Last 7 days
Bookmark and Share    
Full Text
See detailForensic DNA Phenotyping: a review on SNP panels, genotyping techniques, and prediction models
Terrado Ortuno, Nuria UL; May, Patrick UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

In the past few years, forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) has attracted a strong interest in the forensic research. Among the increasing publications, many have focused on testing the available panels to ... [more ▼]

In the past few years, forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) has attracted a strong interest in the forensic research. Among the increasing publications, many have focused on testing the available panels to infer biogeographical ancestry (BGA) on less represented populations and understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying externally visible characteristics (EVC). However, there are currently no publications that gather all the existing panels limited to FDP and discuss the main technical limitations of the technique. In this review, we performed a bibliographic search in Scopus database of FDP-related literature, which resulted in a total of 48, 43 and 15 panels for BGA, EVC and both BGA and EVC inference, respectively. Here we provide a list of commercial and non-commercial FDP panels and the FDP limitations regarding the lack of harmonization in terms of terminology (i.e., categorization and measurement of traits) and reporting, the lack of genetic knowledge and environment influence to select markers and develop panels, and the debate surrounding the selection of genotyping technologies and prediction models and algorithms. In conclusion, this review aims to be an updated guide and to present an overview of the current FDP-related literature. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 48 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailDrying of Bio-colloidal Sessile Droplets: Advances, Applications, and Perspectives
Pal, Anusuya; Gope, Amalesh; Sengupta, Anupam UL

in Advances in Colloid and Interface Science (2023)

Drying of biologically-relevant sessile droplets, including passive systems (like DNA and proteins), as well as active microbial systems comprising bacteria and algae, has garnered considerable attention ... [more ▼]

Drying of biologically-relevant sessile droplets, including passive systems (like DNA and proteins), as well as active microbial systems comprising bacteria and algae, has garnered considerable attention over the last decades. Distinct morphological patterns emerge when bio-colloids undergo drying, with significant potential in a range of biomedical applications, spanning bio-sensing, medical diagnostics, drug delivery, and antimicrobial resistance. This review presents a comprehensive overview of bio-colloidal droplets drying on solid substrates, focusing on the experimental progress during the last ten years. We provide a summary of the relevant properties of bio-colloids and link their composition (constituent particles, solvent, and concentrations) to the patterns emerging due to drying. We examined the drying patterns generated by passive bio-colloids (DNA, globular, fibrous, and composite proteins, plasma, serum, blood, urine, tears, saliva). This article highlights how morphological patterns are influenced by the nature of the biological entities and the solvent, micro- and global environmental conditions. Correlations between emergent patterns and the initial droplet compositions enable the detection of potential clinical abnormalities when compared with the patterns of drying droplets of healthy control samples, offering a diagnostic blueprint. Recent experimental investigations of pattern formation in the bio-mimetic and salivary drying droplets, relevant to COVID-19 are also presented. Finally, we summarize the role of biologically active agents in drying process, including bacteria and algae during the drying process. The review concludes with a perspective on the next generation of research and applications based on drying droplets, enabling potential innovations and tools to study this exciting interface of physics, biology, data sciences, and machine learning. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 22 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailRefining the Mandatory Cybersecurity Incident Reporting under the NIS Directive 2.0: Event Types and Reporting Processes
Schmitz, Sandra UL

in Onwubiko, Cyril; Rosati, Pierangelo; Rege, Aunshul (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybersecurity, Situational Awareness and Social Media (2023, March 08)

Detailed reference viewed: 36 (0 UL)
See detailThe Quiet Corner of Web3 That Means Business
Lacity, Mary; Carmel, Erran; Young, Amber et al

in MIT Sloan Management Review (2023), 64(3),

While the metaverse still lacks legs and crypto stumbles, managers who are keeping an eye on Web3 can learn from promising implementations of decentralized credentials.

