References of "Scientific journals"
     in
Bookmark and Share    
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailUsing small-angle scattering to guide functional magnetic nanoparticle design
Honecker, Dirk; Bersweiler, Mathias UL; Erokhin, Sergey et al

in Nanoscale Advances (2022), 4

Detailed reference viewed: 51 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFairness, integrity, and privacy in a scalable blockchain-based federated learning system
Rückel, Timon; Sedlmeir, Johannes UL; Hofmann, Peter

in Computer Networks (2022), 202

Federated machine learning (FL) allows to collectively train models on sensitive data as only the clients’ models and not their training data need to be shared. However, despite the attention that ... [more ▼]

Federated machine learning (FL) allows to collectively train models on sensitive data as only the clients’ models and not their training data need to be shared. However, despite the attention that research on FL has drawn, the concept still lacks broad adoption in practice. One of the key reasons is the great challenge to implement FL systems that simultaneously achieve fairness, integrity, and privacy preservation for all participating clients. To contribute to solving this issue, our paper suggests a FL system that incorporates blockchain technology, local differential privacy, and zero-knowledge proofs. Our implementation of a proof-of-concept with multiple linear regressions illustrates that these state-of-the-art technologies can be combined to a FL system that aligns economic incentives, trust, and confidentiality requirements in a scalable and transparent system. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 17 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailAssociation of ultra-rare coding variants with genetic generalized epilepsy: A case–control whole exome sequencing study
Koko, Mahmoud; Motelow, Joshua E.; Stanley, Kate E. et al

in Epilepsia (2022)

Abstract Objective We aimed to identify genes associated with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) by combining large cohorts enriched with individuals with a positive family history. Secondarily, we set ... [more ▼]

Abstract Objective We aimed to identify genes associated with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) by combining large cohorts enriched with individuals with a positive family history. Secondarily, we set out to compare the association of genes independently with familial and sporadic GGE. Methods We performed a case–control whole exome sequencing study in unrelated individuals of European descent diagnosed with GGE (previously recruited and sequenced through multiple international collaborations) and ancestry-matched controls. The association of ultra-rare variants (URVs; in 18 834 protein-coding genes) with epilepsy was examined in 1928 individuals with GGE (vs. 8578 controls), then separately in 945 individuals with familial GGE (vs. 8626 controls), and finally in 1005 individuals with sporadic GGE (vs. 8621 controls). We additionally examined the association of URVs with familial and sporadic GGE in two gene sets important for inhibitory signaling (19 genes encoding γ-aminobutyric acid type A [GABAA] receptors, 113 genes representing the GABAergic pathway). Results GABRG2 was associated with GGE (p = 1.8 × 10−5), approaching study-wide significance in familial GGE (p = 3.0 × 10−6), whereas no gene approached a significant association with sporadic GGE. Deleterious URVs in the most intolerant subgenic regions in genes encoding GABAA receptors were associated with familial GGE (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9, 95 confidence interval [CI] = 1.9–7.8, false discovery rate [FDR]-adjusted p = .0024), whereas their association with sporadic GGE had marginally lower odds (OR = 3.1, 95 CI = 1.3–6.7, FDR-adjusted p = .022). URVs in GABAergic pathway genes were associated with familial GGE (OR = 1.8, 95 CI = 1.3–2.5, FDR-adjusted p = .0024) but not with sporadic GGE (OR = 1.3, 95 CI = .9–1.9, FDR-adjusted p = .19). Significance URVs in GABRG2 are likely an important risk factor for familial GGE. The association of gene sets of GABAergic signaling with familial GGE is more prominent than with sporadic GGE. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 39 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailSpecial Issue on New Paradigms of Software Production and Deployment
Capozucca, Alfredo UL; Bruel, Jean-Michel; Mazzara, Manuel et al

in SN Computer Science (2022), 3(132),

Ediorial of the Special Issue on “New paradigms of software production and deployment”.

Detailed reference viewed: 67 (9 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFocal adhesion kinase plays a dual role in TRAIL resistance and metastatic outgrowth of malignant melanoma
Del Mistro, Greta; Riemann, Shamala; Schindler, Sebastian et al

in Cell Death and Disease (2022)

Despite remarkable advances in therapeutic interventions, malignant melanoma (MM) remains a life-threating disease. Following high initial response rates to targeted kinase-inhibition metastases quickly ... [more ▼]

Despite remarkable advances in therapeutic interventions, malignant melanoma (MM) remains a life-threating disease. Following high initial response rates to targeted kinase-inhibition metastases quickly acquire resistance and present with enhanced tumor progression and invasion, demanding alternative treatment options. We show 2nd generation hexameric TRAIL-receptor-agonist IZI1551 (IZI) to effectively induce apoptosis in MM cells irrespective of the intrinsic BRAF/NRAS mutation status. Conditioning to the EC50 dose of IZI converted the phenotype of IZI-sensitive parental MM cells into a fast proliferating and invasive, IZI-resistant metastasis. Mechanistically, we identified focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to play a dual role in phenotype-switching. In the cytosol, activated FAK triggers survival pathways in a PI3K- and MAPK-dependent manner. In the nucleus, the FERM domain of FAK prevents activation of wtp53, as being expressed in the majority of MM, and consequently intrinsic apoptosis. Caspase-8-mediated cleavage of FAK as well as FAK knockdown, and pharmacological inhibition, respectively, reverted the metastatic phenotype-switch and restored IZI responsiveness. FAK inhibition also re-sensitized MM cells isolated from patient metastasis that had relapsed from targeted kinase inhibition to cell death, irrespective of the intrinsic BRAF/NRAS mutation status. Hence, FAK-inhibition alone or in combination with 2nd generation TRAIL-receptor agonists may be recommended for treatment of initially resistant and relapsed MM, respectively. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 108 (7 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailCerebro: Static Subsuming Mutant Selection
Garg, Aayush UL; Ojdanic, Milos UL; Degiovanni, Renzo Gaston UL et al

in IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 149 (36 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailIntersectional Inequalities in Science
Kozlowski, Diego UL; Larivière, Vincent; Sugimoto, Cassidy R. et al

in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2022), 119(2), 2113067119

The US scientific workforce is primarily composed of White men. Studies have demonstrated the systemic barriers preventing women and other minoritized populations from gaining entry to science; few ... [more ▼]

The US scientific workforce is primarily composed of White men. Studies have demonstrated the systemic barriers preventing women and other minoritized populations from gaining entry to science; few, however, have taken an intersectional perspective and examined the consequences of these inequalities on scientific knowledge. We provide a large-scale bibliometric analysis of the relationship between intersectional identities, topics, and scientific impact. We find homophily between identities and topic, suggesting a relationship between diversity in the scientific workforce and expansion of the knowledge base. However, topic selection comes at a cost to minoritized individuals for whom we observe both between- and within-topic citation disadvantages. To enhance the robustness of science, research organizations should provide adequate resources to historically underfunded research areas while simultaneously providing access for minoritized individuals into high-prestige networks and topics. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 63 (5 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailOn the derivation of a Nonlinear Generalized Langevin Equation
di Cairano, Loris UL

in Journal of Physics Communications (2022), 6

Detailed reference viewed: 17 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDairy Intake and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Domenighetti, Cloé; Sugier, Pierre-Emmanuel; Ashok Kumar Sreelatha, Ashwin et al

in Movement Disorders (2022)

Abstract Background Previous prospective studies highlighted dairy intake as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), particularly in men. It is unclear whether this association is causal or explained ... [more ▼]

Abstract Background Previous prospective studies highlighted dairy intake as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), particularly in men. It is unclear whether this association is causal or explained by reverse causation or confounding. Objective The aim is to examine the association between genetically predicted dairy intake and PD using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods We genotyped a well-established instrumental variable for dairy intake located in the lactase gene (rs4988235) within the Courage-PD consortium (23 studies; 9823 patients and 8376 controls of European ancestry). Results Based on a dominant model, there was an association between genetic predisposition toward higher dairy intake and PD (odds ratio [OR] per one serving per day = 1.70, 95 confidence interval = 1.12–2.60, P = 0.013) that was restricted to men (OR = 2.50 [1.37–4.56], P = 0.003; P-difference with women = 0.029). Conclusions Using MR, our findings provide further support for a causal relationship between dairy intake and higher PD risk, not biased by confounding or reverse causation. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 82 (5 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailSexual Satisfaction and Sexual Behaviors During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Results From the International Sexual Health and Reproductive (I-SHARE) Health Survey in Luxembourg
Jobim Fischer, Vinicius UL; Gomez Bravo, Raquel UL; Einloft Brunnet, Alice et al

in BMC Public Health (2022)

Aim: To identify the impact of COVID-19 measures on sexual behaviors and sexual satisfaction in Luxembourg residents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of adults (> 18 years of age ... [more ▼]

Aim: To identify the impact of COVID-19 measures on sexual behaviors and sexual satisfaction in Luxembourg residents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of adults (> 18 years of age) residing in Luxembourg, while COVID-19 restrictions were in place. The survey was available in four languages (French, German, English and Portuguese). Survey questions focused on masturbation, cuddling, condom use, sex frequency, sexting, cybersex, watching porn, and sexual satisfaction. Results: 557 volunteers completed the survey (35.5% men, 64.3% women). Sexual problems increased during the COVID-19 measures while sexual satisfaction decreased compared to prior the COVID-19 measures (assessed retrospectively). Factors associated with increased odds of sexual satisfaction were: having a steady relationship before COVID-19 restrictions, engaging in sexting, reporting good mental health and not altering alcohol intake. Conclusions: The context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented in Luxembourg affected sexual behaviors and sexual satisfaction. Sexual and reproductive health care centers and health professionals in general should take these results into consideration when providing care. Recommendations on the importance of sexual health for general wellbeing and behaviors associated with sexual satisfaction should be offered and possibilities to experience sexuality while reducing contamination risks be discussed. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 48 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDYT6 mutated THAP1 is a cell type dependent regulator of the SP1 family.
Cheng, Fubo; Zheng, Wenxu; Barbuti, Peter Antony et al

in Brain : a journal of neurology (2022), 145(11), 3968-3984

DYT6 dystonia is caused by mutations in the transcription factor THAP1. THAP1 knock-out or knock-in mouse models revealed complex gene expression changes, which are potentially responsible for the ... [more ▼]

