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See detailA Systematic Review of Identity and Access Management Requirements in Enterprises and Potential Contributions of Self-Sovereign Identity
Glöckler, Jana; Sedlmeir, Johannes UL; Frank, Muriel-Larissa UL et al

in Business and Information Systems Engineering (2023)

Digital identity and access management (IAM) poses significant challenges for companies. Cyberattacks and resulting data breaches frequently have their root cause in enterprises' IAM systems. During the ... [more ▼]

Digital identity and access management (IAM) poses significant challenges for companies. Cyberattacks and resulting data breaches frequently have their root cause in enterprises' IAM systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, issues with the remote authentication of employees working from home highlighted the need for better IAM solutions. Using a design science research approach, the paper reviews the requirements for IAM systems from an enterprise perspective and identifies the potential benefits of self-sovereign identity (SSI) – an emerging, passwordless paradigm in identity management that provides end users with cryptographic attestations stored in digital wallet apps. To do so, this paper first conducts a systematic literature review followed by an interview study and categorizes IAM system requirements according to security and compliance, operability, technology, and user aspects. In a second step, it presents an SSI-based prototype for IAM, whose suitability for addressing IAM challenges was assessed by twelve domain experts. The results suggest that the SSI-based authentication of employees can address requirements in each of the four IAM requirement categories. SSI can specifically improve manageability and usability aspects and help implement acknowledged best practices such as the principle of least privilege. Nonetheless, the findings also reveal that SSI is not a silver bullet for all of the challenges that today’s complex IAM systems face. [less ▲]

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See detailActivity-driven emergence of genealogical enclaves in growing bacterial colonies
Rani, Garima; Sengupta, Anupam UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Bacterial dispersal, the movement of cells spanning diverse physical scales and environments, has been long investigated owing to its far-reaching ramifications in the ecology and evolution of bacterial ... [more ▼]

Bacterial dispersal, the movement of cells spanning diverse physical scales and environments, has been long investigated owing to its far-reaching ramifications in the ecology and evolution of bacterial species and their consortia. A major proportion of bacterial species are surface associated, yet if and how they disperse, specifically during the early stages of biofilm formation, remains to be understood. While physical vectors like fluid flow drive dispersal across large scales, surface-associated cells may benefit from the active biomechanical forces to navigate locally within a colony. Here, by analyzing sessile bacterial colonies, we study how cells disperse over generations due to the growth-induced forces under different conditions. A custom-built label-free algorithm, developed to track the progeny cells as they grow and divide, reveals the emergence of distinct self-similar genealogical enclaves which intermix over time. Biological activity, indicated by the division times, is a key determinant of the intermixing dynamics; while topological defects appearing at the interface of the enclaves mediate the morphology of finger-like interfacial domains. By quantifying the Shannon entropy, we show that dividing bacterial cells have spatial affinity to close relatives, at the cost of the entropically favourable option of intermixing, wherein faster growing colonies show higher drop in the Shannon entropy over time. A coarse-grained lattice modelling of such colonies, combined with insights from the thermodynamics of phase separation, suggest that the emergence of genealogical enclaves results from an interplay of growth-induced cell dispersal within the colony (which promotes intermixing) and stochasticity of cell division, alongwith the cell-cell interactions at a given growth condition. Our study uncovers the evolution of so-far hidden emergent self-organising features within growing bacterial colonies, which while displaying a high degree of self-similarity on a range of phenotypic traits, point at competing roles of growth-induced forces and entropic landscapes which ultimately shape the genealogical distance of cells to their kith and kin within growing colonies. [less ▲]

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See detailTeacher-Student Relationships and Student Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses and Second-Order Meta-Analysis
Emslander, Valentin UL; Holzberger, Doris; Ofstad, Sverre Berg et al

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Teacher-student relationships (TSRs) play a vital role in establishing a positive school climate and promoting positive student outcomes. Several meta-analyses have suggested significant associations ... [more ▼]