Detailed reference viewed: 37 (2 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailMathematical Aspects of Division Property
Hebborn, Phil; Leander, Gregor; Udovenko, Aleksei UL

in Cryptography and Communications (2023)

This work surveys mathematical aspects of division property, which is a state of the art technique in cryptanalysis of symmetric-key algorithms, such as authenticated encryption, block ciphers and stream ... [more ▼]

This work surveys mathematical aspects of division property, which is a state of the art technique in cryptanalysis of symmetric-key algorithms, such as authenticated encryption, block ciphers and stream ciphers. It aims to find integral distinguishers and cube attacks, which exploit weakness in the algebraic normal forms of the output coordinates of the involved vectorial Boolean functions. Division property can also be used to provide arguments for security of primitives against these attacks. The focus of this work is a formal presentation of the theory behind the division property, including rigorous proofs, which were often omitted in the existing literature. This survey covers the two major variants of division property, namely conventional and perfect division property. In addition, we explore relationships of the technique with classic degree bounds [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 18 (0 UL)
Full Text
See detailWhy do we not care for statelessness as we care for asylum?
Sommarribas, Adolfo UL

Presentation (2023, March 01)

Presenting the different legal frameworks between international protection and statelessness and possible reasons on why statelessness does not receive the same level of attention.

Detailed reference viewed: 24 (0 UL)
Peer Reviewed
See detailDiversifikation im Klassenzimmer – ein Einwegspiegel?
Pit-Ten Cate, Ineke UL; Rivas, Salvador UL; Busana, Gilbert UL

Scientific Conference (2023, March 01)

Detailed reference viewed: 40 (0 UL)
Peer Reviewed
See detailLehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und ihre Korrelate: Ein systematisches Review von Meta-Analysen
Emslander, Valentin UL; Holzberger, Doris; Fischbach, Antoine UL et al

Scientific Conference (2023, March 01)

THEORETISCHER HINTERGRUND Gute Beziehungen zur eigenen Lehrerin können sich positiv auf den Erfolg eines Schülers auswirken. Dieser Effekt kann mit Bowlby’s (1982) Bindungstheorie erklärt werden und wird ... [more ▼]