DYT6 dystonia is caused by mutations in the transcription factor THAP1. THAP1 knock-out or knock-in mouse models revealed complex gene expression changes, which are potentially responsible for the pathogenesis of DYT6 dystonia. However, how THAP1 mutations lead to these gene expression alterations and whether the gene expression changes are also reflected in the brain of THAP1 patients are still unclear. In this study we used epigenetic and transcriptomic approaches combined with multiple model systems [THAP1 patients' frontal cortex, THAP1 patients' induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons, THAP1 heterozygous knock-out rat model, and THAP1 heterozygous knock-out SH-SY5Y cell lines] to uncover a novel function of THAP1 and the potential pathogenesis of DYT6 dystonia. We observed that THAP1 targeted only a minority of differentially expressed genes caused by its mutation. THAP1 mutations lead to dysregulation of genes mainly through regulation of SP1 family members, SP1 and SP4, in a cell type dependent manner. Comparing global differentially expressed genes detected in THAP1 patients' iPSC-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons and THAP1 heterozygous knock-out rat striatum, we observed many common dysregulated genes and 61 of them were involved in dystonic syndrome-related pathways, like synaptic transmission, nervous system development, and locomotor behaviour. Further behavioural and electrophysiological studies confirmed the involvement of these pathways in THAP1 knock-out rats. Taken together, our study characterized the function of THAP1 and contributes to the understanding of the pathogenesis of primary dystonia in humans and rats. As SP1 family members were dysregulated in some neurodegenerative diseases, our data may link THAP1 dystonia to multiple neurological diseases and may thus provide common treatment targets. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 13 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailBlockchain matters – lex cryptographia and the displacement of legal symbolics and imaginaries
Becker, Katrin UL

in Law and Critique (2022)

This article focusses on the social and legal implications that blockchain technology brings about, not only due to its ideological framework, but also, and especially, due to the concept of law it ... [more ▼]

This article focusses on the social and legal implications that blockchain technology brings about, not only due to its ideological framework, but also, and especially, due to the concept of law it inaugurates. Thus, this article claims, that, by interlocking technological and legal structures, blockchain technology initiates a profound displacement of legal symbolics and imaginaries. It shows how blockchain law, by emancipating itself from three essential dimensions of law—language, territory, and the body—implies a profound disruption of how we perceive law and its legitimacy. Starting with an overview of the technological details of blockchain, the paper then addresses its ideological context and traces the underlying ideas, values and functions and their relation with—and impact on—the general perception of law and legal issues. By critically assessing the claim that blockchain will liberate the subject from any heteronymic constraints, this paper analyses to what extent this technology has social and legal implications that reach far beyond its virtual, purely blockchain-related scope of applications—and why this technology should matter to us all. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 109 (5 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailCalibration of the Latest Generation Superconducting Gravimeter iGrav-043 Using the Observatory Superconducting Gravimeter OSG-CT040 and the Comparisons of Their Characteristics at the Walferdange Underground Laboratory for Geodynamics, Luxembourg
Elsaka, Basem; Francis, Olivier UL; Kusche, Jürgen

in Pure and Applied Geophysics (2022)

In December 2019, the latest generation transportable superconducting gravimeter (SG) iGrav-043 purchased by the University of Bonn was installed in the Walferdange Underground Laboratory for Geodynamics ... [more ▼]

In December 2019, the latest generation transportable superconducting gravimeter (SG) iGrav-043 purchased by the University of Bonn was installed in the Walferdange Underground Laboratory for Geodynamics (WULG) in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. In this paper, we estimate the calibration factor of the iGrav-043, which is essential for long-term gravity monitoring. We used simultaneously collected gravity data from the un-calibrated iGrav-043 and the calibrated Observatory superconducting gravimeter OSG-CT040 that operates continuously at WULG since 2002. The tidal analysis provides a simple way to transfer the calibration factor of one SG to the other. We then assess and compare tidal analyses, instrumental drifts and high frequency noises. After 20 years of continuous operation, the instrumental drift of the OSG-CT040 is almost zero. From 533 days of joint operation, we found that the instrumental drift of iGrav-043 exhibits a composite behavior: just after the setup and for two months a fast exponential decrease of 171 nm s−2, then a linear with a rate of 66 nm s−2 ± 10 nm s−2 per year. We suggest that a period of 3 months is sufficient for calibrating the iGrav. Accidental electrical power cuts triggered slight differences in the reaction and recovery of the OSG-CT040 and iGrav-043. However, it has been found that the long-term linear behavior of the drift was not affected. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 48 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailWhen less is more: Investigating factors influencing the distraction effect of virtual reality from pain
Barcatta, Katharina; Holl, Elisabeth UL; Battistutta, Layla UL et al

in Frontiers in Pain Research (2022), 2

Detailed reference viewed: 58 (6 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailInterpolating Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics Hamiltonian with Artificial Neural Networks
Bipeng Wang; Weibin Chu; Tkatchenko, Alexandre UL et al

in Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 165 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC ENHANCED ENTRY SYSTEM FOR SPACE TRANSPORTATION (MEESST) AS A KEY BUILDING BLOCK FOR LOW-COST INTERPLANETARY MISSIONS
La Rosa Betancourt, Manuel; Collier-Wright, Marcus; Boegel, Elias et al

in Journal of the British Interplanetary Society (2022), 74(12), 448-453

Aside from the launch environment, atmospheric re-entry imposes one of the most demanding environments which a spacecraft can experience. The combination of high spacecraft velocity and the presence of ... [more ▼]

Aside from the launch environment, atmospheric re-entry imposes one of the most demanding environments which a spacecraft can experience. The combination of high spacecraft velocity and the presence of atmospheric particles leads to partially ionised gas forming around the vehicle, which significantly inhibits radio communications, and leads to the generation of high thermal loads on the spacecraft surface. Currently, the latter is solved using expensive, heavy, and often expendable thermal protection systems (TPS). The use of electromagnetic fields to exploit Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) principles has long been considered as an attractive solution for this problem. By displacing the ionised gas away from the spacecraft, the thermal loads can be reduced, while also opening a magnetic window for radio waves, mitigating the blackout phenomenon. The application of this concept has to date not been possible due to the large magnetic fields required, which would necessitate the use of exceptionally massive and power-hungry copper coils. High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) have now reached industrial maturity. HTS coils can now offer the necessary low weight and compactness required for space applications. The MEESST consortium the has been awarded a grant from the EU Horizon 2020 programme for the development and demonstration of a novel HTS-based re-entry system based with its foundation on MHD principles. The project will first harmonize existing numerical codes, and then design, manufacture, and test a HTS magnet. The study shows that the use of MEESST technology can have a positive impact on the cost-effectiveness and available payload of interplanetary missions. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 137 (18 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFrom communities to protein complexes: A local community detection algorithm on PPI networks
Dilmaghani, Saharnaz; Brust, Mathias UL; Ribeiro, Carlos H. et al

in PLoS ONE (2022), 17(1), 1-17

Detailed reference viewed: 129 (39 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailHow injury prevention programs are being structured and implemented worldwide: An international survey of sports physical therapists
Ley, Christophe UL; Mendonça, Luciana D.; Schuermans, Joke et al

in Physical Therapy in Sport (2022), 53

Objective To identify the role of sports physical therapists (PT) in the injury prevention process and to compare the structure of preventive programs and associated (organization) policies applied in ... [more ▼]

Objective To identify the role of sports physical therapists (PT) in the injury prevention process and to compare the structure of preventive programs and associated (organization) policies applied in athletic organizations and sports teams of varying gender and level world-wide. Design: cross-sectional study. Setting LimeSurvey platform. Participants Sports PT working with athletes invited through the International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy. Main outcome measures Sports injury prevention program (IPP) structure and implementation. Results 414 participants fully participate in this survey study. Athlete's injury history (68.84%), the most common injuries within the sport modality (67.87%) and athlete's preseason screening results (64.01%) were most frequently used to customize IPPs. Warm-up (70.04%) and individually PT-guided exercise-therapy (70.04%) were the preferred methods to organize the prevention routine. The main barrier for IPP implementation was lack of time within the athlete's weekly training schedule (66.66%). The majority of the participants (72.84%) reported to evaluate the perception of IPP's effect by comparing current and preceding seasons' injury occurrences. Conclusion These survey results are the first identifying contemporary sports injury prevention organization and implementation policies on an international level. This information might support the sports PT community in improving and standardizing IPP (implementation) strategies worldwide. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 30 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailHow injury registration and preseason assessment are being delivered : an international survey of sports physical therapists
Ley, Christophe UL; Mendonça, Luciana D.; Schuermans, Joke et al

in Physical Therapy in Sport (2022), 53

Objective To identify the role of sports physical therapists (PT) in the organization of injury registration and preseason assessment, applied in athletic organizations and sports teams of different ... [more ▼]