Teacher-student relationships (TSRs) play a vital role in establishing a positive school climate and promoting positive student outcomes. Several meta-analyses have suggested significant associations between TSRs and, for example, academic achievement, a lack of disruptive behavior, school engagement, peer relationships, motivation, executive functions, and general well-being. However, these meta-analyses have differed substantially in TSR-outcome relationships, moderators, and quality, thus complicating the interpretation of these findings. In this preregistered systematic review of meta-analyses plus original second-order meta-analyses (SOMAs), we aimed to (a) synthesize the meta-analytic evidence on relationships between TSRs and student outcomes, (b) map influential moderators of these relationships, and (c) assess the methodological quality of the meta-analyses. We synthesized over 70 years of educational research in 24 meta-analyses encompassing a total of 116 effect sizes based on more than 2 million prekindergarten and K-12 students. We conducted several three-level SOMAs and found that TSRs had similar strong significant relationships with eight clusters of outcomes: academic achievement, academic emotions, appropriate student behavior, behavior problems, executive functions and self-control, motivation, school belonging and engagement, and student well-being. Age, gender, and informant (student-, peer-, or teacher-assessments) were the most frequently examined moderators in prior research, and our moderator analyses suggested student grade level and social minority status as moderators. We further found large differences in quality between the meta-analyses, and these differences were not associated with the TSR-outcome relationships. These results map the field of TSR research; present their relationships, moderators, and meta-analytic quality; and show how TSRs can contribute to improving outcomes in students via relationship building. Future research should follow meta-analytic open science procedures to improve quality and reproducibility. [less ▲]

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See detailWhat do we know about industrial tungsten synthesis
Estupinan Donoso, Alvaro Antonio UL

Presentation (2023, September 08)

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See detailML-based Compliance Verification of Data Processing Agreements against GDPR
Amaral Cejas, Orlando UL; Abualhaija, Sallam UL; Briand, Lionel UL

Scientific Conference (2023, September 08)

Most current software systems involve processing personal data, an activity that is regulated in Europe by the general data protection regulation (GDPR) through data processing agreements (DPAs ... [more ▼]

Most current software systems involve processing personal data, an activity that is regulated in Europe by the general data protection regulation (GDPR) through data processing agreements (DPAs). Developing compliant software requires adhering to DPA-related requirements in GDPR. Verifying the compliance of DPAs entirely manually is however time-consuming and error-prone. In this paper, we propose an automation strategy based on machine learning (ML) for checking GDPR compliance in DPAs. Specifically, we create, based on existing work, a comprehensive conceptual model that describes the information types pertinent to DPA compliance. We then develop an automated approach that detects breaches of compliance by predicting the presence of these information types in DPAs. On an evaluation set of 30 real DPAs, our approach detects 483 out of 582 genuine violations while introducing 93 false violations, achieving thereby a precision of 83.9% and recall of 83.0%. We empirically compare our approach against an existing approach which does not employ ML but relies on manually-defined rules. Our results indicate that the two approaches perform on par. Therefore, to select the right solution in a given context, we discuss differentiating factors like the availability of annotated data and legal experts, and adaptation to regulation changes. [less ▲]

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See detailDistributed cohesive radio systems for spaceborne applications
Martinez Marrero, Liz UL

Doctoral thesis (2023)

During the last decade, the use of small satellites has revolutionized the field of space exploration and communications. This has opened up new possibilities, such as the feasibility of grouping them ... [more ▼]