THEORETISCHER HINTERGRUND Gute Beziehungen zur eigenen Lehrerin können sich positiv auf den Erfolg eines Schülers auswirken. Dieser Effekt kann mit Bowlby’s (1982) Bindungstheorie erklärt werden und wird empirisch immer wieder gestützt (z.B. Hamre & Pianta, 2001). Positive Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen zeichnen sich durch emotionale Wärme und Nähe aus; negative Aspekte durch Konflikt und Abhängigkeit. So stehen positive Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen nicht nur mit akademischen Leistungen in Verbindung, sondern auch mit einer Vielzahl anderer, wünschenswerter Schülerentwicklungen. Zahlreiche Meta-Analysen deuten auf signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und schulischem Engagement, guten Beziehungen zu Gleichaltrigen, exekutiven Funktionen, allgemeinem Wohlbefinden und der Verringerung aggressiver oder störender Verhaltensweisen hin (Endedijk et al., 2021; Nurmi, 2012; Roorda et al., 2017; Vandenbroucke et al., 2018). Diese Befunde sind jedoch weit verstreut in der Literatur, sodass Forschungslücken unentdeckt bleiben. Auch unterscheiden sich bisherige Überblicksarbeiten in ihren Methoden und den gefundenen Zusammenhängen zwischen Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und Ergebnisvariablen von Schüler*innen. Darüber hinaus ist die Literatur uneindeutig, welche Moderatoren (z.B. Alter oder Geschlecht) diese Beziehungen beeinflussen. Gleichzeitig variiert die Qualität der Meta-Analysen in diesem Feld merklich, was die Interpretation ihrer Ergebnisse erschweren kann. FRAGESTELLUNG Angesichts dieser Forschungslücken haben wir die meta-analytische Literatur systematisch durchsucht und zusammengefasst (Cooper & Koenka, 2012), um einen Überblick über Korrelate von Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen zu schaffen. Hierbei untersuchten wir drei Forschungsfragen 1. Inwieweit hängen akademische, verhaltensbezogene, sozio-emotionale, motivationale und kognitive Schülereigenschaften mit Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen in der meta-analytischen Literatur zusammen? 2. Welche Moderatoren beeinflussen diese Zusammenhänge? 3. Welche methodische Qualität haben die einbezogenen Meta-Analysen? METHODE Um diese Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, analysierten wir 24 Meta-Analysen, die rund 130 Effektstärken für über eine Million Schüler*innen umfassten. Nach der Präregistrierung erfolgte eine systematische Literatursuche. Während mehrerer Runden der Überprüfung mithilfe unserer Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien identifizierten wir 24 passende Meta-Analysen. Aus diesen Meta-Analysen extrahierten wir die Effektstärken zum Zusammenhang von Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und akademische, verhaltensbezogene, sozio-emotionale, motivationale und allgemeine kognitive Schülereigenschaften. Für die Forschungsfragen 1 und 2 haben wir die Ergebnisse zusammengefasst und einen narrativen Überblick erarbeitet. Für Forschungsfrage 3 bewerteten wir die Qualität der Meta-Analysen mit Hilfe der AMSTAR-2 Skala (angepasst an korrelative Studien in der Psychologie und Bildungsforschung; Shea et al., 2017). ERGEBNISSE UND IHRE BEDEUTUNG Mit Blick auf die Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen werden unterschiedliche Ergebnisvariablen analysiert (Forschungsfrage 1). Die stärksten Zusammenhänge zeigten sich für Konflikt und Abhängigkeit in der Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung mit Verhaltensproblemen der Schüler*innen (r = .35 bis .57; Nurmi, 2012). Positive Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen zeigte die stärkste Verbindung mit der Beteiligung in der Schule (r = .26 bis .34; Roorda et al., 2011), prosozialem, externalisierendem und internalisierendem Verhalten (r = .25; Endedijk et al., 2021) sowie mit Lernmotivation in Kombination mit Beteiligung der Schüler*innen (r = .23; Wang et al., 2020). Alter oder Klassenstufe waren die am häufigsten untersuchten Moderatoren mit teilweise gegenläufigen Befunden (Forschungsfrage 2). Geschlechterunterschiede wurden dagegen seltener festgestellt. Gleichzeitig wurde der Effekt der Informationsquelle häufig untersucht, d.h., ob und auf welche Weise Lehrkräfte, Gleichaltrige oder die Schüler*innen selbst die Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung bewerteten. Für Forschunsgfrage 3 diskutieren wir die Qualitätsunterschiede der Meta-Analysen. Mit dem systematischen Review von Meta-Analysen fassen wir die Forschungslandschaft zu Korrelaten von Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen zusammen und zeigen, in welchem Zusammenhang diese mit Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen stehen. Unseren Ergebnissen folgend sollten Lehrkräfte für die Wirkung von Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und deren Zusammenhängen sensibilisiert werden. Einige Interventionen zur Verbesserung von dieser wichtigen