Objective To identify the role of sports physical therapists (PT) in the organization of injury registration and preseason assessment, applied in athletic organizations and sports teams of different gender and level world-wide. Design cross-sectional study. Setting LimeSurvey platform. Participants Sports PTs working with athletes invited through International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy. Main outcome measures injury registration and athlete's screening. Results 414 sports PTs participated in this international survey (mean age of 37.66 (SD = 9.38) years). 340 participants indicated that the PT as the responsible for injury registration. Barriers to properly register injury throughout the season were indicated by 157 sports PT and 86 (54.77%) indicated a lack of time on their routine as the main factor. 93 participants (30.09%) indicated that they customize the prevention program based on the preseason assessment. Sports PTs who reported not performing a preseason assessment (92 participants - 22.22%) mainly indicated this to be consequence of lack of structure in the organization (44 participants – 47.82%). Conclusion The majority of the sports PTs participate on injury registration and perform preseason assessment in athletes. However, lack of time in their routine and structure in the organization were recognized as the most important barriers to organize these properly. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 24 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailIntergenerationality in the light of indeterminacy
Boulanger, Dany; Albert, Isabelle UL; Abbey, Emily

in Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science (2022), 56(1),

This Special Issue aims to shed light on the undetermined nature of intergenerational trajectories. Indeterminacy has been suggested to the author as an avenue to tackle the dynamic aspect –which entails ... [more ▼]

This Special Issue aims to shed light on the undetermined nature of intergenerational trajectories. Indeterminacy has been suggested to the author as an avenue to tackle the dynamic aspect –which entails looking at tensions in an unfolding process— of intergenerationality. We present the paper in this Special Issue by insisting on their main contributions, we identify HOW they define the concept of generation, particularly in reference to indeterminacy. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 42 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailCritical Review of the ATAD Implementation: The Implementation of the ATAD in Luxembourg
Pantazatou, Aikaterini UL

in Intertax (2022), 50(1), 56-65

This article examines the implementation of the ATAD in Luxembourg. Specifically, it analyses all the additions and amendments that had to be made into Luxembourg law, due to the ATAD. It does so in an ... [more ▼]

This article examines the implementation of the ATAD in Luxembourg. Specifically, it analyses all the additions and amendments that had to be made into Luxembourg law, due to the ATAD. It does so in an analytical and critical manner by going through all ATAD anti-avoidance provisions and examining the way they were implemented into Luxembourg law and how they differentiate from the previous rules (if they existed at all). It also critically assesses whether these changes have given rise to any inconsistencies or remaining questions. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 77 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailLeveraging stretching directions for stationkeeping in Earth-Moon halo orbits
Muralidharan, Vivek UL; Howell, Kathleen C.

in Advances in Space Research (2022), 69(1), 620-646

Near Rectilinear Halo Orbits (NRHOs) are stable or nearly stable orbits that are defined as part of the L1 and L2 halo orbit families in the circular restricted three-body problem. Within the Earth-Moon ... [more ▼]

Near Rectilinear Halo Orbits (NRHOs) are stable or nearly stable orbits that are defined as part of the L1 and L2 halo orbit families in the circular restricted three-body problem. Within the Earth-Moon regime, the L1 and L2 NRHOs are proposed as long horizon trajectories for cislunar exploration missions, including NASA’s upcoming Gateway mission. The spacecraft, however, incurs continuous deviations due to unmodeled forces and orbit determination errors in this dynamically sensitive region. The current investigation focuses on an impulsive stationkeeping technique to maintain the spacecraft near a virtual reference orbit despite these uncertainties. The flow dynamics in the region are utilized to identify appropriate maneuver and target locations. The investigation reflects the impact of various factors on maneuver cost and efficacy. For orbits where position and velocity states are particularly sensitive to epoch time, an additional feedback control strategy is applied for phasing constraints. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 55 (6 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailProposition de modification des directives OPCVM et AIFM
Riassetto, Isabelle UL; Storck, Michel

in Banque et Droit (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 19 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailUncertainty-driven symmetry-breaking and stochastic stability in a generic differential game of lobbying
Boucekkine, Raouf; Fabien, Prieur; Ruan, Weihua et al

in Economic Theory (2022)

We study a 2-players stochastic differential game of lobbying. Players invest in lobbying activities to alter the legislation in her own benefit. The payoffs are quadratic and uncertainty is driven by a ... [more ▼]

We study a 2-players stochastic differential game of lobbying. Players invest in lobbying activities to alter the legislation in her own benefit. The payoffs are quadratic and uncertainty is driven by a Wiener process. We consider the Nash symmetric game where players face the same cost and extract symmetric payoffs, and we solve for Markov Perfect Equilibria (MPE) in the class of affine functions. First, we prove a general sufficient (catching up) optimality condition for two-players stochastic games with uncertainty driven by Wiener processes. Second, we prove that the number and nature of MPE depend on the extent of uncertainty (i.e the variance of the Wiener processes). In particular, we prove that while a symmetric MPE always exists, two asymmetric MPE emerge if and only if uncertainty is large enough. Third, we study the stochastic stability of all the equilibria. We notably find, that the state converges to a stationary invariant distribution under asymmetric MPE. Fourth, we study the implications for rent dissipation asymptotically and compare the outcomes of symmetric vs asymmetric MPE in this respect, ultimately enhancing again the role of uncertainty. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 90 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailIntroduction to Smart Cities in Transition: Challenges of Participation in Urban Environments
Papangelis, Konstantinos; Saker; Leork, Dale et al

in International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 44 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe Myth of Beirut’s Resilience: Introduction to the Thematic Issue
Buccianti-Barakat, Liliane; Hesse, Markus UL

in Urban Planning (2022), 7(1), 82-86

This editorial introduces a thematic issue of Urban Planning on recent developments in Beirut, Lebanon. It emphasises the multiple crises the city has been undergoing for some time, which include an ... [more ▼]

This editorial introduces a thematic issue of Urban Planning on recent developments in Beirut, Lebanon. It emphasises the multiple crises the city has been undergoing for some time, which include an enduring political and economic crisis, the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic, and most recently the devastating impact of the blast that happened in the port of Beirut on 4th August 2020. The editorial outlines the specific challenges resulting from these crises and addresses the concept of resilience, which is taken up by the articles included in this issue. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 42 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailOpinion Statement ECJ-TF 2/2021 on the ECJ Decision of 25 February 2021 in Société Générale (Case C-403/19) on the Calculation of the Maximum Amount of a Foreign Direct Tax Credit
Kofler, Georg; Garcia Prats, Alfredo; Haslehner, Werner UL et al

in European Taxation (2022)

The Court’s decision in Société Générale reinforces established case law that EU law neither prohibits juridical double taxation nor does it impose an obligation on the residence Member State to prevent ... [more ▼]

The Court’s decision in Société Générale reinforces established case law that EU law neither prohibits juridical double taxation nor does it impose an obligation on the residence Member State to prevent the disadvantages that could arise from the exercise of competence thus attributed by the two Member States. The parallel existence of taxing jurisdiction, however, must be distinguished from the exercise of such jurisdiction by each Member State. While Member States are free to determine the connecting factors for the allocation of taxing jurisdiction in tax treaties, in exercising the “power of taxation, so allocated by bilateral conventions for the avoidance of double taxation, the Member States must comply with EU rules and, more particularly, observe the principle of equal treatment”. It is generally accepted in the Court’s case law that both the ordinary credit and exemption (including exemption with progression) methods are permissible to avoid double taxation. In Société Générale, this position was confirmed, specifically as regards the “maximum deduction” under the ordinary credit method in tax treaties, even though this treatment can result in a disadvantage for cross-border income as compared with domestic income. As the disadvantage in Société Générale was due to the difference between gross-basis taxation of dividends in the source Member States (Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom) and net-basis taxation of those foreign-sourced dividends in the residence state (France), it remains to be seen whether or not future cases will bring clarity in light of the Seabrokers decision of the EFTA Court, which examined how expenses can be lawfully allocated to foreign income from the perspective of the residence Member State. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 54 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFostering experimental and computational synergy to modulate hyperinflammation
Del Sol Mesa, Antonio UL

in Trends in Immunology (2022), 43(1),

Detailed reference viewed: 138 (7 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailNormative Coherence for Development and Regionalism: Gender equality in ASEAN’s migration policies
Häbel, Sandra; Koff, Harlan UL; Adam, Marie

in Development Policy Review (2022)

Motivation:The United Nations2030 Agenda recognizesregions as important actors in implementing the sustainable development agenda.At the same time, regions are often criticized for lackingeffective ... [more ▼]

Motivation:The United Nations2030 Agenda recognizesregions as important actors in implementing the sustainable development agenda.At the same time, regions are often criticized for lackingeffective implementation, especially in relation to gender equality.Purpose:This study examines whether the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) implements its global commitment to gender equality at a regional level. Methods and approach:We apply qualitative analysis of key ASEAN documents in order to determinehow gender equality is implemented regionally. We particularly focus onframeworks related to female migrant workers in ASEAN. Findings: The analysis shows that ASEAN is formally committed to improving gender equality at a regional level, however, female migrants often end up in unfavourable conditions and precarious work relationships without any institutionalized protection because ASEAN's gender equality initiatives are largely concentrated in the Cultural Community and absent from the Economic Community, indicating an absence of normative coherence for developmentwith regard to gender equality. Policy implications:This limited impact of emerging regional commitments to gender equality arises from incoherencies in ASEAN’s normative governance. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 64 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMännerbund, Staatsschiff, Multitude. U-Boote und Raumfahrzeuge als politische Körper
Gradinari, Irina; Pause, Johannes UL

in COLLATERAL: Online Journal for Cross-Cultural Close Reading (2022), 32

Detailed reference viewed: 41 (5 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailProposition de modification des directives OPCVM et AIFM : Dépositaires
Riassetto, Isabelle UL

in Revue de Droit Bancaire et Financier (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 7 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailNeed for Cognition and its relation to academic achievement in different learning environments
Colling, Joanne UL; Wollschläger, Rachel UL; Keller, Ulrich UL et al

in Learning and Individual Differences (2022), 93

The present study investigates how Need for Cognition (NFC), an individual's tendency to engage in and enjoy thinking, relates to academic achievement in 9th grade students (N = 3.355) attending different ... [more ▼]