During the last decade, the use of small satellites has revolutionized the field of space exploration and communications. This has opened up new possibilities, such as the feasibility of grouping them into Cohesive Distributed Satellite Systems (CDSSs). A CDSS is a multi-satellite configuration that appears as a single solid entity from an external perspective, which includes data reception, processing, and transmission operations. This entails improving several DSS applications such as Earth observation, geolocation, navigation, imaging, and communications. The synchronization of CDSSs involves precisely aligning time, frequency, and phase among multiple satellites, which is a significant challenge due to the inherent characteristics of space-based environments. For instance, the spacecraft mobility, the round-trip delay, and the resource constraints make the synchronization of DSSs more challenging than its equivalent in wireless terrestrial networks. However, it is simultaneously an unavoidable challenge for future space communications. This requirement does not only apply to small satellites DSS but also to avoid interference in crowded orbits and enable the federated satellites’ system paradigm. This thesis aims to identify the technical synchronization requirements and design the synchronization and coordination techniques to perform cohesive transmission in a DSS. First, we studied the state-of-the-art synchronization techniques and analyzed their feasibility for DSS. Additionally, we summarized other methods related to the synchronization of DSS, such as inter-satellite ranging and positioning. Then, we considered a first approximation to the problem, assuming accurate time synchronization and relative positioning among the satellites in a DSS. This problem is equivalent to synchronizing the local oscillators’ phase in a precoding-enabled multi-beam satellite system. One of the most significant synchronization impairments for implementing CDSSs is the phase noise of the LOs in different spacecraft. In this regard, the two-state phase noise model was implemented and integrated into the channel emulator of the MIMO end-to-end satellite emulator, which allowed us to validate the results included in this thesis. Next, we analyzed the impact of the phase errors and uncertainties in operating a precoded forward link satellite communication system. We formally demonstrated that the uplink phase variations affect precoding performance even when all the LOs share a single frequency reference. Additionally, we identified the individual contributions of each system element to the overall synchronization uncertainties in practical precoding implementations. Besides, for linear and non-linear precoding, we formally demonstrated that the UTs can track slow time variations in the channel if they equally affect all the beams. The compensation loop to mitigate these impairments was designed, implemented, and integrated into the GW of the MIMO end-to-end satellite emulator. The solution is a closed-loop algorithm that uses the periodical channel phase measurements sent to the GW by the UTs as part of traditional precoding implementations. The proportional-integral controller included in the GW calculates the compensation phase required to align all the beams to the phase of the designated reference beam. Besides, we compared different approaches to combine the channel phase estimations obtained from the UTs using the amplitude of the estimated channel and the UT’s thermal noise. The compensation loop and the combining estimations hardware implementations were used in real-time experiments to assess the feasibility of the precoding technique for GEO satellite systems. [less ▲]

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See detailWhat's digital about digital heritage ?
Schafer, Valerie UL

Scientific Conference (2023, September 07)

Digital heritage acquires a definition and an international status in 2003 when a charter is devoted to it by UNESCO. Whether digitised or born-digital, digital heritage has become an entire area of the ... [more ▼]

Digital heritage acquires a definition and an international status in 2003 when a charter is devoted to it by UNESCO. Whether digitised or born-digital, digital heritage has become an entire area of the conservation work of heritage institutions, particularly large national libraries, faced with the need to preserve an increasing volume of so-called born-digital documents. Work has gone on since the 1990s to digitize documents, press content and paper books. Digital heritage didn’t wait until 2003 to gain momentum. There have been pioneering and original initiatives, like Michael Hart’s Gutenberg project , launched in the 1970s, and the creation of the Internet Archive foundation in 1996. There is also a place dedicated to digital materials in several technical museums, or even dedicated museums that emerged, like the Mountain View Computer History Museum , the origin of which dates to the 1970s. Heritagisation approaches are clearly different, depending on whether the aim is to conserve hardware or software, move from analogue content to digital content, or collect born-digital content. The field of digital heritage is incredibly heterogeneous, as are the players and their goals. Furthermore, while the digitization work is sometimes entrusted originally to the same department within heritage institutions, under a general label dedicated to digital, they involve digital and heritage concepts that are not necessarily based on the same paradigms, and that involve not only different selection and curation processes, but different technical processes too. Digital heritage can also be hybrid, combining physical and digital aspects. An example of this is the preservation of video game heritage, which might involve conservation of the physical elements, arcade terminals, consoles and other devices, but also the controller boxes, dedicated magazines and the sometimes printed documentation associated with the games and devices. This turn towards digital heritagisation allows us, on the one hand, to think about the value and the meaning given to the technical objects and to computerised and digital content and, on the other, the changes affecting the players, business, and perimeters of heritagisation, as well as the user experience faced with this constantly growing heritage. This presentation focuses first on the digital characteristics of this heritage and its diversity, then on the conservation approaches, the processes at play, and the digital enrichments to which this heritage might be subject (OCR processing, metadata, etc.), in order to better understand this intertwinement of human preservation and curation and technical and digital processes. [less ▲]

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See detailAutomated Anonymization of Court Decisions: Facilitating the Publication of Court Decisions through Algorithmic Systems
Terzidou, Kalliopi UL

in ICAIL: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (Ed.) ICAIL '23: Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (2023, September 07)