Beziehungen wurden bereits meta-analytisch mit vielversprechende Ergebnissen untersucht (Kincade et al., 2020). Ein nächster Schritt ist nun die experimentelle Überprüfung der gefundenen Korrelate, um positive Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen als wirksame Strategie zur Verbesserung von akademischen, verhaltensbezogenen, sozio-emotionalen, motivationalen und kognitiven Schülereigenschaften kausal zu bestätigen. LITERATUR Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. (2nd ed., Vol. 1). Basic Books. Cooper, H., & Koenka, A. C. (2012). The overview of reviews: Unique challenges and opportunities when research syntheses are the principal elements of new integrative scholarship. American Psychologist, 67(6), 446–462. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027119 Decristan, J., Kunter, M., & Fauth, B. (2022). Die Bedeutung individueller Merkmale und konstruktiver Unterstützung der Lehrkraft für die soziale Integration von Schülerinnen und Schülern im Mathematikunterricht der Sekundarstufe. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 36(1–2), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000329 Endedijk, H. M., Breeman, L. D., van Lissa, C. J., Hendrickx, M. M. H. G., den Boer, L., & Mainhard, T. (2021). The Teacher’s Invisible Hand: A Meta-Analysis of the Relevance of Teacher–Student Relationship Quality for Peer Relationships and the Contribution of Student Behavior. Review of Educational Research, 003465432110514. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543211051428 Givens Rolland, R. (2012). Synthesizing the Evidence on Classroom Goal Structures in Middle and Secondary Schools: A Meta-Analysis and Narrative Review. Review of Educational Research, 82(4), 396–435. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654312464909 Hamre, B. K., & Pianta, R. C. (2001). Early Teacher-Child Relationships and the Trajectory of Children’s School Outcomes through Eighth Grade. Child Development, 72(2), 625–638. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00301 Kincade, L., Cook, C., & Goerdt, A. (2020). Meta-Analysis and Common Practice Elements of Universal Approaches to Improving Student-Teacher Relationships. Review of Educational Research, 90(5), 710–748. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654320946836 Korpershoek, H., Harms, T., de Boer, H., van Kuijk, M., & Doolaard, S. (2016). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Classroom Management Strategies and Classroom Management Programs on Students’ Academic, Behavioral, Emotional, and Motivational Outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 643–680. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315626799 Lei, H., Cui, Y., & Chiu, M. M. (2016). Affective Teacher—Student Relationships and Students’ Externalizing Behavior Problems: A Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01311 Nurmi, J.-E. (2012). Students’ characteristics and teacher–child relationships in instruction: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 7(3), 177–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2012.03.001 Roorda, D. L., Jak, S., Zee, M., Oort, F. J., & Koomen, H. M. Y. (2017). Affective Teacher–Student Relationships and Students’ Engagement and Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Update and Test of the Mediating Role of Engagement. School Psychology Review, 46(3), 239–261. https://doi.org/10.17105/SPR-2017-0035.V46-3 Roorda, D. L., Koomen, H. M. Y., Spilt, J. L., & Oort, F. J. (2011). The Influence of Affective Teacher–Student Relationships on Students’ School Engagement and Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Approach. Review of Educational Research, 81(4), 493–529. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654311421793 Shea, B. J., Reeves, B. C., Wells, G., Thuku, M., Hamel, C., Moran, J., Moher, D., Tugwell, P., Welch, V., Kristjansson, E., & Henry, D. A. (2017). AMSTAR 2: A critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ, j4008. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j4008 Vandenbroucke, L., Spilt, J., Verschueren, K., Piccinin, C., & Baeyens, D. (2018). The Classroom as a Developmental Context for Cognitive Development: A Meta-Analysis on the Importance of Teacher–Student Interactions for Children’s Executive Functions. Review of Educational Research, 88(1), 125–164. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654317743200 Wang, M.-T., L. Degol, J., Amemiya, J., Parr, A., & Guo, J. (2020). Classroom climate and children’s academic and psychological wellbeing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Developmental Review, 57, 100912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2020.100912 [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 26 (2 UL)
Peer Reviewed
See detailLehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen: Von der Generalisierbarkeit positiver Befunde
Emslander, Valentin UL; Holzberger, Doris