The present study investigates how Need for Cognition (NFC), an individual's tendency to engage in and enjoy thinking, relates to academic achievement in 9th grade students (N = 3.355) attending different school tracks to understand whether school track moderates this relation when controlling for student background variables. Using structural regression analyses, our findings revealed small and significant positive relations between NFC and academic achievement in German, French and Math. Relations were strongest in the highest and weakest in the lowest track. No significant track difference between the highest and the intermediary track could be identified; significant differences of small effect size between the intermediary and the lowest track were found in favor of the intermediary track in the relation between NFC and academic achievement in German and Math. These findings underpin the importance of NFC in academic settings, while highlighting that the relation between NFC and achievement varies with the characteristics of different learning environments. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 99 (16 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailComparison of high-performance and conventional internal insulation materials based on hygrothermal analysis using in situ measurements and simulation
Latz, Sebastian UL; Maas, Stefan UL; Scholzen, Frank UL et al

in Bauphysik (2022), 1

Following the European directive to reduce CO2 emissions of existing buildings by improving energy efficiency, internal insulation systems play a central role in the renovation of historically valuable ... [more ▼]

Following the European directive to reduce CO2 emissions of existing buildings by improving energy efficiency, internal insulation systems play a central role in the renovation of historically valuable buildings which cannot be insulated from the outside for reasons of monumental protection, or in cases where no additional exterior space is available. However, besides the thermal property of insulation systems, there are other relevant properties to be considered before choosing an internal insulation system, such as the hygrothermal behavior which plays a particularly important role in diffusion-open interior insulation systems. As the internal insulation layer reduces the temperature of the existing wall during the heating season, its drying potential after rain events is considerably reduced. In addition to the effects of moisture from the outside (mainly wind driven rain), the entry of humidity from the inside through diffusion plays an important role. In the presented study, high performance insulation materials with nanostructure based on silicon dioxide and polyurethane are compared to conventional material based on wood fiber from a hygrothermal point of view by analyzing in situ measurements and simulations. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 61 (5 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMoral minds in gaming – A quantitative case study of moral decisions in Detroit: Become Human
Holl, Elisabeth UL; Melzer, André UL

in Journal of Media Psychology (2022)

Games including meaningful narratives and moral decisions have become increasingly popular. This case study examines (a) the prevalence of morality and moral foundations, (b) player decisions when ... [more ▼]

Games including meaningful narratives and moral decisions have become increasingly popular. This case study examines (a) the prevalence of morality and moral foundations, (b) player decisions when encountering moral options, and (c) the influence of contextual factors (i.e., time pressure, played avatar, and humanness of nonplayable characters) on moral decision-making in the popular video game Detroit: Become Human. Based on extensive coding of available world statistics we identified 73.21% morally relevant (vs. morally irrelevant) decisions in the game with a high prevalence for harm- and authority-related situations. Although players had an overall tendency to engage in moral behavior, they were more likely to act “good” when under time pressure and if nonhuman characters were involved. Our findings are discussed with regard to common theories of morality. Results support the notion that prior theoretical assumptions may be successfully mapped onto top-selling video games. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 76 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailChronique de droit des marchés financiers
Conac, Pierre-Henri UL

in Revue des Sociétés (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 66 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFair power allocation in cooperative cognitive systems under NOMA transmission for future IoT networks
Ali, Zain; Khan, Wali Ullah UL; Sardar Sidhu, Guftaar Ahmad et al

in Alexandria Engineering Journal (2022)

To support the massive connectivity in Internet of Things (IoT), several promising techniques like cognitive radio (CR) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enables the user to share spectrum ... [more ▼]

To support the massive connectivity in Internet of Things (IoT), several promising techniques like cognitive radio (CR) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enables the user to share spectrum resources. This work aims to achieve fairness among secondary users (SUs) in IoT cooperative NOMA-based CR transmission. We design a power allocation algorithm, an independent battery constraint at each node is considered, and power gap among transmissions of two NOMA users is applied for successive interference cancellation. The simulation results show that the proposed framework provides excellent performance and for sufficient available transmission power perfect fairness is achieved. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 18 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFrom hybrid polariton to dipolariton using non-Hermitian Hamiltonians to handle particle lifetimes
Chenu, Aurélia UL; Shiau, Shiue-Yuan; Chien, Ching-Hang et al

in Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter (2022)

We consider photons strongly coupled to the excitonic excitations of a coupled quantum well, in the presence of an electric field. We show how, under a field increase, the hybrid polariton made of a ... [more ▼]

We consider photons strongly coupled to the excitonic excitations of a coupled quantum well, in the presence of an electric field. We show how, under a field increase, the hybrid polariton made of a photon coupled to hybrid carriers lying in the two wells transforms into a dipolariton made of a photon coupled to direct and indirect excitons. We also show how the cavity photon lifetime and the coherence time of the carrier wave vectors that we analytically handle through non-hermitian Hamiltonians affect these polaritonic states. While the hybrid polaritons display a spectral singularity where the eigenvalues coalesce, known as an exceptional point, that depends on detuning and lifetimes, we find that the three dipolaritonic states display an anticrossing without exceptional point due to the interaction between photons, direct, and indirect excitons. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 48 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailExploiting plasmonic enhancement with light-emitting diode excitation in surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Wasserroth, Sören; Gordeev, Georgy UL; Juergensen, Sabrina et al

in Journal of Raman Spectroscopy (2022), (April), 1--6

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a well-established technique that enables the detection of very low molecular concentrations down to single molecules. Typical applications of SERS are the ... [more ▼]

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a well-established technique that enables the detection of very low molecular concentrations down to single molecules. Typical applications of SERS are the consistent identification of various samples used in chemistry, biology, and physics among others. In contrast to common SERS setups, where lasers are used as excitation source, we exploit SERS to perform Raman spectroscopy with a light-emitting diode (LED). We demonstrate the applicability of our approach on four different Raman reporters. We unambiguously distinguish two similar designer molecules 4-nitrothiophenol (p-NTP) and 5,5-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) that are often used in SERS experiments. Additionally, we probe Rhodamine 6G that is used in many different applications and carbon nanotubes as a one-dimensional solid state nanosystem. The LED excited surface-enhanced Raman spectra reproduce the characteristic Raman modes of the different samples. We compare the LED spectra to Raman spectra excited with a laser at the same wavelength. We envision the combination of LED sources with SERS substrates in the next generation of handheld devices and low-cost Raman setups. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 27 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe transparency challenge of blockchain in organizations
Sedlmeir, Johannes UL; Lautenschlager, Jonathan; Fridgen, Gilbert UL et al

in Electronic Markets (2022), 32(3), 1779--1794

This position paper discusses the challenges of blockchain applications in businesses and the public sector related to an excessive degree of transparency. We first point out the types of sensitive data ... [more ▼]

This position paper discusses the challenges of blockchain applications in businesses and the public sector related to an excessive degree of transparency. We first point out the types of sensitive data involved in different patterns of blockchain use cases. We then argue that the implications of blockchains’ information exposure caused by replicated transaction storage and execution go well beyond the often-mentioned conflicts with the GDPR’s “right to be forgotten” and may be more problematic than anticipated. In particular, we illustrate the trade-off between protecting sensitive information and increasing process efficiency through smart contracts. We also explore to which extent permissioned blockchains and novel applications of cryptographic technologies such as self-sovereign identities and zero-knowledge proofs can help overcome the transparency challenge and thus act as catalysts for blockchain adoption and diffusion in organizations. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 29 (2 UL)
See detailRez.: Rolf G. Renner, "Peter Handke. Erzählwelten – Bilderordnungen"
Kohns, Oliver UL

in Zeitschrift für Germanistik (2022), 32(1), 239-241

Detailed reference viewed: 65 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailRapid artificial intelligence solutions in a pandemic—The COVID-19-20 Lung CT Lesion Segmentation Challenge
Roth, Holger R.; Xu, Ziyue; Diez, Carlos Tor et al

in Medical Image Analysis (2022)

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods for the automatic detection and quantification of COVID-19 lesions in chest computed tomography (CT) might play an important role in the monitoring and management of ... [more ▼]

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods for the automatic detection and quantification of COVID-19 lesions in chest computed tomography (CT) might play an important role in the monitoring and management of the disease. We organized an international challenge and competition for the development and comparison of AI algorithms for this task, which we supported with public data and state-of-the-art benchmark methods. Board Certified Radiologists annotated 295 public images from two sources (A and B) for algorithms training (n=199, source A), validation (n=50, source A) and testing (n=23, source A; n=23, source B). There were 1,096 registered teams of which 225 and 98 completed the validation and testing phases, respectively. The challenge showed that AI models could be rapidly designed by diverse teams with the potential to measure disease or facilitate timely and patient-specific interventions. This paper provides an overview and the major outcomes of the COVID-19 Lung CT Lesion Segmentation Challenge - 2020. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 27 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMaxwell Demon that Can Work at Macroscopic Scales
Freitas, Nahuel; Esposito, Massimiliano UL

in Physical Review Letters (2022), 129(12), 120602

Detailed reference viewed: 39 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDiscrimination of sweet-fat ingredients in people with weight and eating-related problems using a signal detection theory
Garcia Burgos, David; Andres, F.; Trier, S. et al

in Journal of Sensory Studies (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 93 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailAssessing the Performance of Gradient-Boosting Models for Predicting the Travel Mode Choice Using Household Survey Data
Pineda Jaramillo, Juan Diego UL; Arbelaez-Arenas, Oscar

in Journal of Urban Planning and Development (2022), 148(2), 04022007

Detailed reference viewed: 18 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailNanomechanical Spectroscopy of 2D Materials
Kirchhof, Jan N.; Yu, Yuefeng; Antheaume, Gabriel et al

in Nano Letters (2022), 22(20), 8037--8044

We introduce a nanomechanical platform for fast and sensitive measurements of the spectrally resolved optical dielectric function of 2D materials. At the heart of our approach is a suspended 2D material ... [more ▼]

