Leveraging Privileged Information to Limit Distraction in End-to-End Lane Following

in 2020 IEEE 17th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC) (2020)

Convolutional Neural Networks have been successfully used to steer vehicles using only road-facing cameras. In this work, we investigate the use of Privileged Information for training an end-to-end lane ... [more ▼]

Convolutional Neural Networks have been successfully used to steer vehicles using only road-facing cameras. In this work, we investigate the use of Privileged Information for training an end-to-end lane following model. Starting from the prior assumption that such a model should spend a sizeable fraction of its focus on lane markings, we take advantage of lane geometry information available at training time to improve its performance. To this end, we constrain the class of learnable functions by imposing a prior stemming from a lane segmentation task. For each input frame, we compute the set of pixels that most contribute to the prediction of the model using the VisualBackProp method. These pixel-relevance heatmaps are then compared with ground truth lane segmentation masks. A Distraction Loss term is added to the objective to regularize the training process. We learn from real-world data collected using our experimental vehicle and compare the results to those obtained using the simple Mean Squared Error objective. We show that the presence of our regularizer benefits both the performance and the stability of the model across a variety of evaluation metrics. We use a pretrained lane segmentation model without fine-tuning to extract lane marking masks and show that valuable learning signals can be extracted even from imperfect privileged knowledge. This method can be implemented easily and very efficiently on top of an existing architecture, without requiring the addition of any trainable parameter. [less ▲]

Lämdliche Räume Europas

in Gebhardt, Hans; Glaser, Rüdiger; Radtke, Ulrich (Eds.) et al Geographie - Physische Geographie und Humangeographie (2020)

The chapter of a university textbook explains the diversity of European rural areas and their development.

Dynamic RF Chain Selection for Energy Efficient and Low Complexity Hybrid Beamforming in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems

in IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking (2019)

This paper proposes a novel architecture with a framework that dynamically activates the optimal number of radio frequency (RF) chains used to implement hybrid beamforming in a millimeter wave (mmWave ... [more ▼]

This paper proposes a novel architecture with a framework that dynamically activates the optimal number of radio frequency (RF) chains used to implement hybrid beamforming in a millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system. We use fractional programming to solve an energy efficiency maximization problem and exploit the Dinkelbach method (DM)-based framework to optimize the number of active RF chains and data streams. This solution is updated dynamically based on the current channel conditions, where the analog/digital (A/D) hybrid precoder and combiner matrices at the transmitter and the receiver, respectively, are designed using a codebook-based fast approximation solution called gradient pursuit (GP). The GP algorithm shows less run time and complexity while compared to the state-of-the-art orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) solution. The energy and spectral efficiency performance of the proposed framework is compared with the existing state-of-the-art solutions, such as the brute force (BF), the digital beamformer, and the analog beamformer. The codebook-free approaches to design the precoders and combiners, such as alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs) and singular value decomposition (SVD)-based solution are also shown to be incorporated into the proposed framework to achieve better energy efficiency performance. [less ▲]

The Application of Power-Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in Satellite Communication Networks

in IEEE Access (2019), 7

Satellite communication networks are expected to be indispensable as part of an integrated complement for the upcoming 5G networks since they can provide the most comprehensive coverage and reliable ... [more ▼]

Satellite communication networks are expected to be indispensable as part of an integrated complement for the upcoming 5G networks since they can provide the most comprehensive coverage and reliable connection for areas where are economically unviable and/or difficult to deploy terrestrial infrastructures. Meanwhile, the power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), which can serve multiple users simultaneously within the same time/frequency block, has been viewed as another promising strategy used in the 5G network to provide high spectral efficiency and resource utilization. In this paper, we introduce a general overview of the application of the NOMA to various satellite architectures for the benefits of meeting the availability, coverage, and efficiency requirements targeted by the 5G. The fundamental and ubiquitous features of satellite link budget are first reviewed. Then, the advantage and benefit of introducing the NOMA scheme in various satellite architectures, such as conventional downlink/uplink satellite networks, cognitive satellite terrestrial networks, and cooperative satellite networks with satellite/terrestrial relays, are provided, along with the motivation and research methodology for each scenario. Finally, this paper reviews the potential directions for future research. [less ▲]

Outage Performance of Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Relay Networks with Opportunistic Scheduling

in ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) (2019, May)