Scientific Conference (2023, March 01)

Zahlreiche Studien zeigen Zusammenhänge zwischen positiven Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und Ergebnisvariablen im schulischen Kontext (z.B. Noten, wahrgenommene Leistung, soziales Verhalten, Lernmotivation ... [more ▼]

Zahlreiche Studien zeigen Zusammenhänge zwischen positiven Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und Ergebnisvariablen im schulischen Kontext (z.B. Noten, wahrgenommene Leistung, soziales Verhalten, Lernmotivation; Givens Rolland, 2012; Korpershoek et al., 2016). Hierbei werden Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen ganz unterschiedlich konzeptualisiert: Während die Lehrer-Schüler-Interaktion vor allem den praktischen Austausch zwischen Lehrkraft und Schüler*in betrachtet (z.B. Beteiligung am Unterrichtsgespräch), verbindet die konstruktive Unterstützung durch die Lehrkraft unterrichtliche und inhaltliche Unterstützung mit der Wärme und Qualität der Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung (vgl. Decristan et al., 2022; Endedijk et al., 2021; Hamre & Pianta, 2001). Beide Aspekte sind bedeutend für den schulischen Lernerfolg (Endedijk et al., 2021). Vor dem Hintergrund zahlreicher Befunde stellt sich die Frage der Generalisierbarkeit von Effekten positiver Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und -Interaktionen: Profitieren alle Schüler*innen gleichermaßen von emotionaler Nähe und Freundlichkeit der Lehrkraft? Oder zeigen sich Unterschiede, beispielsweise zwischen Jungen und Mädchen oder Schüler*innen verschiedenen Alters, inwieweit sich positive Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen auf Ergebnisvariablen auswirken? Auch die meta-analytische Literatur ist sich in diesen Fragen teilweise uneins (vgl. Lei et al., 2016; Roorda et al., 2017). Offen bleibt zudem, welche Schüler*innen besondere Nachteile haben bei einer negativen Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung (Nurmi, 2012). Unser Symposium zeichnet ein umfassendes Bild dieser wichtigen Beziehung und Interaktion im Herzen der schulischen Bildung anhand der Generalisierbarkeit gefundener Effekte: Der erste Beitrag (Emslander et al., 2023) vergleicht die Rolle der elterliche Unterstützung mit der Unterstützung durch die Lehrkraft auf die akademische Entwicklung der Schüler*innen. Die umfangreiche längsschnittliche Studie verwendet Daten von Haupt-, Real- und Mittelschulen über einen Zeitraum von vier Jahren in der Adoleszenz. Ein Augenmerk liegt auf Unterschieden in den Zusammenhängen zwischen der fünften und achten Klasse. Der zweite Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss der Fehlerkultur bei der Beteiligung am Unterrichtsgespräch. Mithilfe von Videodaten werden Unterrichtsstunden in Mathematik und Deutsch untersucht. Die Studie untersucht differenzielle Befunde der Zusammenhänge in Abhängigkeit des Selbstkonzepts und Migrationshintergrunds von Schüler*innen. Ein dritter Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem moderierenden Einfluss der Schülerwahrnehmung von konstruktiven Lehrkraftunterstützung in der Sekundarstufe und ihrem Zusammenhang zu mathematischen Selbstkonzept und Interesse. Das besondere Augenmerk dieser Studie liegt auf den Unterschieden in der Motivation von jungen Frauen und Männern für das Fach Mathematik. Abschließend bietet ein vierter Beitrag einen Überblick über Korrelate von Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen in der Literatur. Das systematische Review von Meta-Analysen illustriert Zusammenhänge, Moderatoren und Studienqualität auf dem Gebiet der Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen. Besonders werden Alter und Geschlecht der Schüler*innen ebenso wie wer die Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung einschätzt kontrovers diskutiert. LITERATUR Decristan, J., Kunter, M., & Fauth, B. (2022). Die Bedeutung individueller Merkmale und konstruktiver Unterstützung der Lehrkraft für die soziale Integration von Schülerinnen und Schülern im Mathematikunterricht der Sekundarstufe. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 36(1–2), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000329 Emslander, V., Holzberger, D., Fischbach, A., & Scherer, R. (2023, January 3). Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen und ihre Korrelate: Ein systematisches Review von Meta-Analysen [Teacher-Student Relationships and their Correlates: A systematic Review of Meta-Analyses]. In Emslander, V., & Holzberger, D. (Eds.) (2023, February 28 – March 2). Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehungen: Von der Generalisierbarkeit positiver Befunde [Teacher-Student Relationships: Of the Generalizability of Positive Results]. Symposium at the 10th Conference of the Society for Empirical Educational Research (GEBF), Essen, Germany. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54530 Endedijk, H. M., Breeman, L. D., van Lissa, C. J., Hendrickx, M. M. H. G., den Boer, L., & Mainhard, T. (2021). The Teacher’s Invisible Hand: A Meta-Analysis of the Relevance of Teacher–Student Relationship Quality for Peer Relationships and the Contribution of Student Behavior. Review of Educational Research, 92(3). https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543211051428 Givens Rolland, R. (2012). Synthesizing the Evidence on Classroom Goal Structures in Middle and Secondary Schools: A Meta-Analysis and Narrative Review. Review of Educational Research, 82(4), 396–435. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654312464909 Hamre, B. K., & Pianta, R. C. (2001). Early Teacher-Child Relationships and the Trajectory of Children’s School Outcomes through Eighth Grade. Child Development, 72(2), 625–638. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00301 Korpershoek, H., Harms, T., de Boer, H., van Kuijk, M., & Doolaard, S. (2016). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Classroom Management Strategies and Classroom Management Programs on Students’ Academic, Behavioral, Emotional, and Motivational Outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 643–680. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315626799 Lei, H., Cui, Y., & Chiu, M. M. (2016). Affective Teacher—Student Relationships and Students’ Externalizing Behavior Problems: A Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01311 Nurmi, J.-E. (2012). Students’ characteristics and teacher–child relationships in instruction: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 7(3), 177–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2012.03.001 Roorda, D. L., Jak, S., Zee, M., Oort, F. J., & Koomen, H. M. Y. (2017). Affective Teacher–Student Relationships and Students’ Engagement and Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Update and Test of the Mediating Role of Engagement. School Psychology Review, 46(3), 239–261. https://doi.org/10.17105/SPR-2017-0035.V46-3 [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 27 (3 UL)
See detailLincoln im Saloon
Pause, Johannes UL

in Rotary Magazin (2023), (3),

Der Populismus der 1930er Jahre war das Gegenteil des libertären Autoritarismus von heute. Über den Western von damals.