We introduce a nanomechanical platform for fast and sensitive measurements of the spectrally resolved optical dielectric function of 2D materials. At the heart of our approach is a suspended 2D material integrated into a high Q silicon nitride nanomechanical resonator illuminated by a wavelength-tunable laser source. From the heating-related frequency shift of the resonator as well as its optical reflection measured as a function of photon energy, we obtain the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function. Our measurements are unaffected by substrate-related screening and do not require any assumptions on the underling optical constants. This fast ($\tau$rise∼135 ns), sensitive (noise-equivalent power = 90 pW/√Hz), and broadband (1.2-3.1 eV, extendable to UV-THz) method provides an attractive alternative to spectroscopic or ellipsometric characterization techniques. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 32 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailIncome Inequality, Productivity, and International Trade
Picard, Pierre M UL

in Economic Theory (2022)

This paper studies the effect of income inequality on selection and aggregate productivity in a general equilibrium model with non-homothetic preferences and product quality. The model matches the ... [more ▼]

This paper studies the effect of income inequality on selection and aggregate productivity in a general equilibrium model with non-homothetic preferences and product quality. The model matches the empirical fact that an increase in income shifts one’s consumption towards goods that have higher quality both at the intensive and extensive margins. It also implies a negative relationship between the number and quantity of goods consumed by an income group and the earnings of other income groups. The central result is that a mean-preserving spread of the income distribution negatively affects aggregate productivity through the softening of firms’ selection. In the presence of international trade, this effect is amplified with lower trade barriers or a larger number of trade partners. Furthermore, the model implies that the domestic expenditure shares and welfare gains from trade are constant across income groups. A simple quantitative exercise suggests that an income redistribution like the one induced by the US Federal taxes and transfers raises average productivity by about 3%. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 51 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailInsights from an information thermodynamics analysis of a synthetic molecular motor
Amano, Shuntaro; Esposito, Massimiliano UL; Kreidt, Elisabeth et al

in Nature Chemistry (2022), 14(5), 530-537

Information is physical, a realization that has transformed the physics of measurement and communication. However, the flow between information, energy and mechanics in chemical systems remains largely ... [more ▼]

Information is physical, a realization that has transformed the physics of measurement and communication. However, the flow between information, energy and mechanics in chemical systems remains largely unexplored. Here we analyse a minimalist autonomous chemically driven molecular motor in terms of information thermodynamics, a framework that quantitatively relates information to other thermodynamic parameters. The treatment reveals how directional motion is generated by free energy transfer from chemical to mechanical (conformational and/or co-conformational) processes by `energy flow' and `information flow'. It provides a thermodynamic level of understanding of molecular motors that is general, complements previous analyses based on kinetics and has practical implications for machine design. In line with kinetic analysis, we find that power strokes do not affect the directionality of chemically driven machines. However, we find that power strokes can modulate motor velocity, the efficiency of free energy transfer and the number of fuel molecules consumed per cycle. This may help explain the role of such (co-)conformational changes in biomachines and illustrates the interplay between energy and information in chemical systems. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 78 (6 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailLow-Complexity Antenna Selection and Discrete Phase-Shifts Design in IRS-Assisted Multiuser Massive MIMO Networks
Abdullah, Zaid UL; Chen, Gaojie; Lambotharan, Sangarapillai et al

in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 23 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailReliability and entropy production in nonequilibrium electronic memories
Freitas, Nahuel; Proesmans, Karel; Esposito, Massimiliano UL

in Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics (2022), 105(3), 034107

Detailed reference viewed: 31 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailUniversal radial limits of meromorphic functions in the unit disk
Meyrath, Thierry UL

in Comptes Rendus. Mathématique (2022), 360

We consider the space of meromorphic functions in the unit disk $\D$ and show that there exists a dense $G_{\delta}$-subset of functions having universal radial limits. Our results complement known ... [more ▼]

We consider the space of meromorphic functions in the unit disk $\D$ and show that there exists a dense $G_{\delta}$-subset of functions having universal radial limits. Our results complement known statements about holomorphic functions and further imply the existence of meromorphic functions having maximal cluster sets along certain subsets of $\D$. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 24 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailImaging Erythrocyte Sedimentation in Whole Blood
Darras, Alexis; Breunig, Hans Georg; John, Thomas et al

in Frontiers in Physiology (2022), 12

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is one of the oldest medical diagnostic tools. However, currently there is some debate on the structure formed by the cells during the sedimentation process. While ... [more ▼]

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is one of the oldest medical diagnostic tools. However, currently there is some debate on the structure formed by the cells during the sedimentation process. While the conventional view is that erythrocytes sediment as separate aggregates, others have suggested that they form a percolating gel, similar to other colloidal suspensions. However, visualization of aggregated erythrocytes, which would settle the question, has always been challenging. Direct methods usually study erythrocytes in 2D situations or low hematocrit (∼1%). Indirect methods, such as scattering or electric measurements, provide insight on the suspension evolution, but cannot directly discriminate between open or percolating structures. Here, we achieved a direct probing of the structures formed by erythrocytes in blood at stasis. We focused on blood samples at rest with controlled hematocrit of 45%, from healthy donors, and report observations from three different optical imaging techniques: direct light transmission through thin samples, two-photon microscopy and light-sheet microscopy. The three techniques, used in geometries with thickness from 150 μm to 3 mm, highlight that erythrocytes form a continuous network with characteristic cracks, i.e., a colloidal gel. The characteristic distance between the main cracks is of the order of ∼100 μm. A complete description of the structure then requires a field of view of the order of ∼1 mm, in order to obtain a statistically relevant number of structural elements. A quantitative analysis of the erythrocyte related processes and interactions during the sedimentation need a further refinement of the experimental set-ups. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (0 UL)
Full Text
See detailQuantitative CLTs on the Poisson space via Skorohod estimates and p-Poincaré inequalities
Trauthwein, Tara UL

in arXiv preprint (2022)

We establish new explicit bounds on the Gaussian approximation of Poisson functionals based on novel estimates of moments of Skorohod integrals. Combining these with the Malliavin-Stein method, we derive ... [more ▼]

We establish new explicit bounds on the Gaussian approximation of Poisson functionals based on novel estimates of moments of Skorohod integrals. Combining these with the Malliavin-Stein method, we derive bounds in the Wasserstein and Kolmogorov distances whose application requires minimal moment assumptions on add-one cost operators – thereby extending the results from (Last, Peccati and Schulte, 2016). Our applications include a CLT for the Online Nearest Neighbour graph, whose validity was conjectured in (Wade, 2009; Penrose and Wade, 2009). We also apply our techniques to derive quantitative CLTs for edge functionals of the Gilbert graph, of the k-Nearest Neighbour graph and of the Radial Spanning Tree, both in cases where qualitative CLTs are known and unknown. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 67 (6 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailLe financement du plan de relance européen : audaces fortuna juvat
Allemand, Frederic UL

in Revue des Affaires Européennes (2022), 2022(2), 797-806

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailAnimals in world society: Constitutional and legislative incorporation, 1972–2020
Zapp, Mike UL; Frank, David John; Marques, Marcelo UL

in International Journal of Comparative Sociology (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 39 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailExploration of whether socioeconomic factors affect the results of priority setting partnerships: updating the top 10 research priorities for the management of Parkinson's in an international setting.
Bowring, Francesca; Welch, Jessica; Woodward, Charlotte et al

in BMJ open (2022), 12(6), 049530

OBJECTIVES: Explore whether socioeconomic differences of patients affect the prioritisation of pre-existing research questions and explore the agreement between healthcare professionals (HCP) and patients ... [more ▼]

OBJECTIVES: Explore whether socioeconomic differences of patients affect the prioritisation of pre-existing research questions and explore the agreement between healthcare professionals (HCP) and patients in priority setting partnerships (PSPs). DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, three centre survey across UK (400 participants), Tuebingen (176 participants) and Luxembourg (303 participants). People with Parkinson's (PwP), research participants, relatives and HCP associated with three Parkinson's cohort studies were invited to participate, along with linked centres (clinical care settings, research groups, charities). Responders were encouraged to pass on the survey to friends/families/carers. METHODS: The survey involved rating the importance of research questions on a Likert scale, allowing for the generation of one new question participants felt was particularly important. Collection of demographic information allowed for comparisons of priorities across a range of socioeconomic variables; the top 10 research priorities for each group were then compared. Questions added by participants were subject to a thematic analysis. RESULTS: 879 participants completed the survey (58% PwP, 22% family/friends, 13% HCP, 4% carers). Finding the best form of physiotherapy for PwP was the number one priority across the majority of analyses. HCP were the only subgroup not to place physiotherapy in the top 10. Factors most likely to affect prioritisation in PwP included educational level, presence of carer support and disease duration. There was little difference between other socioeconomic categories. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic factors modestly influenced some research priority ratings but did not significantly affect the top priority in most comparisons. Future studies must ensure patients from a range of socioeconomic backgrounds are recruited, ensuring results generalisable to the public while also identifying any key disparities in prioritisation. PSP should also take care that HCP do not skew results during prioritisation of questions, as in this study the most important priority to patients was not identified by professionals. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 52 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDroit international privé de l'Union européenne (2021)
Kinsch, Patrick UL; d'Avout, Louis, et al.