The practice of anonymization of court decisions has been further systematized by EU Member States’ courts, after the entry into force of the General Data Protection Regulation and its transposition into ... [more ▼]

The practice of anonymization of court decisions has been further systematized by EU Member States’ courts, after the entry into force of the General Data Protection Regulation and its transposition into national laws. Anonymization of the parties’ personal information protects their privacy during the publication of judgments, which is necessary for the scrutiny of the judiciary’s reasoning in a given case and the filing of an appeal whenever a party disagrees with the court’s reasoning and/or order. European courts have recently resorted to algorithmic approaches to automate the process of anonymization, which can bestow prompt and consistent application of anonymization rules for court administrations to comply with the applicable personal data protection legislation. These automated solutions can also encompass technical and administrative challenges, ranging from re-ιdentification risks that compromise the protection of the parties’ personal data to the lack of acceptance of the algorithmic system by court staff during their daily work routine. The present paper reviews current anonymization practices conducted through algorithmic techniques by, first, explaining the legal framework underlying the publication and anonymization of court decisions, second, examining three algorithmic solutions for the anonymization of court decisions by different EU Member States, and third, reflecting on their efficiencies and challenges for court administrations. [less ▲]

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See detailConvergence Analysis of Decentralized ASGD
Dalle Lucca Tosi, Mauro UL; Theobald, Martin UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Over the last decades, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has been intensively studied by the Machine Learning community. Despite its versatility and excellent performance, the optimization of large models ... [more ▼]

Over the last decades, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has been intensively studied by the Machine Learning community. Despite its versatility and excellent performance, the optimization of large models via SGD still is a time-consuming task. To reduce training time, it is common to distribute the training process across multiple devices. Recently, it has been shown that the convergence of asynchronous SGD (ASGD) will always be faster than mini-batch SGD. However, despite these improvements in the theoretical bounds, most ASGD convergence-rate proofs still rely on a centralized parameter server, which is prone to become a bottleneck when scaling out the gradient computations across many distributed processes. In this paper, we present a novel convergence-rate analysis for decentralized and asynchronous SGD (DASGD) which does not require partial synchronization among nodes nor restrictive network topologies. Specifically, we provide a bound of O(σ ɛ⁻²) + O(Q S_avg ɛ⁻³ᐟ²)+ O(S_avg ɛ⁻¹)) for the convergence rate of DASGD, where S_avg is the average staleness between models, Q is a constant that bounds the norm of the gradients, and ɛ is a (small) error that is allowed within the bound. Furthermore, when gradients are not bounded, we prove the convergence rate of DASGD to be O(σ ɛ⁻²) + O(√(Ŝ_avg Ŝ_max) ɛ⁻¹)), with Ŝ_max and Ŝ_avg representing a loose version of the average and maximum staleness, respectively. Our convergence proof holds for a fixed stepsize and any non-convex, homogeneous, and L-smooth objective function. We anticipate that our results will be of high relevance for the adoption of DASGD by a broad community of researchers and developers. [less ▲]

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See detailDigital History and the Politics of Digitisation
Zaagsma, Gerben UL

Scientific Conference (2023, September 06)

This paper will explore a key question for historians today: what are the politics of cultural heritage digitisation and its implications for historical research? And how to assess this from a global ... [more ▼]

This paper will explore a key question for historians today: what are the politics of cultural heritage digitisation and its implications for historical research? And how to assess this from a global perspective? In a research environment that increasingly privileges what is available online, the questions of why, where, and how we can access what we can access, and how it affects historical research have become ever more urgent. My talk will outline a framework through which to contextualize the politics of (digital) heritage preservation, and a model to analyze its most important political dimensions. To add some historical perspective, I will put this discussion in the broader context of the ways in which technology has shaped historical research practices and knowledge production, not just in the past two decades but in fact already since the late 19th century. [less ▲]

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See detailThe educational process of Ukrainian university students following the full-scale Russian invasion
Polovko, Olena; Glotov, Sergei UL

in London Review of Education (2023), 21(1),

On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which is now in its second year. The invasion disrupted higher education institutions across the country and forced both staff and ... [more ▼]

