L'application du droit de la consommation aux applications traceuses

in Poillot, Elise; Lenzini, Gabriele; Resta, Giorgio (Eds.) et al DATA PROTECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 A SHORT (HI)STORY OF TRACING APPLICATIONS (2021)

Super-Heisenberg scaling in Hamiltonian parameter estimation in the long-range Kitaev chain

in Physical Review Research (2021)

In quantum metrology, nonlinear many-body interactions can enhance the precision of Hamiltonian parameter estimation to surpass the Heisenberg scaling. Here, we consider the estimation of the interaction ... [more ▼]

In quantum metrology, nonlinear many-body interactions can enhance the precision of Hamiltonian parameter estimation to surpass the Heisenberg scaling. Here, we consider the estimation of the interaction strength in linear systems with long-range interactions and using the Kitaev chains as a case study, we establish a transition from the Heisenberg to super-Heisenberg scaling in the quantum Fisher information by varying the interaction range. We further show that quantum control can improve the prefactor of the quantum Fisher information. Our results explore the advantage of optimal quantum control and long-range interactions in many-body quantum metrology. [less ▲]

Les armées de la Maison des comtes de Luxembourg. Guerres, société, espaces (XIIIe - premières moitié du XIVe s.)

Doctoral thesis (2021)

In the 13th century, the House of the Counts of Luxembourg experiences an impressive rise. In 1346, Charles IV, son of John of Luxembourg, cumulates the dignities of his predecessors: count of Luxembourg ... [more ▼]

In the 13th century, the House of the Counts of Luxembourg experiences an impressive rise. In 1346, Charles IV, son of John of Luxembourg, cumulates the dignities of his predecessors: count of Luxembourg, king of Bohemia, king of the Romans and emperor. The army is a major support in this evolution. The study of the armies, the wars, the warfare, but also of the diplomatic relations of the counts of Luxembourg, we seek in this study to highlight the armies as a dynamic phenomenon which is indicative of the transformations affecting the politics of the House of Luxembourg. We must be aware that the house of Luxembourg is not just house of counts. The Luxembourg are sometimes king or emperor. Because of the accumulation of various dignities, several geographical areas must be considered: the county of Luxembourg, northern Italy, the kingdom of Bohemia, Silesia, Tyrol, Brandenburg, the kingdom of France and even Lithuania. The social and political rise of Luxembourg makes it possible to highlight the plurality or diversity as well in the wars as in the armies. Armies and wars are both the product of the transformations and mutations imposed on Luxembourg but also the cause and accelerator of the observed evolution. By providing not only real and material support, but also immaterial support like glory and fame, the armies allow the count house to be eligible for imperial dignity and thus contribute to the journey from the count house to the royal and imperial house. Through their interdependence with society, armies influence the latter. War and society, linked by the tight bond of the economy, shape each other, giving rise to the embryo of a modern state. [less ▲]

Bevrijders aan het werk: Hoe vonden de Polen in Nederland en België hun draai na de oorlog?

Presentation (2021, October 28)

Topology and Phase Transitions: A First Analytical Step towards the Definition of Sufficient Conditions

in Entropy (2021), 23(11),

Different arguments led to supposing that the deep origin of phase transitions has to be identified with suitable topological changes of potential related submanifolds of configuration space of a physical ... [more ▼]

Different arguments led to supposing that the deep origin of phase transitions has to be identified with suitable topological changes of potential related submanifolds of configuration space of a physical system. An important step forward for this approach was achieved with two theorems stating that, for a wide class of physical systems, phase transitions should necessarily stem from topological changes of energy level submanifolds of the phase space. However, the sufficiency conditions are still a wide open question. In this study, a first important step forward was performed in this direction; in fact, a differential equation was worked out which describes how entropy varies as a function of total energy, and this variation is driven by the total energy dependence of a topology-related quantity of the relevant submanifolds of the phase space. Hence, general conditions can be in principle defined for topology-driven loss of differentiability of the entropy [less ▲]