in Journal du Droit International (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailExploring the soil: Not a sentimental journey
Peleman, David UL; Ronner, Elsbeth; Barcelloni-Corte, Martina et al

in OASE: Tijdschrift voor Architectuur (2022), (110), 4-15

Detailed reference viewed: 23 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailCorporate social responsibility budgeting and spending during COVID–19 in Oman: A humanitarian response to the pandemic
Baatwah, Saeed Rabea; Al-Qadasi, Adel Ali; Al-Shehri, Amer Mohammed et al

in Finance Research Letters (2022)

COVID–19 is causing economic panic among people, governments, and businesses, requiring greater corporate social responsibility (CSR). Using a sample of Omani-listed firms, this study shows that CSR ... [more ▼]

COVID–19 is causing economic panic among people, governments, and businesses, requiring greater corporate social responsibility (CSR). Using a sample of Omani-listed firms, this study shows that CSR budgeting and spending have increased considerably during the pandemic. It also shows that CSR budgeting is positively affected by the increase in COVID–19 deaths. CSR spending increases with the number of COVID–19 confirmed and fatal cases. These findings suggest that firms resort to CSR to reduce the negative consequences of the pandemic. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 63 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailSingle-cell transcriptomics of human iPSC differentiation dynamics reveal a core molecular network of Parkinson’s disease
Novak, Gabriela; Kyriakis, Dimitrios UL; Grzyb, Kamil UL et al

in Communications Biology (2022), 5(1), 1--19

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (mDA) in the midbrain. The underlying mechanisms are only partly ... [more ▼]

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (mDA) in the midbrain. The underlying mechanisms are only partly understood and there is no treatment to reverse PD progression. Here, we investigated the disease mechanism using mDA neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) carrying the ILE368ASN mutation within the PINK1 gene, which is strongly associated with PD. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and gene expression analysis of a PINK1-ILE368ASN and a control cell line identified genes differentially expressed during mDA neuron differentiation. Network analysis revealed that these genes form a core network, members of which interact with all known 19 protein-coding Parkinson’s disease-associated genes. This core network encompasses key PD-associated pathways, including ubiquitination, mitochondrial function, protein processing, RNA metabolism, and vesicular transport. Proteomics analysis showed a consistent alteration in proteins of dopamine metabolism, indicating a defect of dopaminergic metabolism in PINK1-ILE368ASN neurons. Our findings suggest the existence of a network onto which pathways associated with PD pathology converge, and offers an inclusive interpretation of the phenotypic heterogeneity of PD. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 54 (7 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailJoint Parameter Estimation From Binary Observations Over Decentralized Channels
Fan, Wenzhe; Xia, Yili; Li, Chunguo et al

in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing (2022), 70

In wireless sensor networks, due to the bandwidth constraint, the distributed nodes (DNs) might only provide binary representatives of the source signal, and then transmit them to the central node (CN ... [more ▼]

In wireless sensor networks, due to the bandwidth constraint, the distributed nodes (DNs) might only provide binary representatives of the source signal, and then transmit them to the central node (CN). In this paper, we consider the joint estimation of signal amplitude and background noise variance from binary observations over decentralized channels. We first analyze the Cramér–Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) of the parameters of interest and develop a quasilinear estimator (QLE), in which the desirable estimates can be obtained from several intermediate parameters linearly. Next, we consider a more realistic situation where the decentralized channel is noisy during the data transmission. Based on the error propagation model, the asymptotic analysis shows that the performance of the proposed QLE is mainly dominated by the thresholds of the quantizers, which encourages us to adopt a correlated quantization (CQ) scheme by exploiting the spatial correlation among background noises/channel noises. To ease the implementation of QLE in practice, an adaptive quantization (AQ) scheme is also proposed so as to obtain reasonable selections of the required thresholds. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to validate our theoretical findings. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 24 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailFinTech and the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Zetzsche, Dirk Andreas UL; Arner, Douglas; Buckley, Ross

in Banking and Finance Law Review (2022), 39

Detailed reference viewed: 31 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailA pharmacogenomic assessment of psychiatric adverse drug reactions to levetiracetam.
Campbell, Ciarán; McCormack, Mark; Patel, Sonn et al

in Epilepsia (2022), 63(6), 1563-1570

OBJECTIVE: Levetiracetam (LEV) is an effective antiseizure medicine, but 10%-20% of people treated with LEV report psychiatric side-effects, and up to 1% may have psychotic episodes. Pharmacogenomic ... [more ▼]

OBJECTIVE: Levetiracetam (LEV) is an effective antiseizure medicine, but 10%-20% of people treated with LEV report psychiatric side-effects, and up to 1% may have psychotic episodes. Pharmacogenomic predictors of these adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have yet to be identified. We sought to determine the contribution of both common and rare genetic variation to psychiatric and behavioral ADRs associated with LEV. METHODS: This case-control study compared cases of LEV-associated behavioral disorder (n = 149) or psychotic reaction (n = 37) to LEV-exposed people with no history of psychiatric ADRs (n = 920). All samples were of European ancestry. We performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis comparing those with LEV ADRs to controls. We estimated the polygenic risk scores (PRS) for schizophrenia and compared cases with LEV-associated psychotic reaction to controls. Rare variant burden analysis was performed using exome sequence data of cases with psychotic reactions (n = 18) and controls (n = 122). RESULTS: Univariate GWAS found no significant associations with either LEV-associated behavioural disorder or LEV-psychotic reaction. PRS analysis showed that cases of LEV-associated psychotic reaction had an increased PRS for schizophrenia relative to contr ols (p = .0097, estimate = .4886). The rare-variant analysis found no evidence of an increased burden of rare genetic variants in people who had experienced LEV-associated psychotic reaction relative to controls. SIGNIFICANCE: The polygenic burden for schizophrenia is a risk factor for LEV-associated psychotic reaction. To assess the clinical utility of PRS as a predictor, it should be tested in an independent and ideally prospective cohort. Larger sample sizes are required for the identification of significant univariate common genetic signals or rare genetic signals associated with psychiatric LEV ADRs. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 38 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailExecuting trades in style: Retail investors vs. institutions.
Wolff, Christian UL

in Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics (2022), 29(2), 344-362

Detailed reference viewed: 157 (17 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMitochondrial DNA as a marker for treatment-response in post-traumatic stress disorder.
Hummel, E. M.; Piovesan, K.; Berg, F. et al

in Psychoneuroendocrinology (2022), 148

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health condition thought to be mediated by a dysregulated stress response system. Stress, especially chronic stress, affects mitochondrial ... [more ▼]

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health condition thought to be mediated by a dysregulated stress response system. Stress, especially chronic stress, affects mitochondrial activity and their efficiency in duplicating their genomes. Human cells contain numerous mitochondria that harbor multiple copies of their own genome, which consist of a mixture of wild type and variant mtDNA - a condition known as mitochondrial heteroplasmy. Number of mitochondrial genomes in a cell and the degree of heteroplasmy may serve as an indicator of mitochondrial allostatic load. Changes in mtDNA copy number and the proportion of variant mtDNA may be related to mental disorders and symptom severity, suggesting an involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction also in PTSD. Therefore, we examined number and composition of mitochondrial DNA before and after six weeks of inpatient psychotherapy treatment in a cohort of 60 female PTSD patients. We extracted DNA from isolated monocytes before and after inpatient treatment and quantified cellular mtDNA using multiplex qPCR. We hypothesized that treatment would lead to changes in cellular mtDNA levels and that change in mtDNA level would be associated with PTSD symptom severity and treatment response. It could be shown that mtDNA copy number and the ratio of variant mtDNA decreased during therapy, however, this change did not correlate with treatment response. Our results suggest that inpatient treatment can reduce signs of mitochondrial allostatic load, which could have beneficial effects on mental health. The quantification of mtDNA and the determination of cellular heteroplasmy could represent valuable biomarkers for the molecular characterization of mental disorders in the future. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 31 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailContinuous Percoll Gradient Centrifugation of Erythrocytes-Explanation of Cellular Bands and Compromised Age Separation
Maurer, Felix; John, Thomas; Makhro, Asya et al

in CELLS (2022), 11(8),

(1) Background: When red blood cells are centrifuged in a continuous Percoll-based density gradient, they form discrete bands. While this is a popular approach for red blood cell age separation, the ... [more ▼]

(1) Background: When red blood cells are centrifuged in a continuous Percoll-based density gradient, they form discrete bands. While this is a popular approach for red blood cell age separation, the mechanisms involved in banding were unknown. (2) Methods: Percoll centrifugations of red blood cells were performed under various experimental conditions and the resulting distributions analyzed. The age of the red blood cells was measured by determining the protein band 4.1a to 4.1b ratio based on western blots. Red blood cell aggregates, so-called rouleaux, were monitored microscopically. A mathematical model for the centrifugation process was developed. (3) Results: The red blood cell band pattern is reproducible but re-centrifugation of sub-bands reveals a new set of bands. This is caused by red blood cell aggregation. Based on the aggregation, our mathematical model predicts the band formation. Suppression of red blood cell aggregation reduces the band formation. (4) Conclusions: The red blood cell band formation in continuous Percoll density gradients could be explained physically by red blood cell aggregate formation. This aggregate formation distorts the density-based red blood cell age separation. Suppressing aggregation by osmotic swelling has a more severe effect on compromising the RBC age separation to a higher degree. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 27 (0 UL)
See detailDie Welt vor dem Verschleiss schützen
Hertweck, Florian UL; Caye, Pierre; Panos, Mantziaras

in Arch + (2022), 250

Detailed reference viewed: 17 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailObstacles to demand response: Why industrial companies do not adapt their power consumption to volatile power generation
Leinauer, Christina; Schott, Paul; Fridgen, Gilbert UL et al

in Energy Policy (2022), 165

Various flexibility options in power systems, such as storage, grid expansion, and demand flexibility, gain increasing importance to balance the intermittent power supply of renewables. On the demand side ... [more ▼]