On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which is now in its second year. The invasion disrupted higher education institutions across the country and forced both staff and students to adapt to the new reality. This article focuses on the experiences of university students to understand how their educational process was impacted by the invasion. The research data comprise written testimonies from 81 students at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Thematic analysis of the data resulted in three themes: organisation of studies by the university; self-organisation of studies; and personal experiences. The article concludes that the invasion shifted the educational process online; however, students are often prevented from accessing the virtual classrooms due to constant air raids, power outages and connectivity issues with the internet, thus leading students towards more self-studying. [less ▲]

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See detailPerformance of hollow hyperbolic sinusoidal Gaussian beam in weak turbulent optical communication links
Secilmis, Gamze; Bayraktar, Mert UL; Elmabruk, Kholoud

in Physica Scripta (2023), 98

The performance of hollow hyperbolic sinusoidal Gaussian beam (HHsGB) propagating in weak turbulent optical communication link is examined by analysing the beam scintillation indices. System parameters’ ... [more ▼]

The performance of hollow hyperbolic sinusoidal Gaussian beam (HHsGB) propagating in weak turbulent optical communication link is examined by analysing the beam scintillation indices. System parameters’ effect on point-like and aperture-averaged scintillation index values is investigated. The obtained results show that HHsGBs with small source sizes improve the link performance by reducing the scintillation level. In communication systems with a big receiver aperture radius, HHsGBs with high orders significantly minimize the scintillation level. Thus, the provided results will have significant potential in improving free-space optical communication performance in a wide range of applications. [less ▲]

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See detailInvestigating Preservice Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Students in Luxembourg
Galano, Dario; Grund, Axel UL; Emslander, Valentin UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) students face victimization in multiple contexts, including the educational context. Here, teachers can serve as an important resource for LGB students. However, teachers ... [more ▼]

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) students face victimization in multiple contexts, including the educational context. Here, teachers can serve as an important resource for LGB students. However, teachers who are prejudiced against students from sexual minorities might not be able to fulfill this role. Accordingly, it is important to find out more about teachers' attitudes and their correlates, as such information can provide starting points for sensitization interventions in teacher education programs, which have the potential to improve the situation of LGB students in the school setting. In the present preregistered questionnaire study, we investigated the attitudes of 138 preservice teachers from the University of Luxembourg toward LGB students and tried to identify predictors of teachers’ attitudes. Results suggested that Luxembourgish preservice teachers hold mostly positive attitudes toward LGB students. Using correlation and multiple regression analyses, we identified the frequency of participants’ contact with LGB people in family or friend networks, hypergendering tendencies, sexual orientation, and religiosity as reliable predictors of attitudes toward LGB students. Age, gender, and right-wing conservatism did not reliably predict preservice teachers’ attitudes in the regression models. Our findings thus offer support for intergroup contact theory and have implications for teacher education in Luxembourg. [less ▲]

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See detailSymposium: Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen über die Lebenspanne
Albert, Isabelle UL; Murdock, Elke UL; Maehler, Débora et al

Scientific Conference (2023, September 05)

Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen können als Teil dynamischer Systeme beschrieben werden, die durch spezifische Entwicklungsaufgaben in verschiedenen Familienentwicklungsphasen und damit zusammenhängende ... [more ▼]

Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen können als Teil dynamischer Systeme beschrieben werden, die durch spezifische Entwicklungsaufgaben in verschiedenen Familienentwicklungsphasen und damit zusammenhängende Regulationsprozesse gekennzeichnet sind. Das vorliegende Symposium beschäftigt sich mit zentralen Themen, die Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen in verschiedenen Phasen der Lebensspanne charakterisieren. Während im Kindes- und Jugendalter der elterliche Erziehungsstil grundlegend mit der Ausgestaltung der Beziehungen zwischen Eltern und ihren Kindern und dem jeweiligen Familienklima verbunden ist, können die genannten Aspekte auch noch in späteren Phasen bedeutsam für die Ausgestaltung und Aushandlung von Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen sein. Der Beitrag von Débora Maehler gibt einen systematischen Überblick über die Erziehungsstilforschung der letzten Jahre, wobei die Bedeutung elterlicher Erziehungsstile für die Entwicklung von Kindern in verschiedenen Bereichen beleuchtet wird und ein besonderes Augenmerk auf aktuelle Erkenntnisse zum Helikopter-Erziehungsstil gelegt wird. Daran anschließend befasst sich Elke Murdock in ihrem Beitrag mit der Wahrnehmung des elterlichen Erziehungsstils durch junge Erwachsene, wobei Zusammenhänge zwischen elterlicher Überinvolviertheit (Helicopter parenting) und der Anerkennung elterlicher Leistungen (Sense of indebtedness) durch junge erwachsene Kinder betrachtet werden. Danach beschäftigt sich der Beitrag von Isabelle Albert mit der Beschreibung unterschiedlicher Dimensionen von Familienkulturen in der Herkunftsfamilie durch (junge) Erwachsene sowie deren Zusammenhänge mit Ambivalenzen in den Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen und mit filialer Angst, d.h. der Sorge, den elterlichen Erwartungen und Bedürfnissen im Alter nicht gerecht werden zu können. Abschließend behandelt der Beitrag von Herbert Poinstingl, Sabrina Sommer & Heike M. Buhl Fragen zur filialen Reife im Erwachsenenalter sowie deren Bedeutsamkeit für das Wohlbefindens, die Beziehungsgestaltung und die Bereitschaft zur späteren Pflege der Eltern durch erwachsene Kinder. [less ▲]

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See detailZwischen Autonomie und Überbehütung: Determinanten der Beziehungsqualität junger Erwachsener mit ihren Eltern.
Murdock, Elke UL; Theis, Paula

Scientific Conference (2023, September 05)

Die Lebensphase der emerging adults ist durch große Varianz des Zeitpunkts der Bewältigung verschiedener Entwicklungsaufgaben geprägt. Die Phase des Erwachsenwerdens hat sich insbesondere in der ... [more ▼]

Die Lebensphase der emerging adults ist durch große Varianz des Zeitpunkts der Bewältigung verschiedener Entwicklungsaufgaben geprägt. Die Phase des Erwachsenwerdens hat sich insbesondere in der westlichen Welt in Folge wirtschaftlicher Veränderungen und komplexen Ausbildungsstrukturen verlängert. Dabei kann der elterliche Erziehungsstil das Streben nach Autonomie fördern oder auch einschränken. Helicopter parenting (HP) beschreibt die elterliche Überinvolviertheit. In dieser Lebensphase wird die Beziehung zu den Eltern, deren Leistungen oder Opfer neu bewertet (sense of indebtedness, SIP, Kang et al., 2010). Bisher wurde SIP hauptsächlich bei Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen mit Migrationshintergrund eingesetzt. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die deutsche Version der SIP-Skala (Pfammater & Schwarz, 2022) an die Leistungen der Eltern allgemein, d.h. ohne Migrationshintergrund, angepasst. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es die Ausprägung von SIP und die Erfahrung von überinvolvierter Elternschaft (HP- Skala Wilhelm et al. (2014) mit vier Dimensionen: Überinvolviertheit, Autonomieeinschränkung, Überbehütung und unangebrachte Schuldzuweisung) unter emerging adults zu testen und deren Einfluss auf die Beziehungsqualität zu den Eltern sowie die die Rolle der Selbstwahrnehmung als Jugendliche bzw. Erwachsene zu untersuchen. In einer Onlinestudie wurden dazu N=253 deutschsprachige Erwachsene (M=23.06 Jahre; SD=2.55; 55% weibliche Teilnehmerinnen) quantitativ befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Beziehung zu den Eltern von der überwiegenden Mehrheit als gut bis sehr gut eingeschätzt wird. Eine schlechtere Beziehung spiegelt sich auch in niedrigeren SIP-Werten wider und bezüglich HP in höherer Autonomieeinschränkung und niedrigerer Überinvolviertheit. Die Selbstwahrnehmung hat keinen Einfluss auf SIP, aber auf HP. Unter theoretischer Einbettung erfolgt eine differenzierte Diskussion der Ergebnisse. [less ▲]

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See detailValue Transmission in a Multicultural and Multilingual Context: A Case Study Example of Americans and Japanese in Luxembourg
Nakai, Saki; Murdock, Elke UL

Poster (2023, September 05)