Detailed reference viewed: 33 (0 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailPerformance Analysis and Benchmarking of a Temperature Downscaling Deep Learning Model
Panner Selvam, Karthick UL; Brorsson, Mats Hakan UL

in 31st Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed, and Network-Based Processing, Naples, Italy 1-3 March 2023 (2023, March)

We are presenting here a detailed analysis and performance characterization of a statistical temperature downscaling application used in the MAELSTROM EuroHPC project. This application uses a deep ... [more ▼]

We are presenting here a detailed analysis and performance characterization of a statistical temperature downscaling application used in the MAELSTROM EuroHPC project. This application uses a deep learning methodology to convert low-resolution atmospheric temperature states into high-resolution. We have performed in-depth profiling and roofline analysis at different levels (Operators, Training, Distributed Training, Inference) of the downscaling model on different hardware architectures (Nvidia V100 & A100 GPUs). Finally, we compare the training and inference cost of the downscaling model with various cloud providers. Our results identify the model bottlenecks which can be used to enhance the model architecture and determine hardware configuration for efficiently utilizing the HPC. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive methodology for in-depth profiling and benchmarking of the deep learning models. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 45 (9 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailRegional heterogeneity and individual characteristics in the development of a European tax policy: historical insights from Luxembourg
Danescu, Elena UL

in Danescu, Elena; Dima, Alina Mihaela (Eds.) Fostering recovery through metaverse business modelling - An interdisciplinary analysis of the new paradigm shift (2023, March)

Luxembourg is currently one of the most politically stable, consensus-oriented, and prosperous countries in the world, characterised by am advanced social market economy, and a level of material wellbeing ... [more ▼]

Luxembourg is currently one of the most politically stable, consensus-oriented, and prosperous countries in the world, characterised by am advanced social market economy, and a level of material wellbeing above the EU average. Its strong fiscal position is well illustrated by a longstanding AAA credit rating, a significant accumulation of government financial assets, and a distinct fiscal approach. In this light, this paper aims to investigate the specific features of the tax system in Luxembourg from a multidisciplinary perspective by analysing historical sources and exploring the development of these particularities over time, their impact on the socioeconomic context and their repercussions for the European integration process, especially in the design and completion of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 34 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detailNegative Results of Fusing Code and Documentation for Learning to Accurately Identify Sensitive Source and Sink Methods An Application to the Android Framework for Data Leak Detection
Samhi, Jordan UL; Kober, Kober; Kabore, Abdoul Kader UL et al

in 30th IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (2023, March)

Apps on mobile phones manipulate all sorts of data, including sensitive data, leading to privacy related concerns. Recent regulations like the European GDPR provide rules for the processing of personal ... [more ▼]

Apps on mobile phones manipulate all sorts of data, including sensitive data, leading to privacy related concerns. Recent regulations like the European GDPR provide rules for the processing of personal and sensitive data, like that no such data may be leaked without the consent of the user. Researchers have proposed sophisticated approaches to track sensitive data within mobile apps, all of which rely on specific lists of sensitive source and sink methods. The data flow analysis results greatly depend on these lists' quality. Previous approaches either used incomplete hand-written lists and quickly became outdated or relied on machine learning. The latter, however, leads to numerous false positives, as we show. This paper introduces CoDoC that aims to revive the machine-learning approach to precisely identify the privacy-related source and sink API methods. In contrast to previous approaches, CoDoC uses deep learning techniques and combines the source code with the documentation of API methods. Firstly, we propose novel definitions that clarify the concepts of taint analysis, source, and sink methods. Secondly, based on these definitions, we build a new ground truth of Android methods representing sensitive source, sink, and neither methods that will be used to train our classifier. We evaluate CoDoC and show that, on our validation dataset, it achieves a precision, recall, and F1 score of 91%, outperforming the state-of-the-art SuSi. However, similarly to existing tools, we show that in the wild, i.e., with unseen data, CoDoC performs poorly and generates many false-positive results. Our findings suggest that machine-learning models for abstract concepts such as privacy fail in practice despite good lab results. To encourage future research, we release all our artifacts to the community. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 88 (10 UL)
Full Text
See detailThe Next Generation EU (NGEU) as a catalyst for the promotion of the international role of the euro
Lupinu, Pier Mario UL; Machura, Anna UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Recent developments in the global arena such as the COVID-19 pandemic and stresses in energy markets, made it clear that it is critical for the EU to ensure its strategic autonomy in the macroeconomic ... [more ▼]