Various flexibility options in power systems, such as storage, grid expansion, and demand flexibility, gain increasing importance to balance the intermittent power supply of renewables. On the demand side, especially the industrial sector represents promising potential for Demand Response, i.e., the alignment of its power demand with the current power supply of renewables. However, there exist various obstacles that currently prevent companies from investing in new or (fully) exploiting existing flexibility potentials. In this paper, we investigate how economic, regulatory, technological, organizational, behavioral, informational, and competence obstacles pose barriers for companies to adjust their power consumption flexibly. For this purpose, we combine both a structured literature analysis and a case study. For the case study, we conduct 16 interviews with energy experts from companies from different industries. Our findings reveal that due to technical risk of disrupting the production process, lacking revenues, and too low cost savings, companies do not flexibilize their power consumption. Moreover, in particular, contradictory legislative incentives and missing IT standardization and interoperability represent key obstacles. Therefore, our results constitute a basis for targeted policy making in order to foster the exploitation of (existing) flexibility potential of industrial companies on the demand side. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 50 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailIntroduction
Mourlon-Druol, Emmanuel; Clavert, Frédéric UL

in Politique Européenne (2022), 2022(2), 6-11

Le vingtième siècle européen a été caractérisé par des visions concurrentes et/ou conflictuelles de l'organisation du continent. Cette introduction générale explique pourquoi les éditeurs ont décidé de se ... [more ▼]

Le vingtième siècle européen a été caractérisé par des visions concurrentes et/ou conflictuelles de l'organisation du continent. Cette introduction générale explique pourquoi les éditeurs ont décidé de se concentrer sur la période de la guerre froide, présente brièvement le contexte historique plus large et clarifie enfin l'utilisation du mot "asymétrie". [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 24 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe EU Sustainable Finance Framework in Light of International Standards
Zetzsche, Dirk Andreas UL; Bodellini, Marco UL; Consiglio, Roberta

in Journal of International Economic Law (2022), 25(4), 659679

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailHow Germany achieved a record share of renewables during the COVID-19 pandemic while relying on the European interconnected power network
Halbrügge, Stephanie; Buhl, Hans Ulrich; Fridgen, Gilbert UL et al

in Energy (2022)

In 2020, Germany reached a maximum share of 50.5% intermittent renewables in electricity generation. Such a high share results in an increasing need for flexibility measures such as international ... [more ▼]

In 2020, Germany reached a maximum share of 50.5% intermittent renewables in electricity generation. Such a high share results in an increasing need for flexibility measures such as international transmission flexibility, i.e., electricity imports and exports. In fact, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Germany changed from a former electricity net exporter to a net importer. This paper, therefore, analyzes what we can learn from the resulting development of German electricity imports as a flexibility measure from a market, environmental, and network perspective. We analyze data on electricity imports/exports, generation, prices, and interconnection capacities of 38 bidding zones, respectively 11 countries within the ENTSO-E. In particular, we formulate three hypotheses to partition our overarching research question. Our results reveal that from a market perspective, Germany's increased need for transmission flexibility did not generally result in increased prices for German electricity imports. Also, from an environmental perspective, Germany increasingly relied on electricity imports from countries that exhibited a lower share of renewables. Finally, during the COVID-19 pandemic some of Germany's interconnection capacities to its neighboring countries exhibited a higher utilization. In view of our results, German policymakers may reflect on decarbonization policies considering a holistic European perspective. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 81 (6 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailVoir ou être vu : analyses de visibilité depuis le site de Chèvremont (commune de Chaudfontaine, Belgique)
van Ruymbeke, Muriel UL; Nys, Gilles-Antoine

in Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège (2022), 1

Le site de Chèvremont est connu dans l’histoire liégeoise depuis le Haut Moyen-Âge. L’archéologie a montré que la colline a été fréquentée depuis au moins la période néolithique. Intuitivement, tous les ... [more ▼]

Le site de Chèvremont est connu dans l’histoire liégeoise depuis le Haut Moyen-Âge. L’archéologie a montré que la colline a été fréquentée depuis au moins la période néolithique. Intuitivement, tous les auteurs qui se sont rendus sur le site décrivent un endroit d’où le panorama est impressionnant. Nous tentons ici d’utiliser les analyses de visibilité pour mesurer et comparer l’ampleur de la visibilité atteinte depuis plusieurs points du plateau sommital. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 34 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMomentary Subjective Age is Associated with Perceived and Physiological Stress in the Daily Lives of Old and Very Old Adults
Kornadt, Anna Elena UL; Pauly, Theresa; Schilling, Oliver et al

in Psychology and Aging (2022), 37(8), 863875

Subjective age, that is the age people feel in relation to their chronological age, can vary on a day-to-day and even momentary basis. Previous long-term and daily-diary studies have shown that elevated ... [more ▼]

Subjective age, that is the age people feel in relation to their chronological age, can vary on a day-to-day and even momentary basis. Previous long-term and daily-diary studies have shown that elevated stress covaries with older subjective age. However, it is an open question whether such links can also be observed at the momentary level within a given day and go beyond self-reports of stress. Moving ahead, we investigated how two indicators of stress (self-reported: perceived stress; physiological: salivary cortisol) are associated with the age people feel on a momentary basis. We examined data from 118 older (Mage = 66.67 years) and 36 very old adults (Mage = 85.92 years) who reported their momentary subjective age and perceived stress and also provided saliva samples up to seven times a day over seven consecutive days. Dynamic structural equation models showed that both higher momentary perceived stress and higher cortisol levels preceding the measurement predicted an older momentary subjective age. In contrast, subjective age at the previous measurement did not predict subsequent stress. These effects were moderated by participant age group and grip strength, albeit not consistently. Our results corroborate and extend earlier findings that both self-reported and physiological stress are important explanatory variables for people’s subjective age variation even on relatively short time scales, and shed light on differential time-ordered dynamics between stress and subjective age in daily life. Findings also inform theoretical models of subjective age that highlight the importance of contextual, momentary influences on how old people feel and help better understand how biological and psychological processes are intertwined in later life. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 90 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDo financial performance indicators predict 10-K text sentiments? An application of artificial intelligence
Derouiche, Imen UL; Mushtaq, Rizwan; GULL, Ammar Ali et al

in Research in International Business and Finance (2022), 61

n this study, we employ Natural Language Processing (NLP), a subdomain of artificial intelligence (AI), to predict the sentiments while analyzing 3729 annual 10-k financial reports of S&P 500 companies ... [more ▼]

n this study, we employ Natural Language Processing (NLP), a subdomain of artificial intelligence (AI), to predict the sentiments while analyzing 3729 annual 10-k financial reports of S&P 500 companies over the 2002–2019 time period. Our findings suggest that the firm’s financial performance indicators help reduce negativity in the textual part of 10-ks. In contrast, we do not observe any significant association between the firm’s financial performance indicators and 10-ks positivity. Our findings are robust to alternative econometric specifications and alternative measures of key variables. Our results contribute to the accounting and financial disclosure literature by indicating that corporate financial performance indicators can predict the tone of 10-k filings. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 93 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailKummer theory for multiquadratic or quartic cyclic number fields
Perissinotto, Flavio UL; Perucca, Antonella UL

in Uniform distribution theory (2022), 17(no. 2), 165-194

Detailed reference viewed: 124 (16 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailChannel Estimation for UAV Communication Systems Using Deep Neural Networks
Al-Gburi, Ahmed; Abdullah, Osamah; Sarhan, Akram et al

in Drones (2022)

Channel modeling of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from wireless communications has gained great interest for rapid deployment in wireless communication. The UAV channel has its own distinctive ... [more ▼]

Channel modeling of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from wireless communications has gained great interest for rapid deployment in wireless communication. The UAV channel has its own distinctive characteristics compared to satellite and cellular networks. Many proposed techniques consider and formulate the channel modeling of UAVs as a classification problem, where the key is to extract the discriminative features of the UAV wireless signal. For this issue, we propose a framework of multiple Gaussian–Bernoulli restricted Boltzmann machines (GBRBM) for dimension reduction and pre-training utilization incorporated with an autoencoder-based deep neural network. The developed system used UAV measurements of a town’s already existing commercial cellular network for training and validation. To evaluate the proposed approach, we run ray-tracing simulations in the program Remcom Wireless InSite at a distinct frequency of 28 GHz and used them for training and validation. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is accurate in channel acquisition for various UAV flying scenarios and outperforms the conventional DNNs. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 61 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDeterministic control of ferroelectric polarization by ultrafast laser pulses
Chen, Peng; Iñiguez, Jorge UL; Bellaiche, Laurent et al

in Nature Communications (2022), 13

Detailed reference viewed: 10 (0 UL)
Full Text
See detailReview - Dimensionen der Mittäterschaft. Die europäische Kollaboration mit dem Dritten Reich.
Janz, Nina UL

in Hemecht: Zeitschrift für Luxemburger Geschichte (2022), 74(2), 321-374

Detailed reference viewed: 23 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailNo Ensemble Averaging Below the Black Hole Threshold
Schlenker, Jean-Marc UL; Witten, Edward

in Journal of High Energy Physics (2022), 7

In the AdS/CFT correspondence, amplitudes associated to connected bulk manifolds with disconnected boundaries have presented a longstanding mystery. A possible interpretation is that they reflect the ... [more ▼]

