral trade, through a regime of unilateral trade from the larger to the smaller country. Bilateral or unilateral trade is less likely when the global economy gets more competitive. Finally, the market delivers an outcome in which capital is too much concentrated in the larger country. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 48 (3 UL)![]() Uhrmacher, Martin ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Die Lepra ist eine Infektionskrankheit, die höchstwahrscheinlich aus dem Orient stammt und in Mitteleuropa von der Spätantike bis zum Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts verbreitet war. In dieser Zeit bestanden ... [more ▼] Die Lepra ist eine Infektionskrankheit, die höchstwahrscheinlich aus dem Orient stammt und in Mitteleuropa von der Spätantike bis zum Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts verbreitet war. In dieser Zeit bestanden die sogenannten Leprosorien als Institutionen, die speziell der Unterbringung und Versorgung Leprakranker dienten. Insbesondere vom hohen Mittelalter bis in die frühe Neuzeit waren diese Einrichtungen in Europa weit verbreitet. Die Karte zeigt die Verbreitung von Leprosorien von ihren Anfängen im Frühmittelalter bis zum Verschwinden der Krankheit zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts. Bisher wurde nur der westliche Teil der Großregion untersucht. Die östlichen Teile werden später ergänzt. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 114 (4 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Untersucht werden die Grenzänderungen, die in der Großregion SaarLorLux im Verlauf der letzten 200 Jahre stattgefunden haben. Als Anfangsdatum wurde der Wiener Kongress, der die Neuord-nung in Europa zum ... [more ▼] Untersucht werden die Grenzänderungen, die in der Großregion SaarLorLux im Verlauf der letzten 200 Jahre stattgefunden haben. Als Anfangsdatum wurde der Wiener Kongress, der die Neuord-nung in Europa zum Ziel hatte, genommen. Als vorläufiges Ende wurde das Jahr 2006 herangezo-gen. Die Geschichte dieser Region, die sich aus unterschiedlichen Ländern zusammensetzt, soll anhand der Entwicklung der Grenzen beschrieben werden. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 131 (4 UL)![]() Li, Yi ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 51 (3 UL)![]() Wille, Christian ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 83 (4 UL)![]() ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 50 (1 UL)![]() ; Caruso, Geoffrey ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) The report examines the medical infrastructure in the Greater Region. It analyses inpatient and outpatient capacities and their geographical distribution. It gives an overview of each health system and ... [more ▼] The report examines the medical infrastructure in the Greater Region. It analyses inpatient and outpatient capacities and their geographical distribution. It gives an overview of each health system and the particularities of medical care. Finally, it highlights the cooperation in the field of health care, which is becoming increasingly important in the Greater Region. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 19 (0 UL)![]() Uhrmacher, Martin ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Leprosy is an infectious disease, probably originating in Asia, which was widespread in Central Europe from late antiquity until the modern era. During this period, leprosariums were institutions that ... [more ▼] Leprosy is an infectious disease, probably originating in Asia, which was widespread in Central Europe from late antiquity until the modern era. During this period, leprosariums were institutions that served, among other things, as accommodation and care facilities for lepers. From the Early Middle Ages to the Modern Era, these institutions were particularly widespread in Europe. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 22 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) The Natura 2000 system of protected areas is at the heart of the European Union's environment and biodiversity policy. It is an EU network of protected areas under the 1992 Habitats Directive (of 21 May ... [more ▼] The Natura 2000 system of protected areas is at the heart of the European Union's environment and biodiversity policy. It is an EU network of protected areas under the 1992 Habitats Directive (of 21 May 1992, 92/43/EEC) and the 1979 Birds Directive (of 2 April 1979, 79/409/EEC). [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 20 (0 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Der Beitrag untersucht die medizinische Infrastruktur in der Großregion. Er analysiert stationäre und ambulante Kapazitäten und deren räumliche Verteilung. Er gibt einen Einblick in die jeweiligen ... [more ▼] Der Beitrag untersucht die medizinische Infrastruktur in der Großregion. Er analysiert stationäre und ambulante Kapazitäten und deren räumliche Verteilung. Er gibt einen Einblick in die jeweiligen Gesundheitssysteme und Besonderheiten der medizinischen Versorgung. Schließlich werden Kooperationen im Gesundheitswesen betrachtet, die in der Großregion zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 112 (2 UL)![]() ; Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Two cultures, three languages, four education and school systems and five sub-regions exist side by side in the Greater Region SaarLorLux, where different paths are taken to prepare the younger generation ... [more ▼] Two cultures, three languages, four education and school systems and five sub-regions exist side by side in the Greater Region SaarLorLux, where different paths are taken to prepare the younger generation for working life. Up to now, the education systems differ greatly in their structure, sequence, curriculum, years of study and admission requirements. However, in most cases, in order to enrol at one of these universities or colleges, a secondary school diploma is required. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 23 (0 UL)![]() ; Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Although the first sports facilities date back to Antiquity, the 19th century was marked by their diffusion for the benefit of the wealthy social classes. It was not until the 20th century that the ... [more ▼] Although the first sports facilities date back to Antiquity, the 19th century was marked by their diffusion for the benefit of the wealthy social classes. It was not until the 20th century that the democratisation and enrichment of society, supported by political will, gave them a boom that has not been denied. Some of these facilities are becoming larger and larger and, in addition to their primary sporting vocation, have other objectives of a cultural (concerts, etc.), recreational (shops, etc.) or professional (seminars, etc.) nature. The boundary between these objectives is becoming tenuous. This makes large sports facilities a new category of geographical objects with considerable stakes in terms of territorial construction. Having become profit centres, sometimes financed solely by the private sector, and more often than not supported by a partnership in which the local authorities relay their development ambitions, they are revealing and are among the most important drivers of the dynamics of the territories in which they are located. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 21 (0 UL)![]() Pauly, Michel ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 69 (3 UL)![]() Picard, Pierre M. ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) This paper considers the spatial structure of a city subject to final demand and vertical linkages. Individuals consume differentiated goods (or services) and firms purchase differentiated inputs (or ... [more ▼] This paper considers the spatial structure of a city subject to final demand and vertical linkages. Individuals consume differentiated goods (or services) and firms purchase differentiated inputs (or services) in product (or service) markets where forms compete under monopolistic competition. Workers rent their residential lots in an urban land market and contribute to the production of differentiated goods and inputs. We show that firms and workers co-agglomerate and endogenously form a city. We characterize and discuss the spatial distribution of firms and consumers in such cities on one- and twodimensional spaces (linear city and planar city). We show that final demand and vertical linkages raise the urban density and reduce the city spread. We finally show that a city is too much dispersed compared to the social optimum. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 117 (0 UL)![]() ; Powell, Justin J W ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Even today, school segregation continues to be understood as legitimate in Germany. Charting the discourse of learning disability provides insights into special education’s development as a segregated ... [more ▼] Even today, school segregation continues to be understood as legitimate in Germany. Charting the discourse of learning disability provides insights into special education’s development as a segregated, independent system of school types and the resulting legitimacy that contributes to the maintenance of school segregation throughout educational systems in Germany. We focus on learning disability discourse and knowledge, the special education profession, and the expansion of its main school type, the support school (Hilfsschule), from around 1900 to today. The special education profession exhibits not only junctures but also remarkable historical continuity. As delineated here, a key factor in the continued growth of special education is the authority of the profession with respect to “learning disability” and the discourse that continues to legitimate the classification of pupils as “learning disabled” and the resulting segregated schooling. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 126 (3 UL)![]() Neugebauer, Tibor ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 100 (9 UL)![]() Li, Yi ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 54 (1 UL)![]() ; ; Helfer, Malte ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) The Greater Region is the cradle of industrialisation in continental Europe. As early as the 1820s, heavy industry and mechanical engineering, the core competencies of the industrialisation process, were ... [more ▼] The Greater Region is the cradle of industrialisation in continental Europe. As early as the 1820s, heavy industry and mechanical engineering, the core competencies of the industrialisation process, were of considerable economic importance far beyond the region. From the second half of the 19th century onwards, the iron and steel industry shaped the economic structure of the Greater Region for over 150 years. The map traces the history of the iron and steel industry from 1900 to the present day, while the texts relating to the territories set out elements from earlier periods. As in the case of coal mining, the number of production sites has declined more or less continuously during the course of industrialisation and globalisation, while production reached its peak in the early 1970s. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 30 (0 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Wie wird die Großregion jenseits der Grenzen von den Medien wahrgenommen? Am Beispiel der wichtigsten regionalen Tageszeitungen wird untersucht: Was sind für die Medien Nachrichten-Zentren, was ... [more ▼] Wie wird die Großregion jenseits der Grenzen von den Medien wahrgenommen? Am Beispiel der wichtigsten regionalen Tageszeitungen wird untersucht: Was sind für die Medien Nachrichten-Zentren, was informationelle Peripherien in den Nachbarregionen? Welche Themen sind dabei dominant? [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 120 (4 UL)![]() Binsfeld, Andrea ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 45 (0 UL)![]() Binsfeld, Andrea ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 62 (0 UL)![]() Wille, Christian ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Die Karte zeigt die Grenzgängerströme zwischen den Teilräumen der Großregion. Dabei sind besonders ausgeprägte Einpendelbewegungen an der luxemburgischen Staatsgrenze zu beobachten und viele Grenzgänger ... [more ▼] Die Karte zeigt die Grenzgängerströme zwischen den Teilräumen der Großregion. Dabei sind besonders ausgeprägte Einpendelbewegungen an der luxemburgischen Staatsgrenze zu beobachten und viele Grenzgänger, die aus Lothringen in das benachbarte Wallonien, Großherzogtum und Saarland auspendeln. Seit der Jahrtausendwende kommen auch aus den deutschen Bundesländern immer mehr Menschen nach Luxemburg an ihren Arbeitsplatz. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 117 (8 UL)![]() Binsfeld, Andrea ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 57 (0 UL)![]() Jin, Xisong ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 76 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) A historical topographic map from the early 19th century, the Tranchot and v. Müffling map covers most of the German part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Müffling covers most of the German part of the ... [more ▼] A historical topographic map from the early 19th century, the Tranchot and v. Müffling map covers most of the German part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Müffling covers most of the German part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Together with the Cassini Map for the French part and the Ferraris Map for Wallonia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the situation before the revolutionary changes by the industrial revolution can be represented for most of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. In order to explain the map of Tranchot and v. Müffling for the GR-Atlas extracts from Carl, Marie-Luise 2004: "Der Hintergrund zur Kartenaufnahme der Rheinlande durch Tranchot und von Müffling im Spiegel einer Inschrift", largely based on Schmidt, R. 1973 and Effertz, P. 1990, are assembled here. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 18 (0 UL)![]() ![]() ; Poncin, Norbert ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 76 (4 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) A historical topographic map from the end of the 18th respectively the beginning of the 19th century, the Cassini Map covers the French part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Together with the Tranchot ... [more ▼] A historical topographic map from the end of the 18th respectively the beginning of the 19th century, the Cassini Map covers the French part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Together with the Tranchot-Müffling Map for the German area and the Ferraris Map for Wallonia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the situation before the revolutionary changes by the industrial revolution can be represented for most of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. In order to explain the Cassini map for the GR-Atlas extracts from the indicated sources are assembled. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 19 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Cross-border peri-urban public transport is primarily a reflection of daily migration between the labour markets of the different parts of the Greater Region. between the labour markets of the different ... [more ▼] Cross-border peri-urban public transport is primarily a reflection of daily migration between the labour markets of the different parts of the Greater Region. between the labour markets of the different parts of the Greater Region. Of the 196,000 commuters (2008), about 15% now use cross-border public transport, which has been steadily expanded in recent years. But 85% still use their car, which often offers time advantages for long connections, especially in the case of public transport transfers with changes. Although trains and buses are commonly used for different trips (shopping, excursions, etc.), the concentration of traffic hours usually observed at the beginning and end of the day suggests that day-trippers are the main users. The main purpose of the cross-border lines is to serve Luxembourg (where the labour market has developed considerably in recent decades) from the former industrial areas of Lorraine, Longwy and Thionville, Wallonia, the Trier region and Saarland. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 22 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) The maps show soil images taken by satellite in 1990, 2000 and 2006 as part of the European CORINE Land Cover research project. European research project CORINE Land Cover. The smallest unit shown covers ... [more ▼] The maps show soil images taken by satellite in 1990, 2000 and 2006 as part of the European CORINE Land Cover research project. European research project CORINE Land Cover. The smallest unit shown covers an area of of 25 hectares. Until a few decades ago, it was generally assumed that human activities had little impact on the soil because of nature's capacity for regeneration. However, the practice of agriculture over the centuries has led to irreversible changes in some areas. In the recent past, the development of housing and the construction of transport routes has increasingly led to the sealing of the soil. It is only in recent decades that people have become aware of the need to monitor changes in land use. Amongst other things, there has been a growing desertification of certain regions, the rapid disappearance of forests, the increasing drying up of wetlands and the continuous expansion of urbanised areas along the coast. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 17 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Die Cassini-Karte deckt als historische topographische Karte aus dem späten 18. bzw. frühen 19. Jahrhundert den französischen Teil der Großregion SaarLorLux ab. Gemeinsam mit der Tranchot-Müffling-Karte ... [more ▼] Die Cassini-Karte deckt als historische topographische Karte aus dem späten 18. bzw. frühen 19. Jahrhundert den französischen Teil der Großregion SaarLorLux ab. Gemeinsam mit der Tranchot-Müffling-Karte für den deutschen Bereich sowie der Ferraris-Karte für den wallonischen Teil sowie das Großherzogtum Luxemburg kann so die Situation fast der gesamten Großregion SaarLorLux vor den umwälzenden Veränderungen durch die industrielle Revolution dargestellt werden. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 104 (3 UL)![]() Zetzsche, Dirk Andreas ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Abstract: The key issue concerning shareholder transparency rules, and the related rules on acting in concert (Europe), or the voting group concept (U.S.) is enforcement. Rather than thinking about ... [more ▼] Abstract: The key issue concerning shareholder transparency rules, and the related rules on acting in concert (Europe), or the voting group concept (U.S.) is enforcement. Rather than thinking about appropriate enforcement measures, jurisdictions such as the UK and Switzerland decided in favor of Economic Ownership Disclosure. The current debate in the U.S., on the European and national level of some European jurisdictions is moving in the same direction. This article examines a different option which is the better enforcement of existing transparency rules. In order to counter secret acquisition strategies, similar to antitrust leniency and “protected disclosure” (i.e. whistle blowing) rules, governments are best advised to assign a reward for disclosure. Under the reward model presented here, the initial stock price reaction reflects the value of the information previously hidden from the market. The first participant of a scheme who discloses the holdings of all scheme participants is to be assigned the difference between the price of the target’s voting shares ex ante and ex post disclosure, calculated on the basis of the participants' joint holdings of shares (Announcement Premium). Distinguishing between schemes based on the equity value of the parties involved (Equity Strategy) – commonly referred to as wolf packs - and schemes where an acquirer seeks to create a large stake based on derivatives (Service Strategy), assigning the Announcement Premium to the first entity disclosing the scheme’s holding and intentions is likely to counter Equity Strategies efficiently. The Service Strategy is countered effectively by granting the Announcement Premium to agents that act on behalf of the intermediaries (i.e. to bank employees). [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 144 (1 UL)![]() ![]() Powell, Justin J W ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) A number of European initiatives aim to create a European educational space, including vocational training and higher education. Following the logic of difference, we ask whether, despite their different ... [more ▼] A number of European initiatives aim to create a European educational space, including vocational training and higher education. Following the logic of difference, we ask whether, despite their different institutionalization, these two sectors in France and Germany react similarly to the Europe-wide Copenhagen and Bologna processes. We compare the relationship between vocational education and training (VET) and higher education (HE), contrasting a number of influential typologies. Analyzing the current situation, we ask whether these differences in postsecondary education and training systems continue to exist. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 153 (7 UL)![]() Hofmann, Herwig ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) The growing inter-relatedness between EC and EU law with national criminal law can be well illustrated with the example of enforcement of EU law. Criminal law is one of the latest examples of increasing ... [more ▼] The growing inter-relatedness between EC and EU law with national criminal law can be well illustrated with the example of enforcement of EU law. Criminal law is one of the latest examples of increasing European integration within the perimeters of explicit competences of EU/EC law which additionally is driven ahead by what functionalist theories of European integration might refer to as a spill-over of approaches. Necessities of crossborder crime and criminal enforcement make cooperation necessary. The latter takes place to a certain degree on the basis of positive law established on the basis of the Treaties. It also takes place in the context of evolutionary development of what one might refer to as ‘administrative networks.’ [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 195 (4 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Die beiden Klimakarten der Großregion, die hier beschrieben werden, zeigen die Jahresmitteltemperaturen und das Jahresmittel der Niederschläge für den Zeitraum von 1971 bis 2000. Detailed reference viewed: 80 (3 UL)![]() Wolff, Christian ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 30 (0 UL)![]() Lehnert, Thorsten ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 81 (0 UL)![]() Lehnert, Thorsten ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 168 (0 UL)![]() ; Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) In 2008, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg had 238 service stations, of which 167 (almost three-quarters) were located in the immediate vicinity of the country's border. Luxembourg's relatively small surface ... [more ▼] In 2008, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg had 238 service stations, of which 167 (almost three-quarters) were located in the immediate vicinity of the country's border. Luxembourg's relatively small surface area suggests that the service stations are all close to the border. However, there are disparities: in the interior of the country, the location of service stations depends for the most part on the geographical distribution of the population and the main transport network. The density of service stations is high in the region of Luxembourg City, the centre and main crossroads of the Grand Duchy where the A1, A3, A4 and A6 radial motorways converge, as well as in the densely populated areas of the south of the country, crossed from east to west by the A13. In the north of the country, however, where the population is lower and the transport infrastructure is still underdeveloped, there are fewer service stations. As the main road north of Ettelbruck is only a national road (N7), this region has no motorway access to neighbouring countries. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 22 (0 UL)![]() Wolff, Christian ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 21 (0 UL)![]() ; Pauly, Michel ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Das Großherzogtum Luxemburg verfügte im Jahr 2008 über 238 Tankstellen. Allein 167 davon - knapp drei Viertel - liegen in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Landesgrenze. Hier kam es in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu ... [more ▼] Das Großherzogtum Luxemburg verfügte im Jahr 2008 über 238 Tankstellen. Allein 167 davon - knapp drei Viertel - liegen in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Landesgrenze. Hier kam es in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einer unverhältnismäßig hohen Konzentration von Tankstellen als Folge des internationalen Tanktourismus, eines Phänomens, das sich aus dem deutlichen Preisvorteil des Kraftstoffs in Luxemburg gegenüber seinen Nachbarländern ergibt. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 141 (2 UL)![]() Lemaire, Léa ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 53 (0 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Die Tranchot-Müffling-Karte deckt als historische topographische Karte aus dem frühen 19. Jahrhundert den deutschen Teil der Großregion SaarLorLux ab. Gemeinsam mit der Cassini-Karte für den französischen ... [more ▼] Die Tranchot-Müffling-Karte deckt als historische topographische Karte aus dem frühen 19. Jahrhundert den deutschen Teil der Großregion SaarLorLux ab. Gemeinsam mit der Cassini-Karte für den französischen Bereich sowie der Ferraris-Karte für den wallonischen Teil sowie das Großherzogtum Luxemburg kann so die Situation fast der gesamten Großregion SaarLorLux vor den umwälzenden Veränderungen durch die industrielle Revolution dargestellt werden. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 152 (2 UL)![]() Hofmann, Herwig ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) This paper has as objective to review some consequences of understanding EU law as the law of an integrated legal order. It does so in order to foster an understanding of EU public law beyond the ... [more ▼] This paper has as objective to review some consequences of understanding EU law as the law of an integrated legal order. It does so in order to foster an understanding of EU public law beyond the traditional concepts of the EU as a quasi federal system or merely a refined international organization, a constitutional or an administrative legal order. This paper’s objective is to initiate some reflection on what might be a step beyond imagining EU public law from traditional perspectives. It is a piece of work in progress, a contribution to on ongoing debate and reflection. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 150 (2 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) A historical topographic map from the late 18th century, the Ferraris Map covers Wallonia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, then the western part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Together with the ... [more ▼] A historical topographic map from the late 18th century, the Ferraris Map covers Wallonia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, then the western part of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. Together with the Tranchot-Müffling Map for the German area and the Cassini Map for the French part, the situation before the revolutionary changes by the industrial revolution can be represented for most of the Greater SaarLorLux Region. In order to explain the Ferraris map for the GR-Atlas extracts from Misson 2005 and Maeyer are assembled here. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 22 (0 UL)![]() Hofmann, Herwig ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) This contribution has the objective to reflect on existing and impending challenges to EU public law from an administrative perspective. This will be undertaken against the fast-paced developments of the ... [more ▼] This contribution has the objective to reflect on existing and impending challenges to EU public law from an administrative perspective. This will be undertaken against the fast-paced developments of the past 50 years linking various levels of government and administration in the Member States and the EU to administrative networks which are active also on the international scene. In this context, European administrative law has grown and evolved and has become an important, yet often not very fully understood, factor shaping the reality of policy implementation in the EU. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 174 (2 UL)![]() Picard, Pierre M. ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) This paper considers a simple stochastic model of international trade with three countries. Two of the tree countries are in an economic union. Comparisons are made between equilibrium welfare for these ... [more ▼] This paper considers a simple stochastic model of international trade with three countries. Two of the tree countries are in an economic union. Comparisons are made between equilibrium welfare for these two countries under fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes. Within the model it is shown that flexible exchange rate regimes generate greater welfare. However, we then consider comparisons of welfare when the two countries also engage in some international assistance in order to share risk. Such risksharing is limited by enforcement constraints of cross border assistance. It is shown that, when one takes into account risk-sharing and limited commitment, fixed exchange rate regimes associated with a currency area can dominate flexible exchange rate regimes, which reverses the standard result. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 47 (5 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Die Ferraris-Karte deckt als historische topographische Karte aus dem späten 18. Jahrhundert den wallonischen und luxemburgischen Teil der Großregion SaarLorLux ab. Gemeinsam mit der Cassini-Karte für den ... [more ▼] Die Ferraris-Karte deckt als historische topographische Karte aus dem späten 18. Jahrhundert den wallonischen und luxemburgischen Teil der Großregion SaarLorLux ab. Gemeinsam mit der Cassini-Karte für den französischen Bereich sowie der Tranchot-Müffling-Karte für den deutschen Teil kann so die Situation fast der gesamten Großregion SaarLorLux vor den umwälzenden Veränderungen durch die industrielle Revolution dargestellt werden. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 147 (2 UL)![]() Helfer, Malte ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) Die Karte zeigt die grenzüberschreitenden Verbindungen des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs in der Großregion SaarLorLux mit Bus und Bahn. Die Binnenverbindungen sind nicht dargestellt. Der ... [more ▼] Die Karte zeigt die grenzüberschreitenden Verbindungen des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs in der Großregion SaarLorLux mit Bus und Bahn. Die Binnenverbindungen sind nicht dargestellt. Der grenzüberschreitende Personennahverkehr reflektiert vor allem die internationalen Pendelbeziehungen zwischen den einzelnen Teilarbeitsmärkten der Großregion. Von den rund 196 000 Pendlern (2008) benutzen inzwischen etwa 15% den grenzüberschreitenden öffentlichen Nahverkehr, der in den letzten Jahren imnmer weiter ausgebaut wurde. 85% nutzen weiterhin den Pkw, der bei den oft weiten Pendelentfernungen insbesondere gegenüber Umsteigeverbindungen des ÖPNV Zeitvorteile bietet. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 132 (2 UL)![]() Mendes, Joana ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) The Code of Good Administrative Behaviour has passed fairly unnoticed in academic research on the principle of good administration. However, it is an important source to understand the meaning of this ... [more ▼] The Code of Good Administrative Behaviour has passed fairly unnoticed in academic research on the principle of good administration. However, it is an important source to understand the meaning of this principle and concept in European administrative law, since it encompasses some of its dimensions that tend to be overlooked by the case law of the European Courts and also by European law scholars. Furthermore, contrary to what recent developments let believe – namely, the fact that the Commission refuses to put forth a proposal for a European regulation that would make the provisions of the Code binding – the Code remains relevant to map possible legal developments regarding good administration. The article1 explains the reasons and meaning of the link between the Code and Article 41 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, analyses the complexity and uncertainty of the concept “good administration”, characterises its different legal and non-legal facets highlighting the interconnections between them. In addition, it demonstrates how these different layers are reflected in the Code, underlines the Code’s links with previous EU law developments, its added legal value and the functions it currently performs, considering also the different paths through which further legal, binding developments could derive from the Code. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 185 (8 UL)![]() Pfister, Laurent ![]() ![]() ![]() E-print/Working paper (2009) The two maps show the climate normals for average annual temperature and precipitation in the Greater Region for the period 1971 to 2000. Subject to natural variability, the weather conditions encountered ... [more ▼] The two maps show the climate normals for average annual temperature and precipitation in the Greater Region for the period 1971 to 2000. Subject to natural variability, the weather conditions encountered over the days and seasons characterise the climate of a region. For obvious reasons of representativeness, the mathematical expression of the climate in terms of average, maximum or minimum values of various variables (precipitation, temperatures, etc.) must necessarily cover a whole range of conditions, which may be distinguished by very contrasting frequencies of occurrence. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 22 (0 UL) |
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