In this paper, we investigate the outage performance of a multiuser threshold-based decode-and-forward integrated satellite-terrestrial relay network (ISTRN) with opportunistic user scheduling, where the ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we investigate the outage performance of a multiuser threshold-based decode-and-forward integrated satellite-terrestrial relay network (ISTRN) with opportunistic user scheduling, where the satellite link and terrestrial links undergo Shadowed-Rician (SR) fading and correlated Rayleigh fading, respectively. First, we propose a new probability density function (PDF) to statistically characterize the square sum of independent and identically distributed SR random variables, which is more accurate and concise than existing expressions. Next, based on the new PDF, we derive an analytical expression of outage probability (OP) of the considered network. Furthermore, the asymptotic OP expression is developed at high signal-to-noise ratio to reveal the achievable diversity order of the considered ISTRN. Finally, computer simulation is conducted to validate the analytical results, and show the impact of various parameters on the outage performance. [less ▲]

Closed Form Discrete Unimodular MIMO Waveform Design Using Block Circulant Decomposition

Poster (2019, April 22)

This paper deals with the waveform design under the constraint of discrete multiphase unimodular sequences. It relies on Block Circulant decomposition of the slow-time transmitted waveform. The presented ... [more ▼]

This paper deals with the waveform design under the constraint of discrete multiphase unimodular sequences. It relies on Block Circulant decomposition of the slow-time transmitted waveform. The presented closed-form solution is capable of designing orthogonal signals, such that the virtual MIMO paradigm is enabled leading to enhanced angular resolution. On the other hand, the proposed method is also capable of approximating any desired radiation pattern within the physical limits of the transmitted array size. Simulation results prove the effectiveness in terms computational complexity, orthogonal signal design and the transmit beam pattern design under constant modulus constraint. [less ▲]

On the Performance of the Uplink Satellite Multiterrestrial Relay Networks With Hardware Impairments and Interference

in IEEE Systems Journal (2019), 13(3), 2297-2308

In this paper, we consider an uplink satellite multiterrestrial relay network, which employs a single-antenna user to communicate with a satellite via multiple decode-and-forward (DF) terrestrial relays ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we consider an uplink satellite multiterrestrial relay network, which employs a single-antenna user to communicate with a satellite via multiple decode-and-forward (DF) terrestrial relays. Due to the spectrum sharing policy, terrestrial relays are interfered by cochannel interference (CCI). For inevitable radio frequency (RF) front-end imperfections, the interconnected nodes of the whole network are always impaired by inherent hardware impairments (HIs). Specifically, in order to improve the overall system performance, a partial relay selection scheme is used to enhance the system performance by improving the spatial diversity. On this foundation, we have derived the closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP) and throughput of the considered system, where both the satellite and terrestrial channels are under independent nonidentical distributions. To get better insights at high signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs), the asymptotic behaviors for the system performance are also derived. From the asymptotic results, the impacts of CCI and the HIs on the system performance are quantitatively analyzed. Especially, the OP and throughput will have bounds when the system is under HIs. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation results corroborate the theoretical analysis and illustrate the joint effects of CCI and HIs on the considered system. [less ▲]

Phase diagram of spin-1 chains with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

in Physical Review. B (2019), 100

We investigate an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain in the presence of Dyzaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) and an external magnetic field. We study the resulting spin chain using a ... [more ▼]

We investigate an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain in the presence of Dyzaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) and an external magnetic field. We study the resulting spin chain using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques. Using DMRG simulations to determine the spectral gap and the entanglement spectrum, we map out the phase diagram as a function of magnetic field strength and DMI strength. We provide a qualitative interpretation for these numerical findings by mapping the spin-1 chain on a spin-1/2 ladder and using a bosonization approach. [less ▲]

RLS Waveform Adaptation for Massive MIMO Systems with Nonlinear Front-End

in IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (2019)

To keep massive MIMO systems cost-efficient, power amplifiers with rather small output dynamic ranges are employed. They may distort the transmit signal and degrade the performance. This paper proposes a ... [more ▼]

To keep massive MIMO systems cost-efficient, power amplifiers with rather small output dynamic ranges are employed. They may distort the transmit signal and degrade the performance. This paper proposes a distortion aware precoding scheme for realistic scenarios in which RF chains have nonlinear characteristics. The proposed scheme utilizes the method of regularized least-squares (RLS) to jointly compensate the channel impacts and the distortion imposed by the RF chains. To construct the designed transmit waveform with low computational complexity, an iterative algorithm based on approximate message passing is developed. This algorithm is shown to track the achievable average signal distortion of the proposed scheme tightly, even for practical system dimensions. The results demonstrate considerable enhancement compared to the state of the art. Index Terms-Precoding, nonlinear power amplifiers, approximate message passing, regularized least-squares, massive MIMO. [less ▲]

Referat: Goten, Angela van der: Im Gespaltenen Zauberland. Oswald Spengler und die Aneignung des Fremden. Heidelberg: Winter, 2015

in Germanistik : Internationales Referatenorgan mit bibliographischen Hinweisen (2019), 60(1-2), 410