In the AdS/CFT correspondence, amplitudes associated to connected bulk manifolds with disconnected boundaries have presented a longstanding mystery. A possible interpretation is that they reflect the effects of averaging over an ensemble of boundary theories. But in examples in dimension D≥3, an appropriate ensemble of boundary theories does not exist. Here we sharpen the puzzle by identifying a class of "sub-threshold" observables that we claim do not show effects of ensemble averaging. These are amplitudes that do not involve black hole states. To support our claim, we explore the example of D=3, and show that connected solutions of Einstein's equations with disconnected boundary never contribute to sub-threshold observables. To demonstrate this requires some novel results about the renormalized volume of a hyperbolic three-manifold, which we prove using modern methods in hyperbolic geometry. Why then do any observables show apparent ensemble averaging? We propose that this reflects the chaotic nature of black hole physics and the fact that the Hilbert space describing a black hole does not have a large N limit. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailTrade Secret Protection and R&D Investment of Family Firms
Hussinger, Katrin UL; Issah, Wunnam

in Family Business Review (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 401 (15 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe rise of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs): a first empirical glimpse
Bellavitis, Cristiano; Fisch, Christian UL; Momtaz, Paul

in Venture Capital (2022)

Blockchain technology and smart contracts are catalysts for decentralization and disintermediation. These new technologies reduce transaction costs, agency costs, and offer a basis for trustless social ... [more ▼]

Blockchain technology and smart contracts are catalysts for decentralization and disintermediation. These new technologies reduce transaction costs, agency costs, and offer a basis for trustless social and economic interactions. They are fueling new business models for decentralized platforms and have revolutionized crowdfunding. A recent trend, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), stands to fundamentally transform organizing and governance. DAOs are blockchain-native, decentralized organizations that are collectively owned and managed by their members via smart contracts. In this note, we assess the promises and challenges of DAOs, with a focus on decentralized governance and disintermediation, and offer a first empirical glimpse at the rise and functioning of DAOs. Overall, DAOs may introduce a new era in organizational economics, transforming the global corporate landscape from hierarchical organizations to democratic and distributed organizations powered by organizational entrepreneurship and innovations. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 76 (3 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe role of algebraic thinking in dealing with negative numbers
Vlassis, Joëlle UL; Demonty, Isabelle UL

in ZDM: the International Journal on Mathematics Education (2022), 54(6), 12431255

Detailed reference viewed: 27 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailAn Evolving International Research Collaboration Network: Spatial and Thematic Developments in Co-Authored Higher Education Research, 1998–2018
Fu, Yuan Chih; Marques, Marcelo; Tseng, Yuen-Hsien et al

in Scientometrics (2022), 127

Co-authored research articles in the disciplinarily heterogeneous field of higher education have dramatically increased in this century, largely driven, as in other fields, by rising international co ... [more ▼]

Co-authored research articles in the disciplinarily heterogeneous field of higher education have dramatically increased in this century, largely driven, as in other fields, by rising international co-authorships. We examine this evolving international collaboration network in higher education research over two decades. To do so, we apply automated bibliometric topic identification and social network analysis of 9,067 papers in 13 core higher education journals (1998–2018). Remarkable expansion in the volume of papers and co-authorships has, surprisingly, not resulted in a more diverse network. Rather, existing co-authorship patterns are strengthened, with the dominance of scholars from a few Anglophone countries largely maintained. Researchers globally seek to co-author with leading scholars in these countries, especially the US, UK, and Australia—at least when publishing in the leading general HE journals based there. Further, the two-mode social network analysis of countries and topics suggests that while Anglophone countries have led the development of higher education research, China and Germany, as leading research-producing countries, are increasingly influential within this world-spanning network. Topically, the vast majority of co-authored papers in higher education research focuses on individual-level phenomena, with organizational and system-level or country-level analysis constituting a (much) smaller proportion, despite policymakers’ emphasis on cross-national comparisons and the growing importance of university actorhood. We discuss implications thereof for the future of the multidisciplinary higher education field. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 226 (11 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe Never‐Ending Road Towards the CEAS: Utopia, Teleology, and Depoliticisation in EU Asylum Policies
Vianelli, Lorenzo UL

in Social Inclusion (2022), 10(3), 48-57

This article explores the temporal dimension of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) by exposing its teleological character and the effects of the latter on the governance of asylum in the European ... [more ▼]

This article explores the temporal dimension of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) by exposing its teleological character and the effects of the latter on the governance of asylum in the European Union. Drawing on EU policy documents, the article shows how the CEAS has been presented since its inception as a teleology, that is, a process that is inexorably unfolding towards a specific outcome to be reached in an indefinite time in the future. The outcome consists in the establishment of a common area of protection constituted by a level playing field in which asylum seekers and beneficiaries of international protection will be treated alike regardless of the place of residence. Such a teleological narrative informing the CEAS paves the way to overly optimistic expectations on the possibilities of implementation, which in turn result in an overestimation of the potential of harmonisation. By discussing the limitations of harmonisation in relation to the reception of asylum seekers, this article calls into question the possibility of a homogeneous area of protection where equivalent conditions are offered to all asylum seekers across the EU. Such a homogeneous space is utopian because harmonisation does not aim to eradicate differences but rather to mitigate them, thus tolerating diverse arrangements. The article, therefore, argues that the level playing field projected by the CEAS constitutes a promise that has two key effects: First, it depoliticises the CEAS itself by framing problems as technical issues, requiring technical solutions; second, it paves the way to further EU intervention in this field. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 64 (4 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDimensionality Reduction, Modelling, and Optimization of Multivariate Problems Based on Machine Learning
Alswaitti, Mohammed UL; Siddique, Kamran; Jiang, Shulei et al

in Symmetry (2022), 14(7), 1282

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailThe Relation Between Executive Functions and Math Intelligence in Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Emslander, Valentin UL; Scherer, Ronny

in Psychological Bulletin (2022), 148(5-6), 337-369

Executive functions (EFs) are key skills underlying other cognitive skills that are relevant to learning and everyday life. Although a plethora of evidence suggests a positive relation between the three ... [more ▼]

Executive functions (EFs) are key skills underlying other cognitive skills that are relevant to learning and everyday life. Although a plethora of evidence suggests a positive relation between the three EF subdimensions inhibition, shifting, and updating, and math skills for schoolchildren and adults, the findings on the magnitude of and possible variations in this relation are inconclusive for preschool children and several narrow math skills (i.e., math intelligence). Therefore, the present meta-analysis aimed to (a) synthesize the relation between EFs and math intelligence (an aggregate of math skills) in preschool children; (b) examine which study, sample, and measurement characteristics moderate this relation; and (c) test the joint effects of EFs on math intelligence. Utilizing data extracted from 47 studies (363 effect sizes, 30,481 participants) from 2000 to 2021, we found that, overall, EFs are significantly related to math intelligence (r = .34, 95% CI [.31, .37]), as are inhibition (r = .30, 95% CI [.25, .35]), shifting (r = .32, 95% CI [.25, .38]), and updating (r = .36, 95% CI [.31, .40]). Key measurement characteristics of EFs, but neither children’s age nor gender, moderated this relation. These findings suggest a positive link between EFs and math intelligence in preschool children and emphasize the importance of measurement characteristics. We further examined the joint relations between EFs and math intelligence via meta-analytic structural equation modeling. Evaluating different models and representations of EFs, we did not find support for the expectation that the three EF subdimensions are differentially related to math intelligence. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 104 (16 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailPersonalised meta-path generation for heterogeneous graph neural networks
Zhong, Zhiqiang; Li, Cheng-Te; Pang, Jun UL

in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2022), 36(6), 2299-2333

Detailed reference viewed: 23 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailNeo-Nationalism and Universities. Populists, Autocrats, and the Future of Higher Education
Marques, Marcelo UL

in European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology (2022)

Detailed reference viewed: 25 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailIn Vitro Erythropoiesis at Different pO(2) Induces Adaptations That Are Independent of Prior Systemic Exposure to Hypoxia
Simionato, Greta; Rabe, Antonia; Gallego-Murillo, Joan Sebastian et al

in CELLS (2022), 11(7),

Hypoxia is associated with increased erythropoietin (EPO) release to drive erythropoiesis. At high altitude, EPO levels first increase and then decrease, although erythropoiesis remains elevated at a ... [more ▼]

Hypoxia is associated with increased erythropoietin (EPO) release to drive erythropoiesis. At high altitude, EPO levels first increase and then decrease, although erythropoiesis remains elevated at a stable level. The roles of hypoxia and related EPO adjustments are not fully understood, which has contributed to the formulation of the theory of neocytolysis. We aimed to evaluate the role of oxygen exclusively on erythropoiesis, comparing in vitro erythroid differentiation performed at atmospheric oxygen, a lower oxygen concentration (three percent oxygen) and with cultures of erythroid precursors isolated from peripheral blood after a 19-day sojourn at high altitude (3450 m). Results highlight an accelerated erythroid maturation at low oxygen and more concave morphology of reticulocytes. No differences in deformability were observed in the formed reticulocytes in the tested conditions. Moreover, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells isolated from blood affected by hypoxia at high altitude did not result in different erythroid development, suggesting no retention of a high-altitude signature but rather an immediate adaptation to oxygen concentration. This adaptation was observed during in vitro erythropoiesis at three percent oxygen by a significantly increased glycolytic metabolic profile. These hypoxia-induced effects on in vitro erythropoiesis fail to provide an intrinsic explanation of the concept of neocytolysis. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 34 (0 UL)