Recent developments in the global arena such as the COVID-19 pandemic and stresses in energy markets, made it clear that it is critical for the EU to ensure its strategic autonomy in the macroeconomic field. Strengthening the international role of the euro is one of the key elements in this regard. Through timely analysis of the changes stemming from the establishment of the Next Generation EU (NGEU), we seek to understand to what extent the NGEU can serve as a catalyst for the promotion of the international role of the euro. While it is implausible that the euro will overcome the primacy of the US dollar, we center our analysis around the transformation of the EU’s presence in capital markets. Following massive issuances of green bonds under the NGEU, the EU became the largest issuer of green bonds and has the potential to progress from a small supranational issuer to a sovereign size issuer. This means that the pool of highly rated euro-denominated safe assets will expand significantly. That is where we focus our analysis and where we see the opportunity of the NGEU for unleashing the potential of the euro and boosting its international role. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 29 (1 UL)
Full Text
See detailWavelet-Type Expansion of Generalized Hermite Processes with rate of convergence
Ayache, Antoine; Hamonier, Julien; Loosveldt, Laurent UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Wavelet-type random series representations of the well-known Fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) and many other related stochastic processes and fields have started to be introduced since more than two ... [more ▼]

Wavelet-type random series representations of the well-known Fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) and many other related stochastic processes and fields have started to be introduced since more than two decades. Such representations provide natural frameworks for approximating almost surely and uniformly rough sample paths at different scales and for study of various aspects of their complex erratic behavior. Hermite process of an arbitrary integer order d, which extends FBM, is a paradigmatic example of a stochastic process belonging to the dth Wiener chaos. It was introduced very long time ago, yet many of its properties are still unknown when d ≥ 3. In a paper published in 2004, Pipiras raised the problem to know whether wavelet-type random series representations with a well-localized smooth scaling function, reminiscent to those for FBM due to Meyer, Sellan and Taqqu, can be obtained for a Hermite process of any order d. He solved it in this same paper in the particular case d = 2 in which the Hermite process is called the Rosenblatt process. Yet, the problem remains unsolved in the general case d ≥ 3. The main goal of our article is to solve it, not only for usual Hermite processes but also for generalizations of them. Another important goal of our article is to derive almost sure uniform estimates of the errors related with approximations of such processes by scaling functions parts of their wavelet-type random series representations. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 37 (1 UL)
Full Text
See detailAktuelle Entwicklungen im Steuerrecht in der Informationstechnologie 2021/2022 - Teil 2
Sinnig, Julia UL; Schmittmann, Jens M.

in Kommunikation und Recht (2023), 26(3), 178-186

Die Autoren fassen in diesem zweiteiligen Beitrag, dessen erster Teil in K&R 2023, 100 ff., erschienen ist, die aktuellen steuerrechtlichen Entwicklungen des vorangehende Jahres zusammen, sofern sich ... [more ▼]

Die Autoren fassen in diesem zweiteiligen Beitrag, dessen erster Teil in K&R 2023, 100 ff., erschienen ist, die aktuellen steuerrechtlichen Entwicklungen des vorangehende Jahres zusammen, sofern sich Bezüge zur Informationstechnologie im weitesten Sinne und dem Informationstechnologierecht ergeben. Teil zwei des Beitrags beschäftigt sich mit den wesentlichen Entwicklungen im deutschen Verfahrensrecht sowie dem Ertrag- und Umsatzsteuerrecht. Zudem wird ein Überblick über den Stand des Informationsfreiheits- und Transparenzrechts gegeben. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 33 (0 UL)
Full Text
See detailMultifractional Hermite processes: definition and first properties
Loosveldt, Laurent UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

We define multifractional Hermite processes which generalize and extend both multifractional Brownian motion and Hermite processes. It is done by substituting the Hurst parameter in the definition of ... [more ▼]