Luxembourg is a multicultural and multilingual country with three official national languages and approximately half of the population (47.1%) composed of foreigners (Statec, 2022). Although most ... [more ▼]

Luxembourg is a multicultural and multilingual country with three official national languages and approximately half of the population (47.1%) composed of foreigners (Statec, 2022). Although most foreigners in Luxembourg have European roots, the number of non-Europeans is rising, with sizeable American and Japanese communities. The US, as target country for immigration is known for its diversity. Japan is one of the most ethnically homogeneous countries in the world. The purpose of this study is to explore the acculturation experiences of Americans and Japanese in Luxembourg. We explore, if and to what extent this contrast between multicultural US and monocultural Japan adds to the complexity of adapting to a multicultural and multilingual context. We focus on the intergenerational value transmission (i.e., language, traditions) within this context. Adopting a qualitative approach, we explored in semi-structured interviews, supplemented by visual primes, different facets of daily life including language practices. Participants were 8 women (5 American, 3 Japanese, age range between 35 and 61 years, M = 48.3) in international marriages with children (on average 2) and most having lived in Luxembourg for more than 10 years. Results show the various compromises participants made regarding language (i.e., within-family language choice, school language choice, friendship groups) and traditions (i.e. local and home traditions). Although the benefits of a multilingual society were noted among all participants, challenges were also experienced. The results shed light on the difficulty of integration and transmission of values in a multicultural context. Implications and differences between Japanese and American participants will be discussed. [less ▲]

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See detailL'introduction de la transformation transfrontalière en droit français
Mastrullo, Thomas UL

in Bulletin Joly Sociétés (2023), BJS202i5

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See detailWay2ESD – Mit Lehrpersonen in die Zukunft: Kollaborative Ansätze für Bildung für Nachhaltige Entwicklung
Sportelli, Doriana UL

Scientific Conference (2023, September 01)

The presentation introduces the Way2ESD project, which aims at anchoring education for sustainable development more strongly in Luxembourgish elementary schools through a collaborative approach to the ... [more ▼]

The presentation introduces the Way2ESD project, which aims at anchoring education for sustainable development more strongly in Luxembourgish elementary schools through a collaborative approach to the development of in-service professional development with teachers for teachers. A general overview of the project as well as first analysis approaches of the early planning steps are presented. [less ▲]

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See detailChildren’s agentic behaviour in literacy practices in crèches in Luxembourg
Kirsch, Claudine UL; Kemp, Valérie UL

Scientific Conference (2023, September 01)

Agentic behaviour of young children has been researched in relation to language policies and language learning (Schwartz et al., 2021) but not in literacy practices. The present paper examines children’s ... [more ▼]

Agentic behaviour of young children has been researched in relation to language policies and language learning (Schwartz et al., 2021) but not in literacy practices. The present paper examines children’s participation in multilingual literacy activities in two crèches in Luxembourg and their agentic behaviour. A previous study has shown that three-year-olds displayed language-based agency and interpretively reproduced translanguaging practices (Kirsch & Mortini, 2021). According to language socialization theories, children actively participate in culture-specific events and appropriate norms, values, and interaction patterns, which they reproduce (Corsaro, 2005; 2018). These interpretive reproductions testify to children’s agentic behaviour. The data of the present qualitative longitudinal study include thick descriptions and video recordings of literacy activities. All interactions were analyzed with conversation analysis (Seedhouse, 2007). To examine, children’s agentic behaviour, we compared their interactions in planned literacy activities to those with peers. Prior to the data collection, the educators and the parents gave informed consent. During the data collection, we maintained the children’s assent by ensuring that they felt comfortable and only observed them in naturally occurring situations with educators. The findings reveal three types of agentic behaviour: children replicated strategies, creatively reproduced interaction practices and literacy practices, and opened up new spaces for developing literacies in home languages. The study has implications for educators as it shows them the ways in which children make meaning of their literacy activities. It is a reminder of the importance of being a good role model, a careful observer and listener, and a reflective practitioner. [less ▲]

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See detail1848 und die Folgen. Geburtsstunde der Laienmusik in Luxemburg
Sagrillo, Damien François UL

in Heidler, Manfred (Ed.) "1789" und die Folgen. Revolutionäre Militärmusik (2023)

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