Security in an evolving European HPC Ecosystem

Report (2021)

The goal of this technical report is to analyse challenges and requirements related to security in the context of an evolving European HPC ecosystem, to provide selected strategies on how to address them ... [more ▼]

The goal of this technical report is to analyse challenges and requirements related to security in the context of an evolving European HPC ecosystem, to provide selected strategies on how to address them, and to come up with a set of forward-looking recommendations. A key assumption made in this technical report is that we are in a transition period from a setup, where HPC resources are operated in a rather independent manner, to centres providing a variety of e-infrastructure services, which are not exclusively based on HPC resources and are increasingly part of federated infrastructures. [less ▲]

EU Law and the ECT as Distinct and Separate Legal Regimes: A Case Comment on Eskosol v Italy, Decision on Request for Immediate Termination and Jurisdictional Objection Based on the Inapplicability of the ECT to Intra-EU Disputes, 7 May 2019

in ICSID Review (2021), 36(2), 278-285

This case comment examines the decision of the tribunal in Eskosol v Italy rejecting the respondent’s jurisdictional objections based on the inapplicability of the Energy Charter Treaty to intra-EU ... [more ▼]

This case comment examines the decision of the tribunal in Eskosol v Italy rejecting the respondent’s jurisdictional objections based on the inapplicability of the Energy Charter Treaty to intra-EU disputes. In particular, it examines the tribunal's construction of a division between EU law and the ECT, emphasizing the separate and distinct characters of the two regimes, with the twin ambitions of making intra-EU arbitration under the ECT less objectionable from an EU law perspective while maintaining the autonomy of ECT arbitral tribunals. Whether the tribunal's first objective is feasible, however, is doubted and the extent to which intra-EU arbitration under the ECT has a future questioned. [less ▲]

Thoughts on the efficient implementation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union by the Member States

Speeches/Talks (2021)

Speech given at the Greek Ministry of Justice conference on 20.10.2021 entitled “The application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union by the Member States – A useful legal tool for ... [more ▼]

Speech given at the Greek Ministry of Justice conference on 20.10.2021 entitled “The application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union by the Member States – A useful legal tool for the protection of citisens’ rights” in the framework of the Conference on the Future of Europe. [less ▲]

Investing in Crises

Presentation (2021, October 19)

Judicial Education and Judicial Independence: Paper given at the 2021 Commonwealth Law Conference

E-print/Working paper (2021)

The link between judicial education and an efficient judiciary is, one hopes, obvious. But in order to ensure judicial independence, contemporary wisdom has it, judicial education should also be in the ... [more ▼]

The link between judicial education and an efficient judiciary is, one hopes, obvious. But in order to ensure judicial independence, contemporary wisdom has it, judicial education should also be in the hands of the judiciary. Absent such control, there is a risk that judges may be indoctrinated by interested actors and their independence compromised. Some critics, however, have been sceptical about judicial control of judicial education. Judicial control of education often justified on basis of expertise as well as need to protect independence. But judges are not pedagogues (and their view of what judging does, or should, entail are often untheorized). Nor are they particularly representative of society. In addition, a danger unmitigated by judicial control of judicial education is regulatory capture, defined as ‘the result or process by which regulation, in law or application, is consistently or repeatedly directed away from the public interest and toward the interests of the regulated industry, by the intent and action of the industry itself'. Even if other voices are integrated into discussions, the danger exists that they might seek to subvert the process to privilege their interests over the general interest. Such concerns have recently been raised in England and Wales with regard to the Equal Treatment Bench Book. The paper examines the relationship between judicial education and judicial independence through the lens of this controversy. It concludes that when judicial education trespass on the independence of the individual judge is not an easy question to answer (not least because education is always about socialization) but, crucially, it is not one answered by putting judicial education in the hands of the judiciary. [less ▲]