We define multifractional Hermite processes which generalize and extend both multifractional Brownian motion and Hermite processes. It is done by substituting the Hurst parameter in the definition of Hermite processes as a multiple Wiener-Itô integral by a Hurst function. Then, we study the pointwise regularity of these processes, their local asymptotic self-similarity and some fractal dimensions of their graph. Our results show that the fundamental properties of multifractional Hermite processes are, as desired, governed by the Hurst function. Complements are given in the second order Wiener chaos, using facts from Malliavin calculus. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 38 (1 UL)
Full Text
Peer Reviewed
See detail« La cour d’assises semble être devenue une succursale de l’Académie française ». Figurations de l’éloquence judiciaire dans l’œuvre de Courier et de Béranger
Saintes, Laetitia UL

in Romantisme (2023), 199(1), 16-25

In 1821 Paul-Louis Courier, accused of outrages to public morality because of his Simple discours (1821) and Pierre-Jean de Béranger, prosecuted for having outraged, with his Chansons (1821), public and ... [more ▼]

In 1821 Paul-Louis Courier, accused of outrages to public morality because of his Simple discours (1821) and Pierre-Jean de Béranger, prosecuted for having outraged, with his Chansons (1821), public and religious morality and social mores, and insulted the king, appeared before the Assizes court of the Seine. These two famous trials inspired both Courier and Béranger to write respectively the Procès de Paul-Louis Courier (The Trial of Paul-Louis Courier) and the Procès fait aux chansons de P.-J. de Béranger (The Trial against the Songs of P.-J. de Béranger). This paper aims to study through the lens of these texts the manner in which Courier and Béranger understand and appropriate, within texts that need to be considered as both aesthetic declarations and political professions of faith, the judicial eloquence manifested during their respective trials. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 75 (1 UL)
Full Text
See detailMultiple Access in Constellation Domain by Non-Coherent Massive MIMO
Monzon Baeza, Victor UL

E-print/Working paper (2023)

Multiple access is the base for increasing the capacity in multi-user communication networks. However, the growing demand for higher data rates and the number of users who requires communication services ... [more ▼]

Multiple access is the base for increasing the capacity in multi-user communication networks. However, the growing demand for higher data rates and the number of users who requires communication services has led to the scarcity of orthogonal resources in current wireless communications. On the other hand, integrating the satellite within terrestrial networks as an initiative of 3GPP since its Release 15 entails the need for new forms of multiple access between terrestrial and non-terrestrial users. This paper studies constellation schemes as a new domain to enhance the state-of-the-art multiple-access techniques for future communication technologies employing non-coherent communications with massive MIMO. In addition, we propose a hybrid model between the classic access methods such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) or Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), the emerging models of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and the proposed domain of the constellation based on non-coherent massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) schemes. This model is discussed for different scenarios in satellite communications that help increase the system's capacity and avoid interference between terrestrial and non-terrestrial users. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 67 (3 UL)
Full Text
See detailMaking Next Generation EU a permanent tool
Allemand, Frederic UL; Creel, Jérôme; Saraceno, Francesco et al

Report (2023)

The policy study assesses the possible scope and the technical and legal difficulties in implementing a "permanent Next-Generation EU (NGEU)", a central fiscal capacity for the EU, without ever losing ... [more ▼]

The policy study assesses the possible scope and the technical and legal difficulties in implementing a "permanent Next-Generation EU (NGEU)", a central fiscal capacity for the EU, without ever losing sight of the democratic requirement. The implementation of NGEU has raised coordination issues between the member states as to the allocation of funds across structural priorities (e.g. ecological transition vs digitalisation) and across countries. To these coordination difficulties, Section 2 adds the issue of the democratic legitimacy of EU policies when supranational priorities constrain the autonomy of national parliaments. The problem of accountability is not new when one thinks that supranational rules, such as the Stability and Growth Pact, impose limits on the power of parliaments to "tax and spend"; in fact, the intrinsic logic of coordination is to force (political) discretionary power to comply with (macroeconomic) functional imperatives; this inevitably produces a form of depoliticisation of fiscal policy. Throughout this policy study, we constantly keep in mind that transforming NGEU into a permanent programme offers an opportunity to fix this depoliticisation of EU policies and open a window for a breakthrough to a "political Europe". [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 25 